Ƙin makaranta
| Ƙin makaranta | |
|---|---|
| Description (en) | |
| Iri |
Matsalar damuwa phobia (en) |
| Sanadi |
bullying (en) stress (en) |
| Identifier (en) | |
| MeSH | D000098453 |
Kin zuwa makaranta shine kin zuwa makaranta da yara ke yi ko kuma wahalar kasancewa a aji na tsawon yini ɗaya. [1] Rashin zuwa makaranta da yara ke yi yana faruwa ne ta hanyar son ran yaron. Wannan hali ya bambanta da rashin zuwa makaranta da ba na yara ba, inda iyaye ke janye yara daga makaranta ko kuma ba sa iya kawo 'ya'yansu makaranta saboda yanayi kamar rashin matsuguni. [2] Kin zuwa makaranta yana da alaƙa da gujewa da/ko damuwa ta motsin rai a lokacin halartar makaranta.
Adadin rashin zuwa makaranta saboda ɗabi'ar ƙin zuwa makaranta yana bayyana ta hanyoyi daban-daban kuma ana bayyana su, ana bin diddigin su, kuma ana bayar da rahoton su daban-daban a tsakanin makarantu da gundumomin makaranta. [3] Littattafan ilimi sun kiyasta cewa ƙin zuwa makaranta yana faruwa a cikin kashi 1-2% na yawan jama'a da kuma kashi 5-15% na matasa waɗanda aka tura zuwa asibitoci. [3] [4]
Rarrabawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Halayyar ƙin makaranta tana da alaƙa da ɓangaren motsin rai da ɗabi'a. Bangaren motsin rai ya ƙunshi tsananin damuwa ta motsin rai a lokacin halartar makaranta. Bangaren ɗabi'a yana bayyana a matsayin wahalhalun zuwa makaranta. Ba a rarraba ƙin makaranta a matsayin cuta ta hanyar Littafin Bincike da Ƙididdiga na Cututtukan Hankali [DSM-5 ] ba.
Motsin Rai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Baƙin cikin motsin rai yawanci ba ya faruwa har sai da safe kafin yaron ya je makaranta, kuma sau da yawa yana tare da alamun jiki, matakin damuwa da ke nuna ya bambanta tsakanin yara. Akwai kuma komawa ga yanayin kwanciyar hankali nan take bayan yaron ya yanke shawarar kin zuwa makaranta ko kuma an kore shi daga makaranta.
Ɗabi'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Matsalolin zuwa makaranta sun haɗa da halaye daban-daban. Yawan ƙin zuwa makaranta ya samo asali ne daga rashin yarda lokaci-lokaci zuwa ƙin amincewa gaba ɗaya. Dalibai na iya rasa duk ranar, rashin kwana ɗaya, rashin aji, ko isa makare.
Kimantawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Saboda ɗabi'ar ƙin zuwa makaranta matsala ce da ke da fuskoki da yawa, babu wata hanya guda ɗaya mai inganci ta aunawa ko tantancewa don gano cutar. [1] Da farko kimantawa ta ƙunshi aunawa da kimanta adadin kwanakin da yaron ya yi rashin zuwa, ya makara, ko ya bar makaranta da wuri. Ana la'akari da rahotannin iyaye da rahotannin kai daga yaron game da damuwa ta motsin rai da kuma juriya ga halarta. [2] Kimantawar tana da nufin (1) tabbatar da cewa ɗabi'ar tana wakiltar ƙin zuwa makaranta maimakon rashin zuwa makaranta ko rashin zuwa makaranta bisa doka, (2) kimanta girman da tsananin rashin zuwa makaranta, (3) nau'in(s) da tsananin damuwar motsin rai, (4) samun bayanai game da yaron, iyali, makaranta, da al'umma waɗanda za su iya ba da gudummawa ga ɗabi'ar, da kuma (5) amfani da bayanan da aka samu don haɓaka hasashe mai aiki wanda ake amfani da shi don tsara hanyoyin shiga tsakani masu dacewa. [3] Kayan aikin da ake amfani da su don samun bayanai game da ɗabi'ar ƙin zuwa makaranta sun haɗa da tambayoyin ɗabi'a na asibiti, tambayoyin bincike, matakan rahoton kai na alamun ciki, sa ido kan kai, matakan iyaye da malamai da suka kammala na matsalolin ciki da waje, bita na tarihin halarta, da kuma nazarin aiki na tsari. [2] [1]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Kearney, Christopher A. (1996). "The Evolution and Reconciliation of Taxonomic Strategies for School Refusal Behavior". Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice. 3 (4): 339–354. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2850.1996.tb00087.x. ISSN 0969-5893.
- ↑ Dube, S. R.; Orpinas, P. (2009-04-01). "Understanding Excessive School Absenteeism as School Refusal Behavior". Children & Schools. 31 (2): 87–95. doi:10.1093/cs/31.2.87. ISSN 1532-8759.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 KEARNEY, C (March 2008). "School absenteeism and school refusal behavior in youth: A contemporary review". Clinical Psychology Review. 28 (3): 451–471. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2007.07.012. ISSN 0272-7358. PMID 17720288. S2CID 34755569.
- ↑ Egger, Helen Link; Costello, Jane E.; Angold, Adrian (July 2003). "School Refusal and Psychiatric Disorders: A Community Study". Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 42 (7): 797–807. doi:10.1097/01.chi.0000046865.56865.79. ISSN 0890-8567. PMID 12819439. S2CID 25115126.