Acacia harpophylla

Ragowar itacen brigalow, tsakiya na Queensland, ~ 20m tsawo

Yankin Brigalow

Acacia harpophylla, wanda aka fi sani da Brigalow, brigalow spearwood ko orkor, itace ne na Australiya. Kungiyar Aboriginal Australiya mutanen Gamilaraay sun san itacen a matsayin Barranbaa ko Burrii . Ana samunsa a tsakiya da bakin teku na Queensland zuwa arewacin New South Wales. Zai iya kaiwa har zuwa 25 m (82 ft) tsawo kuma ya samar da al'ummomin gandun daji masu yawa a kan ƙasa mai yumbu.

Bayyanawa

Itacen yana shan tushe kuma yana da wuya, furrowed kuma kusan baƙar fata. Rassan glabrous ko gashi suna da kusurwa a gefen. Kamar yawancin nau'ikan Acacia yana da phyllodes maimakon ganye na gaskiya. Coriaceous, sericeous da evergreen phyllodes suna da siffar falcate tare da tsawon 10 zuwa 20 cm (7.9 in) in) da faɗin 7 zuwa 20 in). Suna da jijiyoyi masu yawa masu kama da juna tare da uku zuwa bakwai dag jijiyoyin da suka fi sauran shahara. Lokacin da ya yi fure tsakanin Yuli da Oktoba, yana samar da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta rukuni na biyu zuwa takwas a kan tseren, yawanci yana bayyana a matsayin ƙwayoyin axillary. Shugabannin furanni masu laushi suna da diamita na 5 zuwa 8 in) kuma suna dauke da furanni masu launin zinariya 15 zuwa 35. Bayan furewar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cuta waɗanda ke da ƙarancin ƙwayoyin halitta kuma madaidaiciya zuwa ɗan gogewa. Ana ɗaga pods ɗin kuma an ƙuntata su tsakanin tsaba kuma suna da tsawon har zuwa 20 cm (7.9 in) da faɗin 5 zuwa 10 in) tare da jijiyoyi mai tsayi. Ana shirya tsaba mai laushi, mai laushi mai launin ruwan kasa pods ɗin a tsawon lokaci kuma suna da siffar oblong ko mai laushi. Suna da shimfiɗa amma suna da kauri tare da tsawon 10 zuwa 18 in) kuma suna da filiform funicle.

Rarraba da mazaunin

Dabbobi biyu, brigalow (A. harpophylla) da gidgee (A. cambagei) suna buɗe wuraren dazuzzuka a kan ƙasa mai laushi kuma a hankali a kan ƙasa mai nauyi da ƙarancin yumɓu da ƙasa mai yumbu da farko a yankin ruwan sama na shekara-shekara na 300-700mm na Gabashin Ostiraliya. Waɗannan filayen dazuzzuka sun shimfiɗa daga iyakar arewa na 20° S zuwa arewacin New South Wales. Brigalow da gidgee suna faruwa ne a matsayin al'ummomi masu gauraya a wasu yankuna kuma ana danganta su da wasu nau'ikan itace, gami da nau'ikan kayan marmari irin su Eucalyptus coolabah, E. cambageana, Casuarina cristata, da nau'ikan nau'ikan kayan kwalliya.[1][2]. A. tephrina, A. georginae da A. argyrodendron su ma sun mamaye wuraren zama iri ɗaya kuma suna da halaye iri ɗaya da nau'ikan girma, amma ba su yaɗu sosai, yayin da wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan Acacia kuma suna samar da al'ummomi iri ɗaya.[3]

Brigalow yana faruwa ne daga yankunan bakin teku da ke karɓar sama da 900 mm (35 in) in) ruwan sama a kowace shekara ta hanyar zuwa yankin ruwan sama mai tsaka-tsaki 500 mm (20 in) in) kodayake da farko nau'in yankin tsaka-tsakin. Gidgee ('A. cambagei') ya maye gurbin brigalow yayin da ruwan sama ya sauka a yankunan yamma kuma ya kai daga 650 zuwa 300 in). Gidgee, tare da matsakaicin tsawo na kusan 12 , yana da ɗan ƙarami fiye da brigalow, wanda zai iya kaiwa tsawo na 20 ft). yankunan arewa maso yammacin baki gidgee (A. argyrodendron) ya maye gurbin brigalow a wurare da yawa, yayin da a cikin gundumomin Tsakiyar Yammacin boree (A. tephrina) ya samar da gandun daji da shrublands, akai-akai a kan ƙasa mai yumbu kuma sau da yawa a hade da A. cambagei. Georgina gidgee (A. georginae) gandun daji suna samuwa a cikin yankuna masu bushewa a cikin 200 zuwa 250 in) ruwan sama.

A New South Wales ana samunsa daga kusa da Roto a kudu zuwa kusa da Hungerford a yamma da Willow Tree a gabas tare da Babban Rarraba Range. A Queensland ana samunsa har zuwa arewacin Townsville .

Tarihin lissafi

Masanin ilimin shuke-shuke George Bentham ne ya fara bayyana nau'in a 1864 a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin Flora Australiensis . Leslie Pedley ya sake sanya shi a matsayin Racosperma harpophyllum kuma daga baya ya mayar da shi ga jinsin Acacia a shekara ta 2001. An tattara nau'in samfurin daga kusa da Rockhampton. Takamaiman ma'anar tana nuni ne ga siffar falcate na phyllodes a kan itacen.

Amsa ga wuta

Dabbobi da ke da alaƙa da waɗannan al'ummomin brigalow gabaɗaya suna da kyakkyawar damar sake tsiro bayan wuta, kuma brigalow kanta tana tsiro kyauta daga ƙafar, tushen da tsiro mai rai don amsawa ga lalacewar wuta. Dukansu gidgee da blackwood, akasin haka, suna da iyakantaccen damar sake fasalin bayan lalacewar wuta. Wani sanannen banbanci ga haƙurin wuta na al'ummomin brigalow yana faruwa a cikin abin da ake kira rassan katako, waɗanda ke da yawa daga cikin al'ummomi na brigalow da kewayon nau'ikan da ke da ƙarancin wuta. Wuta a cikin kowane brigalow ko gandun daji zai zama abin da ba a saba gani ba a yanayin halitta, tunda makiyaya suna da yawa a cikin waɗannan al'ummomin, wanda ya ƙunshi Chloris, Setaria (syn. Paspalidium), Dicanthium, Sporobolus da Eragrostis species.

Yankin da aka yi amfani da shi sosai.

A cikin 1962, an kafa Shirin Ci gaban Kasa na Fitzroy Basin, wanda aka fi sani da Shirin Ci Gaban Kasa na Brigalow don hanzarta share manyan wuraren da ke da iko da kuma haɗin gwiwar tsarin halittu na brigalow don samar da hanyar noma da kiwo a cikin yankunan brigalow na Queensland. An share 4.5Mha wanda ya kai kashi 21% na dukkan tsire-tsire na brigalow a Ostiraliya. Wannan makircin ya haifar da manyan runoff a cikin catchments. Kashi 10% ne kawai na wannan ciyayi ya kasance a yau (<1000km2) tare da sharewa har yanzu yana ci gaba a ƙarami. Ƙungiyoyin tsire-tsire na Brigalow sun cancanci a lissafa su a matsayin "masu haɗari" a ƙarƙashin Dokar Kare Muhalli da Kare Muhalli ta Gwamnatin Australiya ta 1999. Babban barazanar da ake yi a yanzu ita ce ci gaba da share ƙasa don amfanin gona da makiyaya.

Dubi kuma

• Media related to Acacia harpophylla at Wikimedia Commons
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• Jerin nau'in <i id="mw2Q">Acacia</i>