Abu Ja
 Abu Ja | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Mutuwa | 1 ga Augusta, 1851 |
| Sana'a | |
Abu Ja (an haife shi Jatau dan Ishaku Jatau; ya mutu a shekarar 1851) shi ne wanda ya kafa Masarautar Abuja.[1]
Rayuwa ta farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Abu Ja ga Ishaku Jatau, mai mulkin Jihar Hausa ta Zazzau. Mahaifiyarsa ta mutu jim kaɗan bayan ta haife shi, kuma matar mahaifinsa ta farko, Tasalla, ce ta yi renonsa a matsayin ɗanta, tare da sauran 'ya'yanta maza, Makau da Abu Kwaka. Jatau shi ne asalin sunan haihuwarsa, amma an ba shi laƙabin Abu Ja ('Abu the Red') saboda fatarsa mai haske. Yana da tsawon inci 6, kamar yadda aka bayyana.[2](p16)[1]
Zazzau
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekarar 1804, lokacin da jihadin Usman dan Fodio ya kai Zazzau bayan wani masanin addinin Musulunci na Fulani, Malam Musa, wanda ke da aminci ga Usman, yaƙi ya ci Zaria. A sakamakon haka, Makau, mai mulkin Hausa na ƙarshe na jihar, an tilasta masa neman mafaka a kudu maso yamma tsakanin tsoffin magoya bayansa, Koro. Abu Ja, tare da mutane dubu uku, sun bi Makau zuwa garin Koro na Zuba. Daga wannan sansanin yaƙi, sun kare kansu daga sabuwar Masarautar Zaria da aka kafa.[1]
A cikin 1825, Makau, wanda yanzu ya kafa daukarsa a Zuba, ya jagoranci balaguro a kan babban garin Fulani na Lapai. Koyaya, sojojinsa, sun bar shi a tsakiyar yaƙi, wani mataki na mayar da martani sabanin fushin da suke dalilin hana su, su bautar da bayi da ya yi. Da yake fahimtar halin da yake ciki, Makau ya kira ɗan'uwansa, Abu Ja, kuma ya sanya masa suna a matsayin magajinsa. Daga nan aka kashe shi a yaƙi a wuraren kofofin shiga garin Lapai.[1][3]
Sarauta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Abu Ja ya shafe shekaru ukun na farko mulkinsa a Izom tsakanin Mutanen Gbagyi. Daga nan sai ya yanke shawarar gina birni da ke nesa da Lapai. A shekara ta 1828, a gindin Tuddan Abuchi, ya gina gidansa, kuma bayan shekara guda, ya fara gina ganuwar tsaro a kusa da sabon garin, wanda ya sanya ma ganuwar sunansa. Wannan sabon gari dandanan ya sami karɓuwa saboda tasirin da ya yi a kan mutanen da ke kusa da shi.[1][4] Daga cikin alamomin ofishin Abu Ja akwai wani kibiya da ke dauke da kibiyoyi masu guba guda biyu da mutanen Burum suka ƙera masa. [1][5]
Ubangiji kuma Maigidan Gari
Kuma wanda ya fara zubar da jinin ga abokan yaki a Filin Yaƙi.
Waƙar yabo ga Sarki Abu Ja
Bayan wasu shekaru da kammala ganuwar Abuja, Sarkin Zazzau, Mamman Sani, ya tashi zuwa balaguro kuma ya kafa sansani a waje da garin. Biyo bayan yin tattaunawa da Abu Ja, ya tara sojojinsa ya tafi, yana mai bayyana cewa ya fara yaƙi da arna ne, ba wai da mutanen Abuja ba. Kodayake Abu Ja ya sami nasarar kauce wa mamayewa daga Zazzau, ya kara shiga tsananin damuwa. Ya haramta duk wasu 'yan kasuwa da baƙi daga shiga garin ko kusa da shi. Duk wani Fulani da aka samu a yankin ana kashe shi. A wani lokaci, ya kashe makiyaya Fulani da yawa da shanu, kusan dubu uku.[2]
A shekara ta 1851, haɗin gwiwar karfi daga Nassarawa da Kontagora, dukansu saboda biyayya ga Khalifancin Sokoto, sun yi yaƙi da mutanen Toto. Abu Ja ya aika da wasu daga cikin mutanensa, ciki har da 'ya'yansa maza, don taimakawa Toto. A lokacin yaƙin, sarkin Nassarawa, Makama Dogo ya kama uku daga cikin 'ya'yan Abu Ja. Umaru Nagwamatse, yarima na Sokoto kuma Sarkin Kontagora, ya yi barazanar barin yaƙin idan ba a saki 'ya'yan Abu Ja ba. An yi watsi da barazanarsa, kuma Makama Dogo ya kashe su, su duka ukun. Abu Ja ya mutu jim kaɗan, bayan kisan da aka yin a ranar 1 ga watan Agustan 1851.[1][2]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 A. H. M. Kirk-Greene S. J. Hogben (1966-01-01). The Emirates of Northern Nigeria: A Preliminary Survey of Their Historical Traditions. Internet Archive. Oxford University Press. pp. 562–563.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Alhaji Hassan, Shuaibu Na'ibi (1952). A Chronicle Of Abuja.
- ↑ Gazetteers of the northern provinces of Nigeria. Internet Archive. London : Cass. 1972. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-7146-2933-9.CS1 maint: others (link)
- ↑ Hugh Anthony Stephens Johnston (1967-01-01). The Fulani Empire of Sokoto [by] H. A. S. Johnston (West African history series). Internet Archive. Oxford University Press. p. 70.
- ↑ Joseph P. Smaldone (1977). Warfare in the Sokoto Caliphate: Historical and Sociological Perspectives (in English). Internet Archive. Cambridge University Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-521-21069-0.CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)