1790 Girgizar kasa ta Oran
 1790 Girgizar kasa ta Oran | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| girgizar ƙasa | ||||
| Bayanai | ||||
| Ƙasa | Aljeriya | |||
| Kwanan wata | 10 Oktoba 1790 | |||
| Wuri | ||||
| ||||
Girgizar kasa ta 1790 ta Oran ta faru ne a ranar 10 ga Oktoba, ta faru a kusa da birnin Oran a Aljeriya. girgizar ƙasa tana da ƙididdigar matsakaicin Ƙarfin girgizar ƙasa na VIII-X a kan sikelin macroseismic na Turai (EMS-98). An kiyasta mutane 3,000 ne suka mutu a lokacin girgizar kasa da Tsunami da ke tattare da ita.[1] girmansa wannan girgizar kasa an yi jayayya tsakanin membobin filin paleoseismology, tare da kimantawa daga 7.5 zuwa ma ƙarami kamar 5.5.
Tasirin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Da farko a ranar 8 ga Oktoba, jerin girgizar ƙasa mai ƙarfi waɗanda aka ji har zuwa Spain da Malta sun girgiza birnin da aka ci nasara. Mazauna Granada, Cartagena, Málaga, da Santa Fe sun ji girgizar ƙasa. An ji tashin hankali a Oran har zuwa 25 ga Oktoba. Babban lalacewa ya faru a Oran, tare da yawancin birni na tarihi ya lalace. Rahotanni na lalacewa sun fito ne daga Carthage, Tunisiya, da Spain a fadin Bahar Rum.[1]
A safiyar 10 ga Oktoba, da karfe 01:15 na lokacin gida, mafi yawan tashin hankali ya rushe gidaje da yawa a Oran zuwa ƙasa, ya kama mutane 1,000. Rikicin da yawa ya faru bayan haka, wanda ya haifar da lalacewa da kashe mutane da yawa. An haifar da Rushewar ƙasa, inda aka zubar da tarkace a cikin birni. Gine-gine na zamani, da kuma kagara a cikin birni sun kasance ba tare da lalacewa ba bayan girgizar, kuma ba a bayar da rahoton lalacewa a waje da Oran ba.[2]
A cewar Gazeta de Madrid, sama da sojoji 250 sun kasance daga cikin 3,000 da aka kashe, yayin da wasu kafofin suka nuna har zuwa 600 suka mutu.[3] Wani alcazaba ya ci gaba sosai, ya kashe wani kwamandan janar da 'yarsa. An kashe manyan jami'an soja da yawa ta hanyar rushewar gine-gine.[3] Akalla fursunoni 86, da jami'an kurkuku 23 sun mutu lokacin da kurkuku ya rushe. Rabin mutanen da ke cikin fursunoni sun tsere.[4]
Saboda titunan birni sun kasance masu ƙunci, mutane da yawa da suka tsira sun taru a wani fili bayan girgizar ƙasa. An yi fashi da kayansu a cikin garin da aka rushe. A mayar da martani, hukumomin mulkin mallaka sun sanar da hukuncin kisa ga duk wanda aka kama. An ba da taimako ga waɗanda suka tsira mako guda bayan haka, wanda ya haɗa da alfarwa, abinci, da taimakon likita. Charles IV na Spain ne ya nada gwamnan Oran don rubuta rahoto game da girgizar kasa bayan 'yan kwanaki.[3] Lalacewar Oran da makwabciyar Mazalquivir sun kasance masu tsanani sosai har Daular Mutanen Espanya ta bar biranen a cikin 1792 saboda ayyukan gyara ba su da kyau. Yawancin mazaunan Mutanen Espanya a Aljeriya sun sake zama a Ceuta.[5]
Tsunami
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Wani sanannen Tsunami ya haifar a lokacin girgizar kasa, kuma mutane da yawa a bakin tekun sun shaida shi. An jefa ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa a cikin jirage lokacin da raƙuman ruwa masu ƙarfi suka buge. Mazauna da yawa sun gudu daga bakin tekun yayin da tsunami ke gabatowa. Raƙuman ruwa sun mamaye bakin tekun Arewacin Afirka, amma ba a bayar da rahoton tashin hankali na teku a Maroko ba.[6] An kwashe jiragen ruwa daga tashar jiragen ruwa kuma an cire su. Ƙananan raƙuman ruwa sun kuma buge Yankin Iberian a Almeria da Cartagena, inda a cikin wuri na ƙarshe, matakin teku ya tashi har zuwa ƙafa 6.
Yanayin tectonic
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Al'ummar Aljeriya tana kusa da iyakar farantin da ba a bayyana ba wanda ke raba Farantin Afirka daga Farantin Eurasia.[7] Farantin da ke haɗuwa sun haifar da yanki na matsa lamba a arewacin Aljeriya, wanda aka karɓa ta hanyar turawa da juyawa a bakin teku da cikin ƙasa. Tsanani na strata saboda matsawa ya kafa Dutsen Atlas a Aljeriya da Morocco. Yanayin tectonic na Aljeriya ya kuma sa kasar ta kasance mai saukin kamuwa da manyan abubuwan girgizar kasa masu kisa tare da girman sama da 6.0. Har ila yau, kuskuren turawa na bakin teku yana haifar da barazanar Tsunami ga bakin tekun Aljeriya a lokacin manyan girgizar ƙasa.[8]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 "Significant Earthquake Information". ngdc.noaa.gov. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
- ↑ Redouane Chimouni; Assia Harbi; Mohamed Salah Boughacha; Mouloud Hamidatou; Radia Kherchouche; Amal Sebaï (2018). "The 1790 Oran Earthquake, a Seismic Event in Times of Conflict along the Algerian Coast: A Critical Review from Western and Local Source Materials". Seismological Research Letters. 89 (6): 2392–2403. Bibcode:2018SeiRL..89.2392C. doi:10.1785/0220180175. S2CID 134010088.
- 1 2 3 "MAYO: EL TERREMOTO DE ORÁN DE 1790 Y EL LARGO VIAJE DE LOS DOCUMENTOS" [MAY: THE ORAN EARTHQUAKE OF 1790 AND THE LONG JOURNEY OF THE DOCUMENTS]. Ayuntamiento de Elche (in Spanish). 2 May 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2021.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Elche" defined multiple times with different content. - ↑ Paco Almanzor (9 October 2016). "El terremoto de Orán de octubre de 1790" [The Oran earthquake of October 1790]. La Qverna. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
- ↑ "EL TERREMOTO DE ORÁN DE 1790 Y EL FIN DE LA PRESENCIA ESPAÑOLA EN ARGELIA" [THE ORAN EARTHQUAKE OF 1790 AND THE END OF THE SPANISH PRESENCE IN ALGERIA.]. HISTORIAS DE ALBORÁN. 1 June 2021. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
- ↑ "Tsunami Event Information Tsunami Event Information". ngdc.noaa.gov. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 10 October 2021.
- ↑ A. Leprêtre; F. Klingelhoefer; D. Graindorge; P. Schnurle; M. O. Beslier; K. Yelles; J. Déverchère; R. Bracene (2013). "Multiphased tectonic evolution of the Central Algerian margin from combined wide-angle and reflection seismic data off Tipaza, Algeria". Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 118 (8): 3899–3916. Bibcode:2013JGRB..118.3899L. doi:10.1002/jgrb.50318. S2CID 53588905.
- ↑ Abdelkarim Yelles-Chaouche; Abdelaziz Kherroubi (2017). Hamoud Beldjoudi (ed.). "The large Algerian earthquakes (267 A.D.-2017)". Física de la tierra. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. 29. doi:10.5209/FITE.57617. ISSN 1988-2440.