Abd al-Wahid al-Marrakushi

 

Abd al-Wahid al-Marrakushi (Larabci: عبد واحد المراكشي; c. 1185 – c. 1262) masanin tarihin Maghrebi ne wanda ya rayu a zamanin Almohad.

Rayuwa

An haifi Abdelwahid a Marrakesh a c. A shekarar 1185 a zamanin Yaqub al-Mansur, a shekara ta 1194 ya koma Fez don ci gaba da karatunsa, amma ya ci gaba da tafiye-tafiye tsakanin garuruwan biyu don neman ilimi. A shekara ta 1206 ya tafi Al-Andalus inda ya zauna na tsawon shekaru tara kafin ya koma Marrakesh. A shekara ta 1224 ya kammala Kitab al-mujib fi talkhis akhbar ahl-maghrib (Littafi mai dadi a cikin takaita tarihin Maghrib), tarihin daular Almohad da kuma daular Almoravid da ta gabata tare da takaitaccen tarihin Andalus tun daga yakin musulmi har zuwa 12. An rubuta littafin a cikin ruhu mai haske tare da labarai masu yawa; Abdelwahid ya bayyana cewa manufarsa ita ce fadakarwa da kuma nishadantar da daliban ta hanyar takaitaccen bayani tun da littattafan tarihin ilimi sukan yi tsayi fiye da kima wanda wani lokaci kan iya gajiyar da mai karatu. Littafin ya kunshi bayanai masu kima game da Ibn Rushd (wanda ya yi zamani da Abdelwahid) da kuma bayanan da aka dauko kai tsaye daga rumbun adana bayanai na Almohad, da sarakuna daban-daban da kuma bayanan abubuwan da marubucin ya gani.

Kodayake ya yi rantsuwa da girmamawa ga ƙungiyar Almohad da ƙabilar da ta kafa, Masmuda, littafin ya kasance mai ma'ana saboda ya ƙunshi zargi game da ayyukan wasu sarakuna da kuma labarin tsaka-tsaki na wanda ya kafa ƙungiyar Ibn Tumart da koyarwarsa. Wani bangare na wannan shine labarin game da Almoravids, wadanda suka kasance abokan hamayya na Almohads, amma an yaba musu da kyawawan ayyukansu. Bugu da ƙari, an ba da rahoton abubuwan da suka faru tsakanin sarakunan Almohad yadda ya kamata, sabanin Ibn Abi Zar, ya rubuta ƙarni guda daga baya a ƙarƙashin Marinids, wanda ya bar bayar da rahoto game da manyan makirci da tawaye da suka faru a lokacin rayuwarsa.

Abdelwahid ya gama rayuwarsa a Misira, kamar yadda ya ruwaito a cikin littafinsa cewa abubuwan da suka faru daga baya na Almohads ba su kai masa ga cikakkun bayanai ba tun lokacin da ya tafi.

Bayanan littattafai

• Abdel Wahid al-Marrakushi, Tarihin Almohades, wanda ya riga ya wuce ta hanyar zane-zane na tarihin Spain daga lokacin cin nasara har zuwa mulkin Yúsof ibn-Téshúfin, da kuma tarihin Almoravides, ed. R.P.A. Dozy, 1968 (sake buga bugu na biyu, Leyden 1881; bugu na farko, Leyden 1847)