Ƙungiyar neman 'Yancin ta Afar
 Ƙungiyar neman 'Yancin ta Afar | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Iri | jam'iyyar siyasa |
| Ƙasa | Habasha |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | 1976 |
The Afar Liberation Front (ALF) jam'iyyar siyasa ce ta Afar kuma tsohuwar ƙungiyar masu fafutuka a Habasha. [1] Ta yaki gwamnatin gurguzu ta Dergi da jamhuriyar dimokuraɗiyyar ƙasar Habasha daga shekarun 1975 zuwa 1991. Bayan yakin basasar Habasha ya kare a shekarar 1991, ALF ta ci gaba da inganta muradun 'yan ƙabilar Afar a ƙasar cikin lumana. [2]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A watan Yunin 1975, Dergi ya yi yunkurin kama Sarkin Afara, Ras Alimirah Hanfadhe, matakin da ya kai ga kazamin faɗa a Asayita, gidan Ras Alimirah, wanda ya yi sanadin kashe sojojin Dergi da masu biyayya ga 'yan ƙabilar Afar ko kuma suka jikkata, ya kuma tura Sarkin Musulmi da ɗansa Hanfadhe Alimirah suka tsere daga Habasha. Bayan tafiyarsu ‘yan ƙabilar Afar sun tayar da ƙayar baya, inda suka kona gonakin Tendaho tare da kashe wasu da dama daga cikin waɗanda ba ‘yan ƙabilar Afar ba a yankin Asayita, tare da rufe babbar hanyar da ta haɗa tashar ruwan Bahar Maliya ta Assab da sauran sassan ƙasar, lamarin da ya kawo cikas ga tattalin arzikin ƙasar Habasha. An raba man fetur a babban birnin ƙasar, Addis Ababa, a karon farko. Dergi ya mayar da martani da murkushe Asayita, tare da kashe mutanen Afar da ba su ji ba ba su gani ba ba gaira ba dalili. Duk da wannan mummunan martani, Ras Alimirah da ɗansa sun kasance suna kallon abubuwan da ke faruwa a Habasha, kuma sun shirya hakan ta hanyar tura ɗalibai da yawa a asirce zuwa Somaliya don horar da yaƙin tawaye. A lokacin da Sarkin Musulmi ya gudu daga Habasha, waɗannan mabiyan da aka horar sun zama ginshikin kungiyar 'yantar da 'yantar da yankin Afar, waɗanda suka jagoranci yakin da 'yan ƙabilar Afar suka yi da Dergi.[3]
Ba ‘yan ƙabilar Afar ba ne kaɗai suka yi tawaye ga gwamnatin Dergi, kuma rikicin ƙabilanci da ya ɓarke ya sa Derg ta mayar da martani ta hanyar sanar da shirin juyin juya halin Dimokuraɗiyya na ƙasa a watan Afrilun 1976. Wannan zai amince da hakkokin ƙabilun da suka sha wahala a ƙarƙashin mulkin Haile Sellassie, kuma da fatan za a warware "tambayar ƙasa" gaba ɗaya. A cikin watan Afrilun shekara mai zuwa ne Dergi ya gana da wakilan kungiyar 'yantar da 'yantar da 'yanci ta 'yan ƙabilar Afar (ANLM) a garin Gewane a wani taron 'yan ƙabilar Afar. Bayan haka an naɗa mambobin ANLM da dama zuwa muƙaman gudanarwa na cikin gida, wanda ya raunana duka ayyukan soja na ALF da tasirin siyasa a tsakanin 'yan ƙabilar Afar.[4]
Bayan faɗuwar mulkin dergi, Ras Alimirah Hanfadhe ya koma Asaita tare da ɗansa. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, ALF ta sami damar zaɓar membobinta zuwa Shugabancin sabon yankin Afar, na farko Habib Alimirah, sannan Alimirah Hanfadhe. Sai dai kuma jam'iyyar EPRDF ta Habasha ba ta ji daɗin kawancen da ta yi da ALF ba saboda akidarta na 'yan mazan jiya, da yadda ALF ke kashe makudan kudade a kasafin kuɗin yankin, da tagomashin da ba a ɓoye ga yankin Aussa don bunƙasa tattalin arziki, da kuma makircin 'yan uwa daban-daban na gidan Alimirah da 'yan wasan yankin. (Sarah Vaughan ta lura cewa, "a rikicin Ethio-Eritrea ya ɓarke, an ba da rahoton cewa ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yan sarkin ya goyi bayan 'yan Eritrea, wani kuma na Habasha."[5] kujeru a majalisar wakilai daga jam'iyyar ALF a babban zaɓen shekarar 1995. [5]
Bayan kammala zaɓen ne a ranar 8 ga watan Nuwamban shekarar 1995 sojojin EPRDF suka kewaye gidansu da ke Assayita, sannan bayan sun yi musayar wuta sun yi galaba a kan masu gadin Alimirah, inda suka shiga gidan, inda suka kwace makamai da sauran kayayyaki. A cewar masu lura da al'amura, wannan mataki da aka ɗauka kan Sultan da ALF wani yunkuri ne na rage tasirinsa a yankin Afar. Duk da kokarin da ƙungiyar ta EPRDF ke yi na mayar da ƙungiyar a ƙarƙashin ta, an ce ALF ta ci gaba da zaman kanta.[6]
An bayar da rahoton cewa, a ƙarshen rabin shekarar 1999 ALF da APDO sun haɗe da wasu jam'iyyun siyasar kasar guda uku - Afar National Liberation Front, Afar Revolutionary Democratic Unity Front da Afar National Democratic Movement - don kafa sabuwar jam'iyya mai suna Afar National Democratic Party. Duk da wannan sanarwar, gidan rediyon Habasha ya ruwaito a ranar 25 ga watan Satumban shekarar 2000 cewa, shugaban kungiyar ALF, Sultan Alimireh Hanfareh, ya dawo daga gudun hijira inda ya gana da firaminista Meles Zenawi, domin tattauna batutuwan siyasa, tattalin arziki da zamantakewa da suka shafi yankin Afar.[7]
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Tawayen Afar
- Tawayen Afar Na Biyu
- Afar Democratic State
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Ethiopia: Afar Groups, Ethiopia - A Country Study website". Retrieved 19 October 2009.
- ↑ "Q&A: Ethiopia's Afar region". BBC News. 18 January 2012.
- ↑ Kassim Shehim, "Ethiopia, Revolution, and the Question of Nationalities: The Case of the Afar", Journal of Modern African Studies, 23 (1985), p. 343
- ↑ Kassim Shehim, "Ethiopia, Revolution, and the Question of Nationalities", p. 346
- 1 2 Sarah Vaughan, "Ethnicity and Power in Ethiopia" Archived 2011-08-13 at the Wayback Machine (University of Edinburgh: Ph.D. Thesis, 2003), p. 213
- ↑ "EPRDF Troops Stormed Ali Mirah's Residence", Ethiopian Review, vol. 6 issue 1 (31 January 1996), p. 10 (accessed 15 August 2009 from Ethnic NewsWatch, Document ID: 494389831)
- ↑ Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Ethiopia: Afar Liberation Front (ALF); role played within the Ethiopian government; number of current members of parliament; treatment of members and members' family by authorities, 21 October 2002, ETH39452.E (accessed 19 October 2009)