Abin da ya faru a Fashoda

Abin da ya faru a Fashoda
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	9°53′15″N 32°06′37″E / 9.8875°N 32.1103°E
Iri	international crisis (en) ; border incident (en)
Suna saboda	Kodok
Kwanan watan	18 Satumba – 3 Nuwamba, 1898
Wuri	Kodok
Ƙasa	Sudan ta Kudu
Participant (en)	Jean-Baptiste Marchand (mul) ; Charles Mangin (mul) ; Horatio Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener (en) ; Horace Smith-Dorrien (en) ; Théophile Delcassé (mul)
Sanadi	Marchand expedition (en) ; French trans-African policy (en) ; Cape to Cairo Policy (en)

Fashoda Incident, wanda aka fi sani da Fashoda Crisis (Faransa: Crise de Fachoda), shine ƙarshen rikice-rikicen yankin mulkin mallaka tsakanin Burtaniya da Faransa a Gabashin Afirka, wanda ya faru tsakanin 10 ga Yuli zuwa 3 ga Nuwamba 1898. Wani balaguron Faransa zuwa Fashoda a kan White Nile ya nemi samun iko da kogin Upper Nile kuma ta haka ne ya ware Birtaniya daga Sudan. Jam'iyyar Faransa da sojojin Burtaniya da Masar (wanda ya fi Faransanci da 10 zuwa 1) sun hadu a kan abokantaka. Koyaya, a Turai, ya zama tsoro na yaki. Dukkanin daular sun tsaya a gefen yaƙi tare da maganganu masu zafi a bangarorin biyu. A karkashin matsin lamba, Faransanci sun janye, suna tabbatar da ikon Anglo-Masar a yankin.

Tarihi

A ƙarshen karni na 19, Afirka tana da saurin da'awar kuma tana mulkin mallaka na Turai. Bayan Taron Berlin na 1885 game da Afirka ta Yamma, manyan iko na Turai sun bi duk sauran ƙasashe a Afirka waɗanda ba su riga sun kasance ƙarƙashin tasirin wata al'ummar Turai ba. Wannan lokacin a Tarihin Afirka galibi ana kiransa Scramble for Africa ta hanyar tarihin zamani. Manyan iko da ke cikin wannan gwagwarmaya sune Burtaniya, Faransa, Jamus, Belgium, Italiya, Portugal, da Spain.

TFaransanci ya shiga cikin Afirka yafi daga gabar tekun Atlantic na nahiyar (Senegal na zamani) zuwa gabas, ta hanyar Sahel tare da iyakar kudancin Sahara, yankin da ke rufe Senegal na zamani, Mali, Nijar, da Chadi. Babban burinsu shine su sami hanyar haɗi tsakanin Kogin Neja da Kogin Nilu, saboda haka sarrafa duk cinikayya zuwa da daga yankin Sahel, ta hanyar ikon da suke da shi a kan hanyoyin da ke cikin Sahara. Har ila yau, Faransa tana da wani sansani kusa da bakin Bahar Maliya a Somaliland na Faransa (yanzu Djibouti), wanda zai iya zama a matsayin tashar gabas zuwa belin gabas da yammacin yankin Faransa a fadin nahiyar a mafi faɗin sa..

Sojojin Masar ne suka kafa Fashoda a cikin shekara ta 1855 a cikin wani yanki mai cike da ruwa kuma yana daya daga cikin 'yan wurare inda jirgin ruwa a kan Kogin Nilu zai iya saukewa. Mutanen Shilluk ne ke zaune a yankin, kuma a tsakiyar shekarun 1870, Fashoda gari ne na kasuwa. Wilhelm Junker, daya daga cikin Turawa na farko da suka isa yankin ya bayyana garin a 1876 a matsayin "babban wurin kasuwanci ... sansanin karshe na wayewa, inda matafiya da ke shiga ko dawowa daga daji na Equatorial Afirka zasu iya samun wasu kayayyaki na Turai masu mahimmanci daga 'yan kasuwa na Girka na yankin. " Lokacin da Jean-Baptiste Marchand ya zo garin a 1898, ya sami sansanin ya zama kango kuma ya lalace. [mafi kyawun tushe da ake buƙata][better source needed]","href":"./Template:Better_source_needed"},"params":{"reason":{"wt":"The current source is insufficiently reliable as it's a worksheet made by teacher rather than a published paper or book and has a several visible errors ([[WP:NOTRS]])."},"date":{"wt":"November 2024"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwhQ" typeof="mw:Transclusion">

Rikicin

Hoton zamani na tafiyar Marchand a fadin Afirka.

Tafiyar Kasuwanci

Faransa ta yi tafiya ta hanyar aika Kyaftin Jean-Baptiste Marchand, tsohon soja na cin nasarar Sudan ta Faransa, zuwa Yammacin Afirka. Ya fara rundunar da ta kunshi mafi yawan sojojin mulkin mallaka na Yammacin Afirka daga Senegal a cikin jirgi zuwa tsakiyar Afirka. A ranar 20 ga watan Yunin shekara ta 1896, ya isa Libreville a cikin mulkin mallaka na Gabon tare da rundunar 'yan fashi 120 kawai tare da jami'an Faransa 12, jami'an da ba a ba da izini ba da kuma ma'aikatan tallafi - Kyaftin Marcel Joseph Germain, Kyaftin Albert Baratier, Kyaftin Charles Mangin, Kyaftin Victor Emmanuel Largeau, Lieutenant Félix Fouqué, malami mai suna Dyé, likita Jules Emily Major, Warrant Officer De Prat, Sergeant George Dat, Sergeant Bernard, Sergeant Venail da mai fassarar soja Landerouin.[better source needed]","href":"./Template:Better_source_needed"},"params":{"reason":{"wt":"The current source is insufficiently reliable as it's a worksheet made by teacher rather than a published paper or book and has a several visible errors ([[WP:NOTRS]])."},"date":{"wt":"November 2024"}},"i":0}}]}" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwrA" typeof="mw:Transclusion">

Manazarta