'Yancin Dan Adam a Georgia
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human rights by country or territory (en) | |
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙasa | Georgia |
Kundin Tsarin mulki na kasar ya tabbatar da haƙƙin ɗan adam a Georgia. Akwai mai kare hakkin dan adam mai zaman kansa na Georgia wanda majalisar ta zaba don tabbatar da cewa ana aiwatar da irin waɗannan hakkoki.[1] Koyaya, Amnesty International ta yi zargin cewa, [2] Human Rights Watch, Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka da 'yan adawar Georgia [3] galibi ana keta waɗannan haƙƙoƙin.
Bugu da kari, kusan kashi 20% na yankin abin da ya kasance SSR ta Georgia yana cikin rikici (an gan shi kamar yadda aka shagaltar da shi a ra'ayin gwamnatin Georgia a Tbilisi, da kuma wasu ƙasashe da yawa); [4] akwai zarge-zargen cin zarafin ɗan adam a waɗannan yankuna na Abkhazia da Ossetia ta Kudu.
'Yancin' yan tsiraru
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gwamnatin Georgia ta ɗauki matakai masu kyau don kare tsirarun addinai. Tun bayan juyin juya halin Musulunci, hare-haren da ake kai wa mabambantan addinai ya ragu, kuma mahukunta sun kama wani jagoran wadannan hare-haren Basil Mkalavishvili tare da tsare shi. Firayim Minista Zurab Jvania ya kasance babban mai goyon bayan ba wa ƙungiyoyin addini damar karɓuwa daga jihar, amma ya fuskanci adawa mai yawa daga gwamnatinsa: nasa shugaban ya ce ya kamata jihar ta yi abin da za ta iya don 'kare Jojiya daga mummunan tasirin baƙi.' Duk da gyare-gyaren da ya ba wa tsirarun majami'u damar yin rajistar kansu a shekara ta 2005, cocin Orthodox na Jojiya yana da rinjaye mai yawa a Jojiya, yayin da ƙungiyoyin tsiraru ke da wuya su gina wuraren ibada.
Yarjejeniyar 2002 tsakanin G.O.C. kuma gwamnatin Jojiya tana kan aiki, wanda ke ba Cocin Orthodox na Jojiya matsayi mai gata a Jojiya, kuma ya ba ta iko a kan dukan al'amuran addini. Ikklisiya ce kaɗai ke da matsayin ba tare da biyan haraji ba, kuma galibi ana tuntuɓar ta a cikin lamuran gwamnati. Tare da kasancewa ba tare da haraji ba, Cocin Orthodox na Jojiya kuma yana samun wasu kudade daga gwamnati kuma. Babban dalilin haka shi ne, Cocin ya kasance mai himma sosai wajen raya al'adun kasar kuma kamar yadda a yawancin kasashen Gabashin Orthodox, layin da ke tsakanin al'adu da addini ya dushe.
Jojiya ta amince da Yarjejeniyar Tsare-tsare na Kariya na Ƙarƙashin Ƙasa (FCNM) a cikin 2005. Kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu "Haƙuri" sun nuna a cikin 2008 cewa yawancin batutuwa na FCPNM an kebe su daga cikakken aiwatarwa ta majalisar dokokin Jojiya. Musamman, tanade-tanade game da cikakken magana a cikin harsunan tsiraru a cikin al'amuran al'adu, ilimi da gudanarwa sun lalace, iƙirarin haƙuri. Alal misali, adadin makarantun Azarbaijan ya ragu, kuma an ba da misali da batun naɗa shugabanni a makarantun Azabaijan waɗanda ba sa jin Azabaijan.[5]
An aiwatar da dabarun kare haƙƙin ɗan adam a cikin Maris 2023. [6]
'Yanci na faɗar albarkacin baki da na kafofin watsa labarai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]'‘Yancin fadin albarkacin baki da yada labarai gaba daya ana bayar da su ne a Jojiya amma kash akwai lokutan da ba musamman a lokacin zanga-zangar Georgian ta 2007, ‘yan sandan kwantar da tarzoma sun kai hari a hedkwatar tashar Imedi, lamarin da ya kai ga harabar zanga-zangar.
A shekarar 2023, kasar ta inganta matsayinta a kididdigar 'yancin 'yan jarida ta duniya daga lamba 89 zuwa lamba 77.[6]
Cin zarafin fursunoni
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tsawon shekaru, kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama sun bukaci shugaba Saakashvili da gwamnatinsa da su duba irin ta'asar da ake zarginsu da aikatawa a gidajen yarin Jojiya. A shekara ta 2010 Hukumar Kare Hakkokin Dan Adam ta Majalisar Turai ta ba da rahoton "Yanayin rayuwa a gidajen yari da sansanonin fursunoni na Georgia - wanda kuma aka fi sani da suna a matsayin "kayan gyaran fuska" - ba su haifar da ingantacciyar sakamako ga fursunoni ba. suna guje wa sunaye masu azabtarwa.
Ya zuwa shekara ta 2010, wadatar kula da lafiya a cikin kurkuku da sansanoni ba ta isa ba wanda ya haifar da mace-mace mai yawa a cikin kurkukun Georgia. Ana watsi da haƙƙin ɗan adam na fursunoni kawai. " [7] Sauran kungiyoyi da yawa sun gargadi gwamnatin Saakashvili, gami da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka a cikin 2008. [8]
Duk da gargaɗin da duniya ta yi wa gwamnatin Saakashvili, Jam'iyyar United National Movement Party game da 'yancin ɗan adam a gidajen yarin Jojiya, ƙungiyoyin sa ido sun ba da rahoton kaɗan ko babu wani ci gaba.
Kungiyar Tarayyar Turai ta yi kakkausar suka ga cin zarafin fursunoni tare da yin kira ga hukumomin Jojiya da su hukunta masu laifin. A cikin wata sanarwa da ta fitar, Catherine Ashton, jami'ar kula da harkokin wajen EU ta ce ta yi matukar kaduwa da faifan bidiyo masu ban mamaki na cin zarafin da aka yi wa fursunonin da ke gidan yarin Gldani. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a gudanar da bincike kan wadannan da sauran abubuwan da suka faru cikin tsanaki tare da hukunta wadanda ke da hannu a lamarin. [9]
Rupert Colville, mai magana da yawun ofishin kare hakkin bil'adama na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a Geneva, ya bukaci Jojiya da ta "gazawa, ba tare da nuna son kai ba kuma cikin inganci" ta binciki dukkan lamuran cin zarafi tare da daukar matakai "don tabbatar da cewa an gudanar da gidajen yari da wuraren tsare mutane daidai da dokokin kasa da kasa da ka'idojin kare hakkin bil'adama".[9]
Tambayoyin kungiyoyin kare hakkin bil'adama a duniya sun zo ne bayan damuwar kasa da kasa game da zabukan gaskiya da adalci a Jojiya a shekara ta 2012. [10]
2013 sakin fursunonin siyasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ranar 13 ga Janairu, 2013 mutane 190 da Majalisar Jojiya ta ayyana fursunonin siyasa ne aka saki daga gidan yari a karkashin wata dokar afuwa da 'yan majalisar dokokin Georgian Dream suka dauki nauyin yi, wadda ta zartar a shekarar 2012 kan veto na shugaban kasar mai barin gado Mikheil Saakashvili.
Rikicin adawa da LGBT da zanga-zangar adawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A lokacin watan alfahari na 2021, masu gwagwarmayar LGBTQ na Georgia sun dakatar da wani shirin alfahari bayan masu zanga-zangar adawa da LGBT sun mamaye hedikwatar Tbilisi Pride kuma sun kai hari kan kimanin 'yan jarida 50. Masu zanga-zangar adawa da LGBT sun zargi 'yan jarida da cin zarafin al'adun gargajiya na Georgia.[11] Tbilisi Pride ta zargi gwamnati da coci da karfafa "babban gwagwarmaya" a kan al'ummar lesbian, gay, bisexual, da transgender (LGBT) da kuma kasa kare haƙƙin 'yan ƙasa.[12]
Bayan wata rana da aka yi ta nuna bacin ransu kan tashe-tashen hankula, dubban mutane ne suka taru domin nuna adawa da nuna kyama a gaban majalisar dokokin kasar Georgia, inda suka kaddamar da tutar bakan gizo a yayin da mahalarta taron ke murna da rera taken kasar Georgia.
Gabaɗaya, gwamnatin Georgia ta kama mutane 102 dangane da rikice-rikicen adawa da LGBT; 68 daga cikinsu an sake su a kan beli kuma an bar sauran a tsare har sai an yi musu shari'a. A ranar 9 ga watan Yulin 2021, Kotun Birnin Tbilisi ta musanta belin kuma ta ba da umarnin tsare ƙarin mambobi 4 na kungiyar ta'addanci kafin shari'a. A lokacin sauraron farko, alƙalin ya yanke shawarar cewa ayyukan waɗannan masu gwagwarmayar adawa da LGBT "banda kasancewa mai laifi, suna lalata kwanciyar hankali na jihar. Suna da duhu da kunya..."
Georgia ta gabatar da lissafin don cire duk kariya ta LGBT
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wani lissafin da aka gabatar a cikin 2024 yana neman cire duk kariya ga mutanen LGBT, haramta "ma'aurata na daban," yin zama ba bisa ka'ida ba, cire duk sanarwa ga masu canza launin fata a kan takardun ainihi, da kuma haramta duk nuni na jama'a na LGBT.[13][14] Majalisar dokokin Georgia ta zartar da dokar a ranar 4 ga watan Satumba. Tarayyar Turai, da kungiyoyin kare hakkin dan adam daban-daban sun yi Allah wadai da hukuncin.[13][15][16]
Yanayin tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Shafin da ke biyowa yana nuna ƙididdigar Georgia tun daga 1 a cikin rahotanni na Freedom in the World, wanda Freedom House ke buga kowace shekara. Matsayi na 1 shine "kyauta"; 7, "ba kyauta ba".[17] 1
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Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Tsayar da Intanet da sa ido a Georgia
- Hakkin LGBT a Georgia (ƙasa)
- Harin 2021 a kan Tbilisi Pride
- Shari'ar kisan kai ta Sandro Girgvliani
Bayani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1. ^ Lura cewa "Shekara" tana nufin "Shekarar da aka rufe". Saboda haka bayanin shekarar da aka yi alama ta 2008 ya fito ne daga rahoton da aka buga a 2009, da sauransu.
- 2. ^ Ya zuwa Janairu 1.
Bayanan da aka ambata
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "საქართველოს სახალხო დამცველი". ombudsman.ge.
- ↑ "Human rights in Georgia". Amnesty International.
- ↑ "Georgia Media Centre". Archived from the original on February 25, 2012.
- ↑ "Regional risks - Georgia travel advice". GOV.UK.
- ↑ "Alternative report on the implementation by Georgia of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities in the region of Kvemo Kartli - Tbilisi, 2008 - p. 58-59" (PDF).
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Press corner". European Commission - European Commission. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "EC" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Davitaia, Prof. Dr. Avtandil. "ISHR Georgia Report 2010: Prison Conditions in the Republic of Georgia". International Society for Human Rights (ISHR). Archived from the original on 2015-01-01.
- ↑ "2008 Human Rights Report: Georgia". 2008 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices. US Department of State. Retrieved February 25, 2009.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 "Georgia: UN condemns prisoner abuses exposed in television footage". UN News Centre. www.un.org. Retrieved 21 September 2012. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "www.un.org" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "EU newcomers urge fair polls in Georgia". www.eubusiness.com. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
- ↑ "ჟურნალისტების სია, რომლებსაც ძალადობრივი ჯგუფები თავს დაესხნენ". www.mediachecker.ge (in Jojiyanci). Retrieved 2021-07-06.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:0 - ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Press Review - Georgia transgender model murdered as lawmakers pass anti LGBTQ bill". France 24. September 20, 2024.
- ↑ Hansford, Amelia (September 19, 2024). "Trans model found dead in Georgia's capital Tbilisi". PinkNews.
- ↑ "Georgia's parliament approves law curbing LGBTQ rights". Al Jazeera.
- ↑ "Georgia: Halt legislative assault on LGBTI rights". Amnesty International. March 26, 2024.
- ↑ Freedom House (2024). "Country and Territory Ratings and Statuses, FIW 1973-2024" (XLS). Retrieved 21 December 2024.