Ɗan rago da ɗan rago

'Ɗan ragon' da ɗan rago, gabaɗaya nama na tumaki (ko Naman tumaki) yana ɗaya daga cikin nama na yau da kullun a duniya, an ɗauke shi daga tumaki na gida, Ovis aries, kuma gabaɗaya an raba shi zuwa ɗan rago. Gabaɗaya, "hogget" da "nama na tumaki" ba sa amfani da su a waje da Norway, New Zealand, Afirka ta Kudu, Scotland, da Australia. Hogget ya zama ruwan dare a Ingila, musamman a Arewa (Lancashire da Yorkshire) sau da yawa a hade da nau'ikan da ba a saba gani ba da kuma aikin gona.

A cikin abincin Kudancin Asiya da Caribbean, "mutton" sau da yawa yana nufin Naman awaki.^[1]^[2]^[3] A lokuta da wurare daban-daban, ana amfani da "mutton" ko "mutton na awaki" a wasu lokuta don nufin nama na awaki.

Ɗan rago shine mafi tsada daga cikin nau'ikan uku, kuma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an sayar da naman tumaki ne kawai a matsayin "lamb", wani lokacin yana shimfiɗa bambancin da aka yarda da shi da aka bayar a sama. Yanzu yana da wuyar samun ragon da ya fi karfi a wurare da yawa, duk da kokarin Mutton Renaissance Campaign a Burtaniya. A Ostiraliya, ana amfani da kalmar Ɗan rago na farko don nuna ɗan rago da aka haifa don nama. Sauran harsuna, kamar Faransanci, Mutanen Espanya, da Italiyanci, suna yin irin wannan ko ma da cikakkun bambance-bambance tsakanin naman tumaki ta hanyar shekaru kuma wani lokacin ta hanyar jima'i da abinci - misali, lechazo a cikin Mutanen Espanya yana nufin nama daga raguna da aka ciyar da madara (wanda ba a shayar da shi ba).

Ma'anar ɗan rago, hogget da ragon ya bambanta sosai tsakanin ƙasashe. Ƙananan raguna sun fi ƙanƙanta kuma sun fi taushi. Mutton nama ne daga tumaki sama da shekaru biyu, kuma yana da nama mai tauri. Gabaɗaya, launin duhu, dabba ta tsufa.

Burtaniya, Ostiraliya, da New Zealand

Ɗan rago: Yaron tumaki wanda bai kai shekara daya ba. Daga 1 ga Yulin 2019, ma'anar Australiya ita ce, "dabba tumaki wanda: (a) bai kai watanni 12 ba, ko (b) ba shi da hakora na dindindin a cikin lalacewa". Wannan sabon ma'anar yana nufin cewa manoman Australiya na iya tsawaita kalmar "lamb" da wata daya. Wannan ya biyo bayan irin wannan canjin ma'anar a New Zealand a cikin 2018. A Burtaniya ma'anar har yanzu ita ce "0 hakora na dindindin". An ce hakora ta dindindin "ta lalace" idan ta fito fiye da hakoran madara mafi kusa.
Hogget: Tumaki na kowanne jinsi ba tare da fiye da incisors na dindindin guda biyu a cikin lalacewa ba. Ana kuma amfani da kalmar don komawa ga nama daga dabba da aka ambata a sama. A Burtaniya, yana nufin dabbobi masu shekaru 11 zuwa 24, yayin da masu yankan nama na Australiya ke amfani da kalmar ga dabbobi masu watanni 13 zuwa 24. Har yanzu ya zama ruwan dare a cikin amfani da noma da kuma tsakanin masu yankan nama na musamman, yanzu lokaci ne mai ban sha'awa a cikin manyan kantin sayar da kayayyaki na Burtaniya, Australiya da New Zealand, inda ake kiran nama na duk tumaki da ba su kai shekara biyu ba "lamb".
Mutton: Naman mace (ewe) ko namiji (wether) tumaki da ke da fiye da incisors biyu na dindindin.

Italiya

A cikin Yaren Romanesco, 'ya'yan tumaki da har yanzu ke shayarwa ko kwanan nan ana kiransu Abbacchio, yayin da' ya'yan tumakin kusan shekara guda wanda aka riga aka yanke shi sau biyu ana kiransu agnello (Samfuri:Literally 'lamb'). ^[8] Wannan bambancin ya wanzu ne kawai a cikin yaren Romanesco.^[8] Ana cinye Abbacchio a ko'ina cikin tsakiyar Italiya a matsayin abincin Ista da Kirsimeti.^[4]^[5]^[6] Samfur ne da Tarayyar Turai ta kare tare da alamar PGI.^[7]

A ko'ina cikin tsakiyar Italiya, gami da Sardinia, kiwo shine babban tushen nama. Tun zamanin d ̄ a, Abbacchio ya kasance daya daga cikin abincin da ake amfani da shi a yankin Lazio, musamman ga al'ummomin karkara, waɗanda amfani da su a teburin ya kasance mai yawa.^[8] Al'adar cin Abbacchio ta bazu a zamanin d ̄ a inda aka yanka tumaki masu girma. An haramta yanka Abbacchio sai dai a lokacin Easter da Kirsimeti, har zuwa Yuni. A cikin ƙarni, saboda muhimmancin abinci, an haɓaka girke-girke kusan 100 don shirya ɗan rago a Lazio.^[8] Idan aka ba da muhimmancin Abbacchio a rayuwar zamantakewa, abubuwan tarihi da aka keɓe ga Abbacchio har yanzu ana shirya su a yankin Lazio a yau, watau sagre, bukukuwan ƙasa da abubuwan da suka faru.^[8] A zamanin d ̄ a, ana cin tumaki yayin aiki a cikin ƙauyuka, yayin da aka cinye Abbacchio ne kawai a lokacin bukukuwan Ista.^[8]

Kudancin Asiya

Kalmar "mutton" ana amfani da ita ga Naman awaki a yawancin ƙasashe na Kudancin Asiya, kuma yawan awaki yana ƙaruwa. Misali, ana yin curry na tumaki koyaushe daga naman awaki. An kiyasta cewa sama da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na yawan awaki ana yanka su a kowace shekara kuma ana sayar da su a matsayin ragon. Yawan tumaki na cikin gida a Indiya da yankin Indiya sun kasance suna raguwa sama da shekaru 40 kuma sun tsira a matakan da ke cikin tsaunuka, bisa ga nau'ikan tumaki na daji, kuma galibi don samar da ulu.^[9]

Amurka

Sauran nau'ikan

Ɗan rago mai shayarwa ko ɗan rago mai ba da madara: Nama daga ɗan rago marar lalacewa, yawanci makonni 4-6 da nauyin 5.5-8 kg; wannan yawanci ba ya samuwa a ƙasashe kamar Amurka da Ingila. Rashin dandano da kuma dandano na ɗan rago mai shayarwa lokacin da aka gasa shi (kamar ƙananan yan rago da aka sani da chuletillas a Spain) ko gasa shi (lechazo asado ko cordero lechal asado) galibi ana zaton ya fi na ɗan ramin rago, kuma yana da farashi mafi girma.^[10] Yankunan da ke arewacin Spain inda za'a iya samun wannan sun hada da Asturias, Cantabria, Castile da León, da La Rioja . Ana amfani da raguna masu shayarwa musamman don Ista a Girka, lokacin da aka gasa su a kan tofa.
Yaron ɗan rago: Ɗan rago mai shayarwa tsakanin makonni shida zuwa takwas
Ɗan rago na bazara: Ɗan rago, yawanci watanni uku zuwa biyar, an haife shi a ƙarshen hunturu ko farkon bazara kuma ana sayar da shi kafin 1 ga Yuli (a arewacin arewa).
Ɗan rago masu shayarwa: Kalmar da aka yi amfani da ita a Ostiraliya - ta haɗa da 'yan rago masu shayarwa, da kuma ɗan rago masu tsufa har zuwa kimanin watanni bakwai waɗanda har yanzu suna dogara da mahaifiyarsu don madara.^[11] Jiki daga waɗannan raguna yawanci suna da nauyin tsakanin 14 zuwa 30 kg. Tsoffin raguna da aka yaye waɗanda ba su riga sun girma ba don zama raguna an san su da raguna na tsohuwar kakar.
Ɗan rago mai shekara guda: ƙaramin tumaki tsakanin watanni 12 zuwa 24
Ɗan rago na Saltbush: kalma da aka yi amfani da ita a Ostiraliya don nama na Merinos masu girma waɗanda aka ba su izinin kiwo a kan tsire-tsire na atriplex
Ɗan rago mai gishiri: (Har ila yau an san shi da 'rago mai gishiri' ko kuma da sunansa na Faransanci, agneau de pré-salé) Naman tumaki wanda ke kiwo a kan gishiri a cikin bakin teku waɗanda raƙuman ruwa ke wankewa kuma suna tallafawa kewa da yawa daga cikin ciyawa da ganye masu jure gishiri, kamar samphire, sparta ciyawa, Sorrel da lavender na teku. Dangane da inda gishiri yake, yanayin tsire-tsire na iya zama daban-daban. An daɗe ana godiya da ɗan rago mai gishiri a Faransa kuma yana ƙaruwa cikin shahara a Ƙasar Ingila. Wuraren da ake kiwon ɗan rago mai gishiri a Burtaniya sun haɗa da Harlech da Gower Peninsula a Wales, Somerset Levels, Morecambe Bay da Solway Firth .
Ɗan rago mai gishiri: Wani nau'in ɗan rago na musamman ga Tsibirin Flinders (Tasmania). Gidajen da ke tsibirin suna da gishiri mai yawa, wanda ke haifar da dandano da kuma dandano mai kama da ɗan rago mai gishiri.

Kashe nama da dafa abinci

Lechazo asado (roast lamb) is a typical dish from the province of Valladolid and other Castilian provinces in Spain.
Chuletillas of milk-fed lamb in Asturias
Cooked boneless leg of lamb with potatoes and carrots, Italy
Lamb shanks of a young lamb
Mutton rogan josh from India
Lamb chuanr (Uyghur grilled lamb kebabs)
Lamb shanks cooked on an open fire in Aroab, Namibia
A plate of lamb chops from a Greek restaurant in Fort Lauderdale, Florida

Ana ɗaukar naman ɗan rago daga dabba tsakanin wata ɗaya zuwa shekara ɗaya, tare da nauyin gawa tsakanin 5.5 da 30 . Wannan nama gabaɗaya ya fi taushi fiye da na tsofaffin tumaki kuma yana bayyana sau da yawa a kan tebur a wasu Kasashen Yamma. Hogget da ragon suna da ɗanɗano mai ƙarfi fiye da ɗan rago saboda suna ƙunshe da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na nau'in nau'in kuma wasu sun fi son su. Mutton da hogget suma suna da ƙarfi fiye da ɗan rago (saboda tsufa na nama) sabili da haka sun fi dacewa da dafa abinci na casserole, kamar yadda yake a cikin Hotpot na Lancashire, alal misali.

Sau da baya ana rarraba ɗan rago zuwa nau'ikan nesa guda uku: forequarter, loin, da hindquarter. Gabatarwa ta haɗa da wuyan, kafada, kafafu na gaba, da haƙarƙari har zuwa kafada. Kayan baya ya haɗa da kafafu na baya da cinya. Longe ya haɗa da haƙarƙari tsakanin su biyu.

Ana yanka yankan ragon daga haƙarƙari, da kafadu. Kwayoyin haƙarƙari sun haɗa da ƙashin haƙarƙara; kwayar haƙarƙarin haƙarƙashiya sun haɗa da kwayar China kawai. Sau da yawa ana ɗaukar kwayar kafada ƙasa da kwayar kwayar kwaya; nau'ikan kwayar duka biyu galibi ana gasa su. Ana iya dafa ƙirjin ɗan rago (kayan jariri) a cikin tanda.

Ƙafar ɗan rago gaba ɗaya ce; gadon ɗan rago shine ƙafar biyu tare da cinya. Ana yawan gasa kafa da gadon, kodayake ana tafasa kafa a wasu lokuta.

Naman tumaki, kamar na sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa, ya haɗa da ƙarin ƙwayoyin haɗin kai fiye da wasu yankan, kuma, idan ba daga ɗan rago ba, ya fi kyau a dafa shi a hankali ta amfani da hanyar da ke da ruwa, kamar su dafa ko dafa abinci, ko ta hanyar saurin gasa ko Barbecuing na Amurka. Yana, a wasu ƙasashe, ana sayar da shi an riga an yanka shi ko an yanka.

yanke daga hannun kafada, wanda ke dauke da ƙashin kafa da wani ɓangare na ƙashin kafada, kuma an rufe shi da wani nau'i mai laushi kuma ya faɗi (mai laushi, kamar takarda).
yanke daga saman kafa.

Mutton barbeque al'ada ce a Yammacin Kentucky . Yankin yana da ƙarfi a kasuwancin ulu, wanda ya ba su tumaki masu yawa waɗanda ake buƙatar amfani da su.^[12]

Za'a iya yanka ƙananan raguna masu kitse a cikin maye gurbin naman alade da ake kira macon.

harshe ɗan rago ya shahara a cikin Abincin Gabas ta Tsakiya a matsayin Yanke sanyi da kuma shirye-shirye kamar stews.^[13] Samfuri:Better source^{[better source needed]}

Yankewa

Burtaniya, Kanada, da sauran ƙasashen Commonwealth

Kimanin yankuna na yankan ragon da aka saba amfani da su a Burtaniya:

Ƙarshen wuka (na wuyansa)
Tsakanin wuyan
Mafi Kyawun Ƙarshen (na wuyansa)
Da ke nesa
Chump (da chump chops)
Barnsley chop, babban nau'i biyu mai nisa.
Ƙafa (gigot a Scotland)
Shank
Kafartacciyar kafaɗar
ƙirji

Amurka da Ireland

Square yanke kafada - kafada roast, kafada chops da hannu chops
Rack - haƙarƙari da riblets, haƙarƙarin da aka gasa
Tsuntsaye ko gasa a nesa
Ƙafa - sirloin chops, ƙafar da aka gasa (ƙafar ɗan rago)
Wuyan wuyan wuyan
ƙirji
Shanks (kafin ko baya)
A gefen

New Zealand

^[14]^[15]

Gidan da aka yi amfani da shi
- Cutar wuyan wuyan wuyansa
- Kafarta - kafarta, kafarta (yawanci kasusuwa da mirgina)
- Ido da ya fi dacewa
- ƙirji
- Ƙuƙwalwa
Da ke nesa
- Rib-loin - racks, cutlets da aka yi wa murfi, haƙarƙari
- Tsakanin tsakiya - striploin (baya), tsinkaye
- Tenderloin
- Flap
Cikakken kafa - gurasar kafa (yana iya zama ƙasusuwa kuma a mirgine shi), ƙafar kafa. Ƙafar da aka yanke ita ce cikakkiyar kafa ba tare da ƙuƙwalwa ba; ƙafar da aka ƙusa ita ce ƙafar da ba ta da ƙuɓɓugar ƙuƙwalwar ƙuƙulwa
- Chump (rump) - chump chops, rump steak
- Kyakkyawan gefen (kashin hannu) - schnitzel
- Topside & azurfa - steaks
- Shank

Adadin samarwa da amfani

Cin naman tumaki

Dangane da OECD-FAO Aikin Gona na 2016, manyan masu amfani da naman tumaki a cikin 2015 sune kamar haka: Ba a bincika ƙasashen EU a cikin wannan jerin ba. Daga cikin kasashe na EU, Girka ita ce jagorar kowane mutum a cikin amfani a 12.3 kg, yayin da amfani da ɗan rago na shekara-shekara na Burtaniya shine 4.7 kg.^[16] A waje da OECD, mafi girma ga kowane mabukaci gabaɗaya shine Mongolia, tare da 45.1 kg.

Samar da naman tumaki

Teburin da ke ƙasa yana ba da samfurin ƙasashe masu samarwa, amma ba a ba da wasu manyan masu samarwa a cikin kewayon 50-120 kt ba.

Samar da naman tumaki (kt)
	2008	2009	2010	2011	2012
Samfuri:Left	8,415	8,354	8,229	8,348	8,470
Samfuri:Left	179	197	205	253	261
Samfuri:Left	660	635	556	513	556
Samfuri:Left	79	80	82	84	85
Samfuri:Left	1,978	2,044	2,070	2,050	2,080
Samfuri:Left	130	126	119	115	114
Samfuri:Left	38	38	38	39	36
Samfuri:Left	91	90	90	90	90
Samfuri:Left	275	286	289	293	296
Samfuri:Left	113	128	113	113	113
Samfuri:Left	170	114	90	104	126
Samfuri:Left	110	116	123	128	128
Samfuri:Left	598	478	471	465	448
Samfuri:Left	145	149	171	172	174
Samfuri:Left	156	164	167	171	173
Samfuri:Left	278	262	240	253	272
Samfuri:Left	124	128	130	130	133
Samfuri:Left	326	307	277	289	275
Samfuri:Left	81	80	76	69	72
Tushen: Helgi Library, ^[17] Bankin Duniya, FAOSTAT

Nama daga tumaki yana da kyau a cikin abinci na al'adun Bahar Rum da yawa ciki har da Girka, Croatia, Turkiyya, Arewacin Afirka, Jordan, da Gabas ta Tsakiya, da kuma a cikin abinci da Iran da Afghanistan. A Girka, alal misali, wani bangare ne na abinci da yawa da kuma bukukuwan addini kamar Easter, kamar avgolemono da magiritsa. Har ila yau, sananne ne a cikin al'adun Basque, a cikin ƙasar Basque ta Turai da kuma a cikin sassan makiyaya na Yammacin Amurka (inda makiyaya na zuriyar Basque suka kasance masu aiki tun daga shekarun 1850). A Amurka, Navajo sun haɗa tumaki da ɗan rago a cikin abincin gargajiya tun lokacin da masu binciken Mutanen Espanya da mazauna suka gabatar da tumaki a karni na 17, sun maye gurbin turkey da venison na daji kuma sun kirkiro al'adun makiyaya. A Arewacin Turai, ragon da ɗan rago suna cikin kayan gargajiya da yawa, gami da na Iceland, Norway da United Kingdom.

Mutton kuma sananne ne a Ostiraliya. Ɗan rago da ɗan rago sun shahara sosai a Asiya ta Tsakiya da kuma wasu sassan China, inda za a iya guje wa wasu jan nama saboda dalilai na addini ko tattalin arziki. Barbecued mutton kuma ƙwarewa ce a wasu yankuna na Amurka (musamman Owensboro, Kentucky) da Kanada. Koyaya, ana cin nama daga tumaki gabaɗaya ƙasa da yawa a Amurka fiye da yawancin abinci na Turai, Amurka ta Tsakiya da Asiya; alal misali, matsakaicin amfani da ɗan rago a Amurka shine kawai 400 grams (14 oz) a kowace shekara.

A Ostiraliya, ana ɗaukar ƙafar ɗan rago da aka gasa a matsayin Abincin ƙasa. Yawancin lokaci ana ba da shi a ranar Lahadi ko wani lokaci na musamman, ana iya yin shi a cikin BBQ ko tanda na al'ada. Shirye-shiryen da aka saba da shi ya haɗa da rufe ƙafar ɗan rago da man shanu, tura rassan rosemary zuwa cikin yankan da aka yanke a cikin kafa, da kuma yayyafa ganye na rosemary a saman. Ana gasa ɗan rago na tsawon sa'o'i biyu a 180 °C (356 °F) ° C (350 ° F) kuma yawanci ana ba da shi tare da karoshi da dankali (kuma an gasa shi), kayan lambu da soya.

Manazarta

↑ Charmaine O'Brien, The Penguin Food Guide to India, section "The Commons", under "Mutton", ISBN 9780143414568
↑ Madhur Jaffrey, An Invitation to Indian Cooking, ISBN 0375712119, p. 49
↑ Janet Groene, Gordon Groene, U.S. Caribbean Guide, 1998, ISBN 1883323878 p. 81
1 2 "Abbacchio Romano IGP". abbacchioromanoigp.it. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
1 2 "abbàcchio". Vocabolario – Treccani. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
1 2 "Abbacchio". La Cucina Italiana (in Turanci). 19 July 2019. Retrieved 1 November 2022.
1 2 "Abbacchio Romano IGP" (in Italiyanci). qualigeo.eu. Retrieved 7 January 2024.
1 2 3 4 5 6 "Osservatorio sulla spesa di Roma" (PDF) (in Italiyanci). Retrieved 8 January 2024.
↑ "Sheep (new, with animal welfare information) | Infonet Biovision Home". infonet-biovision.org. Archived from the original on 4 July 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
↑ "Speleogroup – sg2012". speleogroup.org.
↑ "Australian Sheep CRC". sheepcrc.org.au.
↑ "Owensboro Kentucky Mutton Barbecue".
↑ "Lebanese Recipes, Lamb Tongue Salad, oregano, pepper, salt ginger". discoverlebanon.com. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2025-07-10.
↑ "Beef + Lamb New Zealand Reference Guide" (PDF). Retrieved 10 June 2021.
↑ Nicol, Alistair; Saunders, Caroline (24 November 2008). "Lamb cuts". teara.govt.nz (in Turanci). Retrieved 10 June 2021.
↑ "2018 Red Meat Market Snapshot" (PDF). Meat and Livestock Australia. Retrieved 17 December 2018.
↑ "HelgiLibrary - Sheep Meat Production". helgilibrary.com.

[1] Charmaine O'Brien, The Penguin Food Guide to India, section "The Commons", under "Mutton", ISBN 9780143414568

[2] Madhur Jaffrey, An Invitation to Indian Cooking, ISBN 0375712119, p. 49

[3] Janet Groene, Gordon Groene, U.S. Caribbean Guide, 1998, ISBN 1883323878 p. 81

[abbacchioromanoigp-prodotto-4] 1 2 "Abbacchio Romano IGP". abbacchioromanoigp.it. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 10 June 2014.

[Treccani-5] 1 2 "abbàcchio". Vocabolario – Treccani. Retrieved 15 January 2016.

[:0-6] 1 2 "Abbacchio". La Cucina Italiana (in Turanci). 19 July 2019. Retrieved 1 November 2022.

[PGI-7] 1 2 "Abbacchio Romano IGP" (in Italiyanci). qualigeo.eu. Retrieved 7 January 2024.

[romaincampagna-8] 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Osservatorio sulla spesa di Roma" (PDF) (in Italiyanci). Retrieved 8 January 2024.

[9] "Sheep (new, with animal welfare information) | Infonet Biovision Home". infonet-biovision.org. Archived from the original on 4 July 2022. Retrieved 17 June 2022.

[10] "Speleogroup – sg2012". speleogroup.org.

[11] "Australian Sheep CRC". sheepcrc.org.au.

[KentuckyBBQ-12] "Owensboro Kentucky Mutton Barbecue".

[13] "Lebanese Recipes, Lamb Tongue Salad, oregano, pepper, salt ginger". discoverlebanon.com. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2025-07-10.

[14] "Beef + Lamb New Zealand Reference Guide" (PDF). Retrieved 10 June 2021.

[15] Nicol, Alistair; Saunders, Caroline (24 November 2008). "Lamb cuts". teara.govt.nz (in Turanci). Retrieved 10 June 2021.

[16] "2018 Red Meat Market Snapshot" (PDF). Meat and Livestock Australia. Retrieved 17 December 2018.

[Sheep_Meat_Production-17] "HelgiLibrary - Sheep Meat Production". helgilibrary.com.

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