'Yan gwagawarmayar yanci na Hungary
|
| |
| Bayanai | |
| Iri | jam'iyyar siyasa |
| Ƙasa | Hungariya |
| Ideology (en) |
Hungarian nationalism (en) |
| Aiki | |
| Member count (en) | 300,000 (1939) |
| Mulki | |
| Shugaba |
Ferenc Szálasi (en) |
| Hedkwata |
Andrássy út (mul) |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | 15 ga Maris, 1939 |
| Dissolved | 1 Mayu 1945 |
Jam'iyyar Arrow Cross (Hungarian: Nyilaskeresztes Párt - Hungarista Mozgalom, lit. 'Arrow Cross Party - Hungarist Movement', ta rage NYKP) jam'iyya ce mai tsattsauran ra'ayi ta Hungary karkashin jagorancin Ferenc Szálasi, wacce ta kafa gwamnati a Hungary sun kira Gwamnatin yaƙin Kai ta Kasa. Sun kasance a mulki daga 15 ga Oktoba 1944 zuwa 28 ga Maris 1945. A lokacin gajeren mulkinsa, an kashe fararen hula dubu goma zuwa goma sha biyar, ciki har da Yahudawa da yawa da Romani, kuma an fitar da mutane 80,000 daga Hungary zuwa sansanonin fursuna a Austria. Bayan yakin, kotunan Hungary sun gwada shugabannin Arrow Cross kuma sun same su da laifi a matsayin masu aikata laifukan yaki. A watan Maris na shekara ta 1946, an rataye Szálasi da uku daga cikin manyan magoya bayansa.
Ferenc Szálasi ne ya kafa jam'iyyar a 1935 a matsayin Jam'iyyar National Will . Ya samo asali ne daga falsafar siyasa na masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na Jamus kamar Gyula Gömbös, wanda ya kirkiro kalmar "socialism na kasa" a cikin shekarun 1920. An haramta jam'iyyar a shekara ta 1937 amma an sake kafa ta a shekara ta 1939 a matsayin Jam'iyyar Arrow Cross, kuma an tsara ta a bayyane a kan Jam'iyyar Nazi ta Jamus, kodayake Szálasi sau da yawa yana sukar mulkin Nazi na Jamus.[1]
Alamar da alama
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Hoton jam'iyyar a bayyane yake ya samo asali ne daga na Nazis.
Alamar Nyilaskereszt ("cross na kibiya") an dauke ta alama ce ta Ƙabilun Magyar waɗanda, daga ƙarshen karni na 9, suka ci nasara kuma suka zauna a cikin abin da ya zama Hungary. A cikin kwaikwayon muhimmiyar rawar swastika a cikin akidar Nazi, gicciye na kibiya ya kuma yi nuni da tsarkakar launin fata na Magyars, kamar yadda aka yi niyyar swastika don nuna tsarkakar kabilanci na Jamusawa.
Alamar giciye tana da wasu ma'anar akida, gami da sha'awar soke Yarjejeniyar Trianon, da faɗaɗa jihar Hungary a duk hanyoyi masu mahimmanci, zuwa iyakokin tsohuwar Masarautar Hungary.
Ra'ayi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

akidar jam'iyyar ta yi kama da na Nazism da Fascism kuma ta haɗu da bangarorin waɗancan akidar tare da Turanism na Hungary, ta samar da akidar da Ferenc Szálasi ya kira "Hungarism". Ya haɗu da kishin ƙasa, inganta aikin gona, adawa da jari-hujja, adawa da kwaminisanci da kuma wani nau'i na musamman na adawa da Yahudawa, wanda ake kira A-Semitism. A cikin jerin littattafai huɗu game da Hungarism, Szálasi ya bambanta a-Semitism, wanda ya yi kira ga al'umma wanda ya kamata ya kasance ba tare da Yahudawa ba, daga anti-Semitic, wanda, ya yi jayayya, zai ba da izinin Yahudawa su kasance a cikin wata al'umma mai iyakantaccen haƙƙin. Ya yi jayayya cewa a-Semitism ba ya adawa da wanzuwar Yahudawa da kansu, a maimakon haka, ya ɗauki wanzuwarsu kamar yadda ba ta dace da al'ummar Turai ba. Szálasi ya ba da wannan gardamar ga Larabawa, kuma ya kuma ba da ita ga dukan "tseren Semitic". "
Wannan haɗuwa da ake zargi da ƙarfin Asiya da tunanin Turai an gabatar da shi ba kawai a matsayin son al'adu ba amma a matsayin tushen halitta da ruhaniya don da'awar Hungary game da fifiko na siyasa. A cikin wannan tsarin, an yi la'akari da Hungary a matsayin gada tsakanin wayewa, wanda aka sanya shi musamman don tashi a matsayin ikon duniya wanda zai iya jagorantar sabon tsari na matsayi wanda ya dogara da fifiko na al'umma. Irin waɗannan imani, yayin da aka tsara su a cikin harshen makomar ƙasa da kuma bukatar tarihi, sun nuna manyan abubuwan fascism waɗanda suka tsarkake tsarkakar launin fata ko haɗuwa a matsayin kayan sabuntawa na siyasa da burin mulkin mallaka.
Samun iko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tushen tasirin Arrow Cross za a iya gano shi ne adawa da Yahudawa wanda ya biyo bayan juyin mulki Kwaminisanci, kirkirar Jamhuriyar Soviet ta Hungary, da Red Terror a lokacin bazara da rani na 1919. Yawancin shugabannin Kwaminisanci sun fito ne daga iyalai na Yahudawa kamar Tibor Szamuely . Béla Kun, shugaban Jamhuriyar kuma mai gabatar da ta'addanci, yana da mahaifin Yahudawa da mahaifiyar da, duk da juyawa zuwa Cocin Reformed na Hungary, har yanzu ana ganinsa a matsayin Bayahude. Marubutan adawa da Yahudawa da yawa kafin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, kamar Leon na Poncins sun yi amfani da wannan gaskiyar don yada Ka'idar makircin Yahudawa da Masons.ory.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Amerikai Népszava Online". Nepszava.com. 2015-03-23. Archived from the original on 2009-02-02. Retrieved 2017-06-17.
- ↑ Karsai, László (2012). "Szálasi Ferenc: Politikai életrajz (Doktori disszertáció)" [Ferenc Szálasi: A Political Biography (doctoral dissertation)] (PDF). Repository of the Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (in Harshen Hungari). p. 234. Retrieved 25 October 2021.