5 Girma
 5 Girma | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Iri |
environmental organization (en)  da nonprofit organization (en) |
| Masana'anta |
environment (en) |
| Ƙasa | Tarayyar Amurka |
| Mulki | |
| Hedkwata |
Santa Monica (mul) |
| Tsari a hukumance |
501(c)(3) organization (en) |
| Financial data | |
| Assets | 1,178,484 $ (2022) |
| Haraji | 1,053,133 $ (2022) |
| Tarihi | |
| Ƙirƙira | 2009 |
    | |
Cibiyar 5 Gyres kungiya ce mai zaman kanta ta 501 (c) (3) wacce ke mai da hankali kan rage gurɓataccen filastik [1] ta hanyar mai da hankali ga bincike na farko. Shirye-shiryen suna mai da hankali kan kimiyya, ilimi da kasada (bincike na bincike ga 'yan ƙasa-masana kimiyya). Tun daga shekara ta 2017, 5 Gyres ya kasance a matsayin mai ba da shawara na musamman tare da Majalisar Tattalin Arziki da Jama'a ta Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. An gabatar da aikin kungiyar na 2015 a cikin shirin fim na 2017 "Smog of the Sea," wanda Jack Johnson ya samar, wanda ya shiga cikin tafiyar.
Sunan kungiyoyi yana nuni ne ga manyan gires guda biyar na subtropical dukansu suna da gurɓataccen filastik.[2]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]5 Gyres ta kafa ta Anna Cummins da Marcus Eriksen. Eriksen da Cummins sun kasance masu magana a jami'o'i [3] da kuma a cikin labaran labarai. Anna Cummins kuma an ba ta lambar yabo ta Golden Goody, a lokacin taron Los Angeles na USNC don Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta farko ta shekara-shekara. Kafin kafa 5 Gyres, Cummins da Eriksen sun yi aiki a Algalita Marine Research Foundation, tare da wanda ya kafa Charles J. Moore, wanda a halin yanzu mai ba da shawara ne na kimiyya ga 5 Gyros.[4]
5 Gyres na ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi biyu da suka aika da Expeditions don bincika Babban Gishiri na Pacific . 5 Gyres sun gabatar da sakamakon su a Aquarium of the Pacific kuma an ambaci su a matsayin tushen kimanta girman gyres. [5] 5 Gyres ya bayyana ayyukansu a watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo na National Aquarium, an nuna su a shafin yanar gizon Two Oceans Aquarium, kuma sun shirya shawarwari kan yadda za a rage amfani da filastik.[6][7] 5 Gyres ya kuma yi aiki tare da mai zane-zane na muhalli Marina DeBris a cikin amfani da trashion don taimakawa wajen wayar da kan jama'a game da sharar teku. [8]
5 Gyres ita ce ƙungiya ta farko da ta bincika gurɓataccen filastik a cikin manyan gires guda biyar [9] kuma ta farko don ƙayyade yawan filastik da ke saman tekun duniya: Kusan tan 270,000 da ɓangarori tiriliyan 5.25. Sun buga wannan binciken a matsayin Global Estimate of Plastic Pollution a cikin 2014, wanda zai sake sabuntawa a cikin 2018.[10] A tarihi, kungiyar ta gabatar da nune-nunen tafiye-tafiye, gami da tsayawa a jami'o'i da tattaunawar ilimi; [11] a cikin 2016 gabatarwarsu ta ilimi [12] ta kai dalibai 3,000 ta hanyar shirin "Kowane yaro a cikin Park".[13]
A cikin 2012, 5 Gyres shine na farko da ya gano cewa microbeads na filastik (wanda aka saba samu a cikin samfuran kulawa na mutum kamar maganin hakora da sabulu na exfoliating) suna gurɓata hanyoyinmu na ruwa.[14] 5 Gyres ya yi amfani da wannan binciken don taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar hadin gwiwa wanda ya gamsar da kamfanoni kamar Procter & Gamble, Johnson & Johnson da L'Oreal don fitar da microbeads na filastik. Bayan shekaru biyu kawai, yakin ya karu zuwa cikin motsi na kasa, wanda ya kai ga nasarar da aka samu lokacin da Shugaba Obama ya sanya hannu kan Dokar Microbead-Free Waters a cikin doka a ƙarshen 2015.
Wannan nasarar ta jaddada tsarin Gyres na amfani da kimiyya don fitar da mafita, kuma ta sanar da tsarin kungiyar don wayar da kan jama'a game da gurɓataccen filastik na polystyrene da Styrofoam ta hanyar kamfen ɗin su na 2017 #foamfree Action, [15] wanda:
- Yana ƙarfafa alkawarin ƙin amfani da polystyrene guda ɗaya da faɗaɗa kumfa na polystyreno (wanda aka fi sani da Styrofoam).
- Yana haɗa baƙi tare da haramtacciyar gida (ko albarkatun don fara ɗaya).
- Yana ba su damar yin tweet, imel ko kiran wakilan su don tallafi.
- Yana sanar da magoya baya game da ci gaban "hana haramtacciyar haramtacciya".
- Ya ba da umarni ga binciken farko don tantance guba na filastik na polystyrene mai wuya.
Tare da fiye da al'ummomi 100 a California kwanan nan da suka kafa haramcin polystyrene, da kuma haramtacciyar doka a duk fadin jihar a kan kuri'un 2018, 5 Gyres suna ganin polystyrène a matsayin fadada yanayi na ƙarfin da ya fara da microbeads.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Home". 5Gyres.org (in Turanci). Retrieved 2017-07-05.
- ↑ "Plastic FAQs". 5Gyres.org (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2023-06-16. Retrieved 2023-06-16.
- ↑ "The Perils of Plastic: Notes from the Oceans and the Great Lakes". Earth Week. SUNY Fredonia. Archived from the original on 2015-04-11. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
- ↑ "5 Gyres, Advisors and Staff". 5 Gyres. Archived from the original on 2013-04-02. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
- ↑ "5 Gyres: Saving our Synthetic Seas". Aquarium of the Pacific. Archived from the original on 2013-02-08. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
- ↑ "January 1, 2013: The Great Pacific Garbage Patch". Blue View radio series. National Aquarium. Archived from the original on January 25, 2013. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
- ↑ Marcus, Eriksen. "5 Gyres Q&A: Thinking about solutions". Two Oceans Aquarium, Cape Town, South Africa. Archived from the original on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
- ↑ Novak, Brennan. "Marina Debris aka Garbage Girl rocks trash couture in Japan". 5 Gyres. Archived from the original on 2012-06-28. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
- ↑ Eriksen, Marcus; Maximenko, Nikolai; Thiel, Martin; Cummins, Anna; Lattin, Gwen; Wilson, Stiv; Hafner, Jan; Zellers, Ann; Rifman, Samuel (2013-03-15). "Plastic pollution in the South Pacific subtropical gyre". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 68 (1): 71–76. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2012.12.021. PMID 23324543.
- ↑ Eriksen, Marcus; Lebreton, Laurent C. M.; Carson, Henry S.; Thiel, Martin; Moore, Charles J.; Borerro, Jose C.; Galgani, Francois; Ryan, Peter G.; Reisser, Julia (2014-12-10). "Plastic Pollution in the World's Oceans: More than 5 Trillion Plastic Pieces Weighing over 250,000 Tons Afloat at Sea". PLOS ONE. 9 (12): e111913. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...9k1913E. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0111913. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4262196. PMID 25494041.
- ↑ "5 Gyres: Plastic Pollution in the World's Oceans at the Santa Monica Public Library". City of Santa Monica. Archived from the original on 22 December 2010. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
- ↑ "5 Gyres Bike Tour to Stop at UNCW". University of North Carolina, Wilmington. Archived from the original on 2016-06-16. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
- ↑ "Every Kid in a Park | Main". www.everykidinapark.gov (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2017-07-06. Retrieved 2017-07-05.
- ↑ Mason, Sherri A.; Kammin, Laura; Eriksen, Marcus; Aleid, Ghadah; Wilson, Stiv; Box, Carolyn; Williamson, Nick; Riley, Anjanette (2016-08-01). "Pelagic plastic pollution within the surface waters of Lake Michigan, USA". Journal of Great Lakes Research. 42 (4): 753–759. doi:10.1016/j.jglr.2016.05.009.
- ↑ "Styrofoam". 5Gyres.org (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2017-08-03. Retrieved 2017-07-05.