Ƙarƙashin ƙasa
 Ƙarƙashin ƙasa | |
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| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
building material (en)  |
| Fabrication method (en) |
earthen block compresser (en) |
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 Ka duba wannan shafin domin sanin yanda zaka gyara wannan mukalar Koyon rubuta mukala  Akwai yuwar admin ya goge wannan shafin matukar ba'a inganta ta ba. |
A matsa ƙasa block (CEB), wanda aka fi sani da matsa ƙasa block ko matsa ƙasa block, wani gini ne da aka yi da farko daga wani m cakuda na m inorganic subsoil, non-expanded yumɓu, yashi, da aggregate.[1] Samar da tubalan ƙasa da aka matsa yana buƙatar raguwa, matsin lamba a matsin lamba mai girma, sannan ya bushe kayan da aka samu. Idan an daidaita tubalan tare da haɗin sinadarai kamar su Ciminti na Portland ana kiransu toshewar ƙasa mai tasowa (CSEB) ko toshewar duniya mai tasowa. Yawanci, ana amfani da kusan 3,000 pounds per square inch (21 MPa) na matsin lamba a cikin matsawa, kuma an rage girman kayan asali da kusan rabi.
Samar da CEBs ya bambanta da ƙasa mai laushi saboda ƙarshen yana amfani da tsari mafi girma wanda aka zuba ƙasa kuma aka buga shi da hannu, ƙirƙirar siffofi masu girma kamar bango gaba ɗaya ko fiye a lokaci ɗaya, maimakon tubalan gini. CEBs sun bambanta da tubalin laka saboda ba a matse su ba, amma suna ƙarfafawa ta hanyar canje-canjen sunadarai da ke faruwa yayin da suke bushewa. Ƙarfin matsawa na CEB da aka yi da kyau yawanci ya wuce na Tubali na laka. An haɓaka ƙa'idodin gini don CEB.
Ana tattara CEBs a kan ganuwar ta amfani da daidaitattun bricklaying da kuma fasahar masonry. Dutse na iya zama mai sauƙi wanda aka yi da ƙasa / yumɓu guda ɗaya ba tare da haɗuwa ba, ya bazu ko ya goge sosai tsakanin tubalan don haɗin kai, ko kuma ana iya amfani da dutsen siminti don ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ko kuma lokacin da gini a lokacin sake zagayowar daskarewa ke haifar da matsalolin kwanciyar hankali. Ana tsara tubalan hydraform don su kasance masu haɗuwa.
Ci gaba
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haɓaka fasahar CEB don gine-gine masu arha, a matsayin madadin adobe, kuma tare da wasu fa'idodi. Masana'antar kasuwanci ta ci gaba da kwangila masu kula da muhalli, masana'antun na'urorin buga takardu, da kuma karɓar al'adu na hanyar. A Amurka, yawancin masu kwangila da ke ginawa tare da CEB suna cikin jihohin Kudu maso Yamma: Mexico" id="mwJw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="New Mexico">New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, California, kuma zuwa ƙarami a Texas. An yi amfani da hanyoyin da na'urorin shekaru da yawa a Mexico, da kuma Kasashe masu tasowa. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida][ana buƙatar hujja][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2025)">citation needed</span>]
Ma'aikatar Harkokin Ruwa da dazuzzuka ta Afirka ta Kudu ta yi la'akari da cewa CEB, wanda ake kira "Brick na Dutch", fasaha ce mai dacewa ga ƙasa mai tasowa, kamar adobe, ƙasa mai tashe-tashen hankula da cob. Dukansu suna amfani da kayan gini na halitta.[2] A shekara ta 2002 Cibiyar Kula da Makamashi ta Duniya ta kasance ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka lashe lambar yabo ta Kasuwar Ci Gaban Bankin Duniya don aikin yin na'urar yin tubali ta Dutch mai amfani da makamashi don gina gida a Afirka ta Kudu. Ta hanyar yin tubali masu rahusa waɗanda ke amfani da ƙasa, aikin zai rage farashin gidaje yayin da yake motsa masana'antar gine-gine.[3] Injin zai kasance mai motsi, yana ba da damar yin tubali a cikin gida daga ƙasa.[4]
An samo sakamako mara kyau na ƙarfin matsawa na 45 MPa (6,500 psi) a cikin samfurin daya.[5] Ƙarfin na iya wuce ma'auni na ASTM don tubalan kankare (1,900 fam a kowace murabba'in inci (13,000 ) a wasu lokuta. A Indiya, an lura da ƙarfin matsawa da ƙarfin sassauci na CSEB a kwanaki 28 na tsufa tare da daidaitawar siminti 9% an lura da shi 3.2 MPa (464 psi) da 1 MPa (145 psi) bi da bi. Tare da 7% siminti da yashi ƙasa 3-4 MPa (435 - 580 psi) ƙarfin matsawa ya haifar.[6]
Kamfanin zamantakewar jama'a na Mexico Échale ya samar da gidaje 250,000, daga cikinsu 30,000 sabbin gidaje ne, a cikin jihohin Mexico 28. Échale ya yi amfani da CSEB, wanda ya kira "Ecoblock", don gina ganuwar.[1] Abubuwan duniya suna rasa ƙarfi da kwanciyar hankali yayin da suke haɗuwa da ruwa na dogon lokaci. A wasu lokuta, yana iya haifar da cikakkiyar rushewar toshewa.[2]
Haɗin tubalan da ke kulle dole ne ya kasance daidai kuma kawai ya isa ya yi zafi. Idan cakuda ya bushe sosai, zai rushe bayan an matse shi da ruwa; amma idan cakuda yana da ruwa mai yawa, ba za a iya ƙarfafa shi ba.[7] Ma'aikatan da aka horar don samarwa da gina tubalan da ke kulle suna da iyaka.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Abirami, Deiva (2025-09-01). "Earth Block Construction Reduces Housing Costs by 40% and Unlocks USD 970 Million Opportunity - NatNavi". natnavi.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-09-28.
- ↑ Abirami, Deiva (2025-09-01). "Earth Block Construction Reduces Housing Costs by 40% and Unlocks USD 970 Million Opportunity - NatNavi". natnavi.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-09-28.
- ↑ "SOUTH AFRICA: Poverty reduction winners". IRIN. 11 January 2002. Retrieved 2014-04-14.
- ↑ "Housing and Jobs for a Better Future". World Bank. 2002. Archived from the original on 2014-04-15. Retrieved 2014-04-14.
- ↑ Abirami, Deiva (2025-09-01). "Earth Block Construction Reduces Housing Costs by 40% and Unlocks USD 970 Million Opportunity - NatNavi". natnavi.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-09-28.
- ↑ Abirami, Deiva (2025-09-01). "Earth Block Construction Reduces Housing Costs by 40% and Unlocks USD 970 Million Opportunity - NatNavi". natnavi.com (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-09-28.
- ↑ Praveen Kumar, T; Vigneshvar, R (August 2014). "Development of an Innovative Interlock Blocks" (PDF). Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Technology. 1 (5): 114–118.