2025 Hadarin madatsar ruwan Sin-Metals Leach Zambia
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| Iri | aukuwa | |||
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| Kwanan watan | 2025 | |||
Babban bala'in muhalli ya fara ne a ranar 18 ga watan Fabrairu, A shekara ta 2025, lokacin da wani madatsar ruwa ta taruwa ya ruguje a wani ma'adinan jan ƙarfe mallakar wani kamfani mallakar gwamnatin China a arewacin Zambia, wanda ya haifar da asarar kimanin 50 million litres (13×106 US gal) na sharar mai guba da kuma guba mai yawa a cikin yanayin halittu na Kogin Kafue . Gurɓatar ta yi mummunan tasiri ga rayuwar ruwa, wadatar ruwa, da ayyukan noma a gefen kogin, wanda ke aiki a matsayin tushen ruwa mai mahimmanci ga kusan kashi 60% na al'ummar ƙasar Zambia.
Bayani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Cibiyar Injiniya ta Zambia ta bayyana Kogin Kafue a matsayin mafi mahimmancin hanyar ruwa a Zambia, wadda take gudana sama da 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) ta cikin ƙasar. Yana cikin muhimmin yankin kogin Kafue inda kimanin mutane miliyan 12 daga cikin 'yan ƙasar Zambia miliyan 20 ke zaune, ko kuma kusan kashi 60% na yawan jama'a. Kogin yana samar da ruwan sha ga kimanin mutane miliyan biyar, ciki har da mazauna Lusaka, babban birnin ƙasar. Kogin kuma yana tallafawa ayyukan kamun kifi da ban ruwa na noma ga manoma, yayin da yake samar da ruwa ga ayyukan masana'antu.
Lardin Copperbelt da ke arewacin Zambia yana karbar bakuncin ayyukan haƙar ma'adinai da dama, inda kamfanonin China ke da rinjaye a masana'antar haƙar tagulla . Zambia tana cikin manyan masu samar da tagulla goma a duniya. Masu suka sun zargi ma'adinan tagulla mallakar kamfanin China da yin watsi da ƙa'idojin tsaro, aiki, da muhalli a ƙoƙarinsu na sarrafa samar da tagulla a ƙasar Zambia. Zambia tana da alaƙa mai mahimmanci da China, gami da basussukan da suka kai sama da dala biliyan 4 ga China waɗanda suka buƙaci sake fasalin ƙasar bayan Zambia ta kasa biyan diyya a shekarar 2020.
Matsalar madatsar ruwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ranar 18 ga Fabrairu, 2025, wani ginin hana shara a cibiyar haƙar ma'adinai ta Sino-Metals Leach Zambia ya lalace cikin mummunan yanayi . [1] Masu bincike na Cibiyar Injiniya ta Zambia sun gano cewa wani madatsar ruwa, wanda aka tsara don adana sharar haƙar ma'adinai, ya ruguje. Matsalar ginin ta haifar da kusan 50 thousand cubic metres (13×106 US gal) na wani abu mai guba mai ɗauke da sinadarin acid mai yawa da kuma narkar da abubuwa masu ƙarfi. [2]
Gurɓataccen ruwan ya kwarara zuwa Kogin Kafue ta hanyar magudanar ruwansa, Kogin Mwambashi . [1] Cikin sa'o'i bayan malalar, tasirin muhalli ya bayyana yayin da halittun ruwa suka fara mutuwa a duk faɗin hanyar ruwan da abin ya shafa. [2] [1] Shaidu da ke zaune a gefen kogin sun ba da rahoton cewa kogin da a da yake "mai ƙarfi da rai" ya bayyana "ya mutu cikin dare ɗaya," tare da mutuwar kifaye da ɓacewar tsuntsayen da ke faruwa kusan nan da nan bayan gazawar madatsar ruwa. [2]
Tasiri
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]muhalli
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Zubewar ta haifar da mummunar lalacewar muhalli wadda aka lura da aƙalla 100 kilometres (62 mi) ƙasa daga wurin hakar ma'adinai. An bayar da rahoton mace-mace mai yawa na kifaye, tare da gawawwakin samfuran da ke kwarara a kan gaɓar kogi, da kuma ɓacewar tsuntsaye daga wuraren da ke "bunƙasa" a da. [1] An lalata amfanin gonakin noma a gefen kogin yayin da sharar haƙar ma'adinai ta shiga cikin ƙasa, wanda hakan zai iya gurɓata ma'ajiyar ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa . [2] Yawan fallasa yanayin halittu ga sharar haƙar ma'adinai na tsawon lokaci ya haifar da damuwa game da lalacewar yanayin halittu na dogon lokaci da kuma tarin ƙarfe masu nauyi. [2] [1] Mai fafutukar kare muhalli Chilekwa Mumba ta bayyana lamarin a matsayin "bala'i mai haɗari ga muhalli." [2] [1]
Jama'a
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Gurɓatar ta haifar da mummunar illa ga al'ummomin da ke dogaro da Kogin Kafue. An tilasta wa hukumomi rufe hanyoyin samar da ruwan sha ga Kitwe gaba ɗaya, birni mai mazauna kimanin 700,000 da ke kusa da ma'adinan.
An lalata gonakin goro da masara na matsugunan yankin da ke gefen kogin. Filayen noma na manoman da ke gefen kogin sun gurɓata, an ruwaito cewa an lalata amfanin gona da dama gaba ɗaya kimanin watanni biyu kafin lokacin girbi. [3]
A ranar 6 ga Agusta 2025, Ofishin Jakadancin Amurka ya umarci dukkan ma'aikatan gwamnatin Amurka da su bar yankunan da bala'in ya shafa a watan Fabrairu, saboda ci gaba da gurɓatawa da kuma yiwuwar fuskantar haɗarin iska. [4]
Martani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Martanin Zambia
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Shugaban ƙasar Zambia Hakainde Hichilema ya bayyana lamarin a matsayin wani rikici kuma ya nemi taimakon ƙwararru wajen rage gurɓatar da kuma tasirinta ga jama'a. An tura rundunar sojin sama ta Zambia don fitar da ɗaruruwan tan na lemun tsami a cikin kogin don magance gurɓatar da ke haifar da acid, tare da taimakon jiragen ruwa masu sauri waɗanda ke shafa lemun tsami a gefen kogin. Kakakin gwamnatin Zambia Cornelius Mweetwa ya sanar da cewa kamfanin Sino-Metals Leach Zambia zai biya duk ayyukan tsaftacewa, inda hukumomi suka ba da umarnin dakatar da ayyukan a ma'adinan da ke da alhakin. [5]
Ma'aikatar Raya Ruwa da Tsafta ta Zambia ta fitar da sanarwa tana amincewa da "mummunan sakamako" na malalar, tare da damuwa musamman game da gurɓatar ruwan ƙasa yayin da abubuwa masu guba ke shiga ƙasa ko ƙaura zuwa sabbin yankuna. Injiniyan muhalli Mweene Himwinga, wanda ya halarci tarurrukan da ke magance bala'in, ya bayyana takaici game da sakacin da masu zuba jari na ƙasashen waje da yawa ke yi game da kiyaye muhalli. [1] Ma'aikatar Kamun Kifi da Dabbobi ta Zambia ta fitar da wata shawara ta jama'a a ranar 23 ga Fabrairu, tana umurtar mazauna yankin da su guji cin duk wani rai na ruwa a Kogin Kafue ko wasu hanyoyin ruwa a cikin kwarin. [3]
A watan Satumba na shekarar 2025, wata kungiya da ta kunshi manoma 176 ta shigar da kara a kan kamfanonin hakar ma'adinai da dama da ke da alaƙa da China kan dala biliyan 80 saboda barnar da malalar ta yi a fannin noma. [6]
Martanin kasar Sin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Zhang Peiwen, shugaban kamfanin Sino-Metals Leach Zambia, ya yi taro da ministocin gwamnatin Zambia bayan afkuwar lamarin. A cewar wani bayani da kamfanin ya fitar, Zhang ya nemi afuwa game da zubar da sharar kuma ya amince da cewa bala'in ya "jawo babbar fargaba ga kamfanin Sino-Metals Leach da masana'antar hakar ma'adinai". Ya yi alƙawarin cewa kamfanin zai "yi duk mai yiwuwa" don kare da kuma dawo da yanayin kogin da wuri-wuri. Kamfanin ya buƙaci yarjejeniyar rashin bayyana bayanai don neman diyya. [7]
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Manazarta i
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Kille, Richard; Zimba, Jacob (15 March 2025). "River 'dies' after 50 million litres of acidic waste spill into it". The Independent (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 15 March 2025. Retrieved 15 March 2025. Cite error: Invalid
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<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named ":0". - 1 2 "Acid spill devastates Zambia's Kafue River". Africanews (in Turanci). 15 March 2025. Archived from the original on 16 March 2025. Retrieved 15 March 2025.
- ↑ "6 months after toxic mine spill in northern Zambia, US Embassy orders personnel out of the area". AP News. 6 August 2025.
- ↑ Chisalu, Philip (11 March 2025). "A study will be undertaken to inform Kafue River cleanup – Mposha". Zambia: News Diggers! (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 11 March 2025. Retrieved 15 March 2025.
- ↑ "Chinese-linked mining firms in Zambia sued by Copperbelt farmers over 'ecological catastrophe'". BBC (in Turanci). 2025-09-16. Retrieved 2025-09-22.
- ↑ Bariyo, Nicholas (2025-10-28). "China Pushes to Silence Victims of African Mining Disaster". The Wall Street Journal (in Turanci). Retrieved 2025-10-30.