Aït Benhaddou
 Aït Benhaddou | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
ksar (en)  da heritage (en) | ||||
.jpg) | ||||
| Bayanai | ||||
| Ƙasa | Moroko | |||
| Ƙasantuwa a yanayin ƙasa |
High Atlas (en) | |||
| Heritage designation (en) |
Muhimman Guraren Tarihi na Duniya da Moroccan cultural heritage (en) | |||
| Shafin yanar gizo | ait-ben-haddou.net:80 | |||
| World Heritage criteria (en) |
(iv) (en) da (v) (en) | |||
| Wuri | ||||
| ||||
| Constitutional monarchy (en) | Moroko | |||
| Region of Morocco (en) | Drâa-Tafilalet (en) | |||
| Province of Morocco (en) | Ouarzazate Province (en) | |||
| Rural commune of Morocco (en) | Ait Zineb (en) | |||
Aït Benhaddou (Larabci: آيت بن حدّو) ighrem ne mai tarihi ko ksar (kauye mai garu) tare da tsohuwar hanyar ayari tsakanin Sahara da Marrakesh a Maroko. An dauke shi babban misali na gine-ginen yumbu na Moroccan kuma ya kasance Cibiyar Tarihin Duniya ta UNESCO tun 1987.[1]
Tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin].jpg)
An ƙarfafa wurin ksar tun daga karni na 11 a lokacin zamanin Almoravid . [2] [3] Babu wani daga cikin gine-ginen da aka yi imani da shi tun kafin karni na 17, amma mai yiwuwa an gina su da hanyoyin gine-gine da zane iri ɗaya kamar yadda aka yi amfani da su shekaru aru-aru a baya. [1] Muhimmancin dabarun wurin ya kasance saboda wurin da yake a cikin kwarin Ounila tare da daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin kasuwanci da ke wucewa da Sahara . [1] Mashigin Tizi n'Tichka, wanda aka isa ta wannan hanya, yana ɗaya daga cikin ƴan hanyoyi da ke tsallaka tsaunukan Atlas, da ke tsallaka tsakanin Marrakech da kwarin Dra'a a gefen sahara . [3] [1] Sauran kasbahs da ksour suna kan wannan hanya, kamar Tamdaght kusa da arewa. [2]
A yau, ksar kanta ba ta da yawa a cikin iyalai da yawa. [3] Rage yawan jama'a a kan lokaci ya samo asali ne daga asarar mahimmancin kwarin a cikin karni na 20. Yawancin mazauna yankin a yanzu suna zama a cikin gidajen zamani a ƙauyen da ke gefen kogin, kuma suna rayuwa ne ta hanyar noma da kuma sana'ar yawon buɗe ido. [3] [4] A cikin 2011 an kammala sabuwar gadar masu tafiya a ƙasa wacce ke haɗa tsohuwar ksar da ƙauyen zamani, da nufin samar da ksar mafi sauƙi da kuma yuwuwar ƙarfafa mazaunan su koma gidajensu na tarihi. [5]
An lalata wurin ne sakamakon girgizar kasar da aka yi a watan Satumban shekarar 2023 da ta afku a kudancin Maroko. Binciken farko na lalacewar ya ba da rahoton tsagewa da rugujewa kaɗan, tare da haɗarin kara rushewa. [6]
Bayani
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Layout na shafin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin].jpg)
Ksar tana kan gangaren wani tudu kusa da kogin Ounila ( Asif Ounila ). Gine-ginen ƙauyen an haɗa su tare a cikin bangon tsaro wanda ya haɗa da hasumiya na kusurwa da kofa. [1] Sun haɗa da gidaje masu girma dabam dabam tun daga gidaje masu ƙanƙanta zuwa dogayen gine-gine masu hasumiya. Wasu daga cikin gine-ginen an yi musu ado a sassansu na sama da siffofi na geometric. Hakanan ƙauyen yana da adadin gine-gine na jama'a ko na al'umma kamar masallaci, ayari, kasbah da yawa (kamar katanga) da Marabout na Sidi Ali ko Amer. A saman dutsen, yana kallon ksar, akwai ragowar wani babban katafaren granary jama'a da makabartar musulmi, da makabartar Yahudawa . [1] A wajen katangar ksar akwai wurin da ake noman hatsi da sussuka . [1]
Kayan gini
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tsarin ksar an yi su ne gaba ɗaya daga cikin dunƙulewar ƙasa, adobe, tubalin yumbu, da itace. [1] Rammed earth (wanda kuma aka sani da pisé, tabia, ko al-luh ) abu ne mai matukar amfani kuma mai tsada amma yana buƙatar kulawa akai-akai. [7] An yi shi da ƙasa da laka da aka matsa, yawanci gauraye da wasu kayan don taimakawa mannewa. Tsarin Ait Benhaddou da na sauran kasbahs da ksour a ko'ina cikin wannan yanki na Maroko yawanci suna amfani da cakuda ƙasa da bambaro, wanda ke da ɗanɗano da sauƙi kuma ruwan sama ya ruɗe. [8] A sakamakon haka, ƙauyuka irin wannan na iya fara rugujewa bayan ƴan shekarun da suka gabata bayan an yi watsi da su. [4] A Ait Benhaddou, an yi wasu dogayen gine-gine da dunƙulewar ƙasa har zuwa benensu na farko yayin da benayen na sama an yi su da adobe mai sauƙi don rage nauyin bangon.
Kiyaye
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
An sake dawo da ksar sosai a zamanin yau, godiya ta wani bangare saboda amfani da shi azaman wurin yin fim na Hollywood da kuma rubutunsa a cikin jerin wuraren tarihi na UNESCO a cikin 1987. UNESCO ta ba da rahoton cewa ksar ya "ƙirƙira sahihancinsa na gine-gine game da tsari da kayan aiki" ta hanyar ci gaba da yin amfani da kayan gine-gine da fasaha na gargajiya da kuma ta hanyar guje wa sababbin gine-gine. Kwamitin yanki ne ke kula da sa ido da sarrafa wurin.
Hotunan da aka yi a Aït Benhaddou
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yawancin fina-finai da aka yi a Maroko sun yi amfani da Aït Benhaddou a matsayin wuri, ciki har da: [9] [10] [4] An kuma yi amfani da Aït Benhaddou a cikin sassan jerin talabijin Game of Thrones, jerin talabijin na Brazil O Clone , The Amazing Race Australia 6 da Bankunan waje .
Magana
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 "Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou". whc.unesco.org (in Turanci). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 2018-02-16. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":0" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Ait Ben Haddou travel". Lonely Planet (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-04-16.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Rough Guides - Aït Benhaddou and around". Rough Guides (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-04-16. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":2" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Jacobs, Harrison. "One of the most famous places in the world is a tiny desert town in Morocco where everything from 'Game of Thrones' to 'Gladiator' was filmed". Business Insider. Retrieved 2020-04-16. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name ":3" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "UNESCO World Heritage Centre - State of Conservation (SOC 2014) Ksar of Ait-Ben-Haddou (Morocco)". UNESCO World Heritage Centre (in Turanci). Retrieved 2021-02-10.
- ↑ Hamri, Salma (13 September 2023). "27 sites historiques ont été gravement endommagés par le séisme du 8 septembre selon un premier constat". Médias24 (in Faransanci). Retrieved 15 September 2023.
- ↑ Futura. "Pisé". Futura (in Faransanci). Retrieved 2020-01-08.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:122 - ↑ "Movies Filmed at Ait Benhaddou in Morocco". Mosaic North Africa Tours (in Turanci). 2017-01-06. Retrieved 2020-04-16.
- ↑ Jon Jensen; Alex Court. "Moroccan backdrop for Game of Thrones and Gladiator". CNN. Retrieved 2020-04-16.