Ƙungiyar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Ƴanci

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Ƙungiyar Ƙasa da Ƙasa ta Ƴanci
Bayanai
Iri cibiya ta koyarwa
Ƙasa Tarayyar Amurka
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira 1989

isil.org


Liberty International (tsohuwar kungiyar ta kasa da kasa ce ta 'yanci ko ISIL [1] ) kungiya ce mai zaman kanta, kungiyar ilimantarwa ta' yanci da ke Ƙasar San Francisco. Yana karfafa gwagwarmaya a cikin yanci da yanci yankuna ta hanyar 'dabarun da aka zaba cikin yardan mambobinta. Tarihinta ya faro ne daga Shekara ta 1969 a matsayin Society for Individual Liberty, wanda Don Ernsberger da Dave Walter suka kafa. Kuma a cikin shekara ta 1989 ana kiranta da suna (ISIL) bayan haɗuwa tare da Libertarian International an haɗa shi da Vincent Miller, wanda ya zama shugaban sabuwar ƙungiyar. Jim Elwood shine babban darakta na yanzu, tare da mambobin kwamitin ciki har da Mary Ruwart da Ken Schoolland. Ƙungiyar tana da membobi a cikin ƙasashe sama da guda 80.

Ayyuka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Al'umma suna daukar nauyin taron shekara-shekara wanda ya jawo hankalin masu sassaucin ra'ayi, masu sassaucin ra'ayi na gargajiya, da sauran manyan masu fada a ji daga siyasa daga Milton Friedman zuwa Shugaban Costa Rica Miguel igungel Rodríguez . [2] Hakanan yana ɗaukar nauyin nau'ikan kayan ilimi da ayyukan membobin daga gidan yanar gizonta, kuma a cikin shekarun nan sun haɗa wasu ƙungiyoyin masu sassaucin ra'ayi kamar su Laissez Faire Books da Freedom News Daily. [3]

Tarihi[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ƙungiyar 'Yanci ta Mutum[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An kafa Society for Liberty (SIL) a shekarar 1969 don Don Ernsberger da Dave Walter, wadanda suka zama daraktocin ta, bayan da aka kori masu fafutukar neman sassaucin ra'ayi ko kuma daga baya suka sauya sheka daga Matasan Amurka don 'Yanci (YAF) a lokacin da kuma bayan taron su na Shekara ta 1969 a St., Missouri. [4] A yayin taron YAF na Agustan shekara ta 1969, masu gargajiya (trads) da masu sassaucin ra'ayi (libs ko rads) sun yi gwagwarmaya don iko da ƙungiyar ɗalibai. Bangaren masu sassaucin ra'ayi ya sha kashi. A lokacin gwagwarmaya da bayan haka, arungiyar Anarcho-Libertarian Alliance, YAF Libertarian Caucus da babin ɓarna biyu na ɗalibai na ƙungiyar Demokraɗiyya (SDS) sun yi aiki tare, kuma daga ƙarshe an tsara su cikin ƙawancen haɗin kai wanda aka san shi da SIL. [5] Rikicin da ke tsakanin bangarorin ya zo karshe yayin da wani mamban kungiyar 'yan tawayen YAF ya daga katin da yake rubutawa ya kunna wuta a filin taron, wanda ya haifar da nauyin mintoci 30 na naushi, tursasawa da gaba, [6] wanda ke haifar da tsarkake membobin da yawa daga masu sassaucin ra'ayin. shugabannin, ciki har da Karl Hess, suna bugawa tawagar ta California musamman da wuya, wanda ya hada da Dana Rohrabacher, Shawn Karfe, Ron Kimberling, Rod Manis, Pat Dowd, da John Schureman, yayin da suke soke matsayin aiki na babba ashirin da shida YAF. [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]

Kafuwar SIL ana Ɗaukarta a matsayin wani lokaci mai ma'ana wanda ya shaidi “haihuwar wani motsi mai cin gashin kansa." [13] Tsarkakewa ko rudani da surori na YAF kuma mambobi suka janye daga YAF suka shiga SIL wanda ke da'awar cewa yana da mambobi guda 3,000 [14] waɗanda suka girma zuwa ɗakunan karatu Guda 103 a Ƙasashen: Amurka, "biyu a Kanada ɗaya a Sweden, Indiya da Ostiraliya" kafin shekara ta 1970 [4]

Ayyuka da Tasirin SIL[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cewar masanin tarihi Jonathan Schoenwald "duk ƙungiyoyin 'yan bautar ƙasar sun yi adawa da yakin Vietnam da kuma daftarin," [15] wanda ya fito fili ya hada da SIL. Tun daga farko, SIL ya gina kamfen a harabar don kawar da shigar da mutane, yana rubutawa a wata takarda cewa "girman wauta ne a kula da cewa yakin da ake kiyaye shi ta hanyar daftarin, hauhawar farashin kaya, da tilasta gwamnati ta hanyar tsarin haraji na iya ta kowace hanya ya zama misali ga kyakkyawan matakin hana cin hanci da rashawa. ” [16] Dangane da cancantar rarrabawa, SIL har ila yau ya zama gidan share fage ga daliban masu sassaucin ra'ayi, wadanda shugabanninsu ke son ci gaba da cin gashin kansu amma haka nan suna son "hada kai don ruguza Hagu da dama da kuma jihar." [17]

A wasu ayyukan, SIL ya fara shirin kasa don “mallake Amurka da maido mana da yanci”. [18] Sun dauki nauyin tarurrukan ilimi, suka kirkiro manyan takardu masu ɗauke da shafi guda daya, suka kirkiro Ofishin Masu Magana da 'Yanci na Libertarian, suka buga wata mujallar wata-wata don Labaran' Yanci na Mutum da kuma mujallar kowane wata Mutum, wanda Roy Childs ya shirya, ya yi aiki don gudanar da kundin tsarin mulki a manyan jami'o'i, da littattafan da aka buga, gami da A Liberty Primer na W. Alan Burris a Shekara ta 1979. A cikin shekara ta 1971 SIL ta ƙaddamar da wani shiri mai fasali uku, wanda ya haɗa da “The Draft - Keep It Dead,” “ [19] [20]

Ɗaya daga cikin sanannun shugabanni da ayyukan SIL ya shafa shine David Nolan, babban mai shirya bayan kafa Jam'iyyar Libertarian Party a Amurka. Nolan ya kasance tare da SIL a matsayin shugaban harabar jami'a, kuma da farko ya bayyana sigar ta Nolan Chart ta yanzu a cikin wata kasida mai suna "Rarrabawa da Nazarin Tsarin Siyasa da Tattalin Arziki" a cikin fitowar mutum ɗaya ta SIL ta Shekara ta 1971. Ed Clark, dan takarar shugabancin Amurka na shekara ta 1980, ya tsunduma cikin harkar sassaucin ra'ayi ta hanyar halartar taron SIL a Birnin New York. [10]

Bayan haka[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ɗaya daga cikin manyan dalilan haɗewar SIL a cikin tƙungiyar 'Yanci ta ƙasashen Duniya (ISIL) a cikin shekara ta 1989 shi ne ficewar Don Ernsberger daga ayyukan SIL don zama mataimakin shugaban ma'aikata na ɗan majalisa Dana Rohrabacher. Bayan aikinsa a matsayin ma'aikacin majalisa, ya kwashe shekaru da yawa yana rubuta littattafan yakin basasa da kuma kusan shekaru 40 a matsayin babban malamin makaranta da kwaleji. Dave Walter ya shiga cikin Jam’iyyar Libertarian, inda ya hau kujerar shugaban kasa daga Shekara ta 1988 - 1991.

[21]

ISIL Zamani[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

ISIL ta mallaki Laissez Faire Books (LFB) a cikin Nuwamban shekara ta 2007.

An shirya kungiyar ISIL a matsayin kungiyar ba da bangaranci, ba da kai wa ga biyan haraji da kungiyar ilimantarwa, wacce a matsayinta na babbar ƙungiya, ta wakilci ƙungiyoyi da mambobi daban-daban a cikin kasashe Guda 80. [22] A tsawon shekarun kungiyar ISIL, Jarret Wollstein ya rubuta takardu daban-daban na ilimi guda 38, inda aka kiyasta cewa an raba kwafi sama da miliyan 5. [23] Da yawa daga ƙasidun an fassara su zuwa cikin harsunan waje da yawa. Sun kuma fassara littattafai da dama a cikin yare daban-daban kamar su Ken Schoolland's The Adventures of Jonathan Gullible: A Free Market Odyssey, Ayn Rand ’s Anthem, Karl Hess ’s Capitalism for Kids, Frances Kendall's Super Parents Super Children da Mary Ruwart ’s s Warkar da Duniyarmu.

Bayanin ISIL game da Ƙa'idoji sune kamar haka:

Ƙungiyar forasa ta Duniya don erancin Mutum ɗaya ƙungiya ce ta mutane da ƙungiyoyi waɗanda aka keɓe don gina duniya mai 'yanci da zaman lafiya, mutunta' yanci da kowa, da kuma tsarin tattalin arziki mai buɗewa da gasa bisa musayar son rai da kasuwanci mara shinge. [24]

A cikin shekara ta 2016, kungiyar ISIL ta sake tsari kuma aka sauya mata suna zuwa Liberty International tare da Jim Elwood a matsayin babban darakta.

Duba kuma[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Shafin 'yanci

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ "Who are we?" Archived 2019-11-17 at the Wayback Machine, Liberty International official site
  2. ↑ A Trip to Costa Rica -- COSTA RICA — PRE-CONFERENCE TOURING, Ben Best, benbst.com
  3. ↑ "Freedom News Daily". Archived from the original on 2008-08-27. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Rebecca E. Klatch, A Generation Divided: The New Left, the New Right and the 1960s, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, University of California Press, 1999, p. 235
  5. ↑ Rebecca E. Klatch, A Generation Divided: The New Left, the New Right and the 1960s, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, University of California Press, 1999, p. 231
  6. ↑ Jerome Tuccille, It Usually Begins with Ayn Rand, San Francisco, CA, Cobden Press, 1971, p. 104
  7. ↑ Rebecca E. Klatch, A Generation Divided: The New Left, the New Right and the 1960s, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, University of California Press, 1999, p. 233.
  8. ↑ John L. Kelly, Bringing the Market Back In: The Political Revitalization of Market Liberalism, New York: NY, New York University Press, 1997, p. 103
  9. ↑ Rebecca E. Klatch, A Generation Divided: The New Left, the New Right and the 1960s, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, University of California Press, 1999, p.364 n91
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 John L. Kelly, Bringing the Market Back In: The Political Revitalization of Market Liberalism, New York: NY, New York University Press, 1997, p. 91
  11. ↑ Roy A. Childs, Jr., “An Open Letter to Ayn Rand: Objectivism and the State,” SRI’s The Rational Individualist, August 1969
  12. ↑ Mark Frazier, “Anarchism: Revolutionizing the Right,” Harvard Crimson, March 12, 1971, p. 5
  13. ↑ Rebecca E. Klatch, A Generation Divided: The New Left, the New Right and the 1960s, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, University of California Press, 1999, p. 12
  14. ↑ Gregory L. Schneider, Cadres for Conservatism: Young Americans for Freedom and the Rise of the Contemporary Right, New York and London, New York University Press, 1999, p. 136
  15. ↑ Marc Jason Gilbert, edit., The Vietnam War on Campus: Other Voices, More Distant Drums, Westport: CT, Praeger Publishers, 2001, chap. 1, Jonathan Schoenwald, “No War, No Welfare, and No Damn Taxation: The Student Libertarian Movement, 1968-1972,” p. 32
  16. ↑ Lige Petersen, “America and Asia,” Society for Individual Liberty, n.d. in “SIL,” Williamson Evers Papers, Box 36 folder, Hoover Institution archives
  17. ↑ Marc Jason Gilbert, edit., The Vietnam War on Campus: Other Voices, More Distant Drums, Westport: CT, Praeger Publishers, 2001, chap. 1, Jonathan Schoenwald, “No War, No Welfare, and No Damn Taxation: The Student Libertarian Movement, 1968-1972,” p. 37
  18. ↑ ”SRI and the Libertarian Caucus Merge!” The Rationalist Individualist 1, no. 11, September 1969, p. 19
  19. ↑ “‘No War, No Welfare and No Damn Taxation’ Spring Offensive,” SIL News 2, no. 3, March 1971 and “SIL National Plans,” SIL News 2, no. 7, August 1971
  20. ↑ Marc Jason Gilbert, edit., The Vietnam War on Campus: Other Voices, More Distant Drums, Westport: CT, Praeger Publishers, 2001, chap. 1, Jonathan Schoenwald, “No War, No Welfare, and No Damn Taxation: The Student Libertarian Movement, 1968-1972,” p. 39
  21. ↑ Richard Winger, “Founder of Libertarian International Dies,” Ballot Access News, June 29, 2008
  22. ↑ Tim Star, “Tim Starr's tribute to Vince Miller,” WendyMcElroy.com, July 1, 2008
  23. ↑ Joseph Bast, “Vince Miller, RIP,” Heartland Institute, June 29, 2008
  24. ↑ ISIL Freedom Network News, June/July 1994

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