Abdul Samad Khan Achakzai

 

Abdul Samad Khan Achakzai (7 ga Yulin 1907 - 2 ga Disamba 1973) (Pashto), wanda aka fi sani da Khan Shaheed (خان شهيد) (Wannan lakabi ko sunan ya ba da shi daga babban Baba-e-Afghan Abdul Rahim Khan Mandokhail) ya kasance ɗan ƙasar Pashtun kuma shugaban siyasa daga lardin Baluchistan na Indiya na Burtaniya na lokacin . Ya kafa Anjuman-i-Watan Baluchistan, wanda ke da alaƙa da Majalisar Dokokin Indiya.

Rayuwa ta farko

Achakzai ya rubuta cewa an haife shi a ranar 7 ga Yuli, a ƙauyen Innayatullah Karez . Ya rasa mahaifinsa tun yana ƙarami. Shi da ɗan'uwansa, Abdul Salam Khan, an haife su ne daga matriarch Dilbara. Achakzai ya sami ilimin farko a gida kuma ya san rubutun Pashto na gargajiya, Larabci, da Farisa. Ya shiga makarantar sakandare ta gida kuma ya tabbatar da cewa dalibi ne mai ban sha'awa, yana samun tallafin karatu.

Ayyuka

An daure Abdul Samad Khan Achakzai a watan Mayu 1930 a karon farko. A baya sarakuna sun gargadi shi saboda laccocin da ya yi wa mazauna ƙauyen a masallacin.

A cikin gwagwarmayarsa ta siyasa ya kafa Anjuman-i-Watan a ranar 30 ga Mayu 1938 (Khan Shaheed ko da yake ya kasance cikin kawance da mulkin mallaka na Burtaniya a Indiya, amma bai taɓa haɗuwa da jagorancinsa Anjuman -i-Witan a cikin Majalisar Dokokin Indiya ba), wanda ke adawa da raba Indiya.

A shekara ta 1954, bayan kirkirar Pakistan, ya kafa ƙungiyar "Wror Pashtun", daga baya ya haɗu da babbar ƙungiyar ci gaba ta Pakistan wacce ta zama Jam'iyyar Awami ta Kasa (NAP), saboda ya yi imani da ƙungiyar Pashtun a Pakistan. Ya rabu da ƙarshen bayan ya haɗu da ƙasashen Pashtun zuwa lardin Balochistan wanda ya keta dokar NAP don kafa ƙungiyoyin ƙasa na Pashtun, Baloch, Sindhi, Siraiki, Bengali da Punjabis.

"Ya shafe shekaru hudu na karshe na rayuwarsa (1969-1973), mafi tsawo a rayuwarsa ta siyasa daga kurkuku, yana gwagwarmaya don ikon mallakar duniya, mutum daya-mutum daya-mutu a Balochistan da yankunan kabilanci inda kawai mambobin Jirga na hukuma ke da damar jefa kuri'a". Abdul Samad Khan Achakzai ya yi imani da daidaito, ya kasance mai ba da shawara game da haƙƙin mata, kuma ya kalubalanci tabo don rajistar mata masu jefa kuri'a don babban zaben a shekarar 1970.

Ya kasance memba na Majalisar Lardin Balochistan a lokacin da aka kashe shi a watan Disamba na shekara ta 1973. Bayan rasuwar Samad Khan, an zabi dansa Injiniya Mahmood Khan Achakzai a matsayin shugaban jam'iyyar.

Rayuwar wallafe-wallafen

Abdul Samad Khan Achakzai ya sake fasalin rubutun Bayazid Roshan Pashto ta hanyar cire haruffa na Larabci wanda 'yan uwansa Pashtuns ba za su iya furta su ba, kuma shi ne mai ba da shawara don samun rubutun Pashto kamar yadda ake furta shi.

Abdul Samad Khan Achakzai yana da iko a kan Larabci, Farisa, Ingilishi, Urdu, Balochi da yaren Sindhi amma yana son yaren mahaifiyarsa Pashto mafi yawa kuma ya yi imani da muhimmancinsa a cikin gwagwarmayar kasa. Ya fassara littattafai da yawa zuwa Pashto, ciki har da, Tarjuman-ul-Qur'an na Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Gulistan-i-Saadi na Sheikh Saadi da Future of Freedom na Dotson Carto, 'Seerat-ul-Nabi na Shabli Numani . Abdul Samad Khan Achakzai ya yi nasarar buga jarida ta farko a tarihin lardin "Istiqlal" daga Quetta a 1938 bayan shekaru 7 da ya yi gwagwarmaya don samun Dokar 'Yan Jarida ta Indiya zuwa yankin.

Kashewa

A daren 2 ga Disamba 1973, a lokacin mulkin Gwamna da Bhutto ya sanya a Baluchistan, an kashe Achakzai a wani harin grenade a gidansa. Ba a taɓa gano ainihin masu kisansa ba.

Tarihi

Abdul Samad Khan ya fara rubuta tarihinsa a kurkuku, yana rufe lokacin haihuwarsa a 1907 zuwa yin hukunci a kurkukun gundumar, Lahore a 1952. Asalin da aka rubuta a cikin Pashto, bayanan da ake kira, 'Zama Zhwand aw Zhwandoon' (Hanyar da Na Rayu) ya ɓace zuwa haihuwar Khan Abdul Samad Khan da sauri ya kai mai karatu zuwa labyrinth na kakanninsa. Ya gabatar da kakansa, Inayatullah Khan, ɗan Bostan Khan kuma a ƙarshe Barkhurdar Khan wanda ya kafa iyalinsa.

Ya rubuta cewa: "Kakanmu tun lokacin Barkhurdar Khan sun kasance suna da alaƙa da kotun Afghanistan da gwamnati kuma a bayyane suke da ilimi kuma sun san hanyoyin kotuna da mulki.... Ana danganta cewa Burkhurdar khan ya kasance zamani ne na Ahmed Shah Baba (Durrani) wanda ya kafa Afghanistan ta yanzu. " Fiye da salon rubuce-rubucensa, tunanin Samad Khan da ba a tantance shi ba game da addini, jargas, jarabawar miyagun ƙwayoyi, pedophilia da damuwa da ke keta shafin da ƙaunataccen Pukhtun ya sake tilasta wa al'umma Pukthun ya sakewa da kuma ya sake ti

"A shekara ta 1928 na yi aure. Yin aure abu ne da za a yi haka ne ni. Gaskiya duk da haka ba ta fahimci muhimmancin gaske da ma'anar aure ba, "in ji Khan Abdul Samad Khan. "Maganar da yake da ita ta cika da irin wannan wahayi na sirri, ba a danganta shi da Pukhtun ba".

Zama Zhwand aw Zhwandoon" (Hanyar da na rayu) an fassara shi zuwa Turanci ta hanyar ɗan Samad Khan, Mohammad Khan Achakzai, wanda kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin gwamnan Balochistan daga 2013 zuwa 2018. Ya ɗauki Mohammad Khan Achakzai fiye da shekaru bakwai don fassara littafin mahaifinsa da aka rubuta a cikin harshen Pashto zuwa Turanci. Daga baya, an kuma fassara asalin Pashto zuwa Ukrainian ta manyan jami'an diflomasiyya, Mista Vasili Ivashko da Dokta Ghulam Sarwar. Dukkanin sassan, Turanci da Ukrainian, za su kasance daga jarida a ƙarshen Nuwamba.