'Yan asalin yankin Subarctic

'Yan asalin yankin Subarctic

Kabilu masu alaƙa
indigenous peoples of North America (en)

Taswirar yankuna na Subarctic

'Yan asalin yankin SubArctic sune mutanen Aboriginal da ke zaune a yankunan Subarctic na Amurka, Asiya, da da yankin Turai, da ke kudu da Arctic na gaskiya a kusan yana a 50 ° N zuwa 70 ° N latitude. Wannan yankin ya haɗa da ciki na Alaska, Yammacin Subarctic ko yammacin Canadian Shield da Mackenzie River drainage area, Gabashin Subarctic na Gabashin Kanada ko Gabashin Canadian Shield, da kuma mafi yawan Fennoscandia, Arewa maso yammacin Rasha da Siberia. Mutanen da ke yankin Siberia da Greenland an haɗa su a cikin yankin; duk da haka, ana rarraba Inuit na Greenlandic a matsayin 'Yan asalin Arctic.

Harsuna

Mutanen da ke cikin yankunan subarctic suna da harsuna sama da 38 a cikin manyan iyalai biyar: Algonquian, Athapaskan, Indo-Turai, Turkic da Uralic.

Fasaha da al'adu

deer" reindeer Rangifer tarandus (caribou a Arewacin Amurka) da deer sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a al'adun Arewacin Amurka da Asiya Subarctic, suna samar da abinci, tufafi, mafaka, da kayan aiki. A Arewacin Amurka, abubuwa kamar jaka na babiche ana yin su ne da caribou da deer rawhide. Moosehair embroidery da porcupine quill embroiderie suma ana aiki a kan fata da birchbark. Bayan gabatarwa daga Asiya da Turawa, gilashin gilashi ya zama sananne kuma ana sa su cikin zane-zanen furanni. Bugu da ƙari, wasu al'adu suna yin noma, tare da farauta da tarawa.

A cikin al'adun Sami na Scandinavia, kiwon reindeer ya taka muhimmiyar rawa. A al'adance zama sun rayu kuma sun yi aiki a cikin kungiyoyin kiwon reindeer da ake kira siiddat, wanda ya kunshi iyalai da yawa da garken su. Membobin Siidda sun taimaka wa juna tare da gudanarwa da kiwon garken.

A Rasha, yawancin 'yan asalin ƙasar suna yin kiwon reindeer, daga Rasha ta Turai zuwa Siberia. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan kungiyoyi shine Mutanen Nenets, waɗanda ke yin kiwon kiwo, suna ƙaura mai nisa a kowace shekara (har zuwa kilomita 1,000 a kowace shekara) tsakanin makiyaya na rani da na hunturu.  A halin yanzu kimanin Nenets 13,500 suna aiki tare da kiwon reindeer.

sansanin Tłıchön a bakin Tekun Slave a Fort Resolution, Yankin Arewa maso Yamma, 1907