Jump to content

Adalci na mata

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Adalci na mata
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na Feminism

  

Adalci mata wani nau'i ne na 'Yan mata masu sassaucin ra'ayi wanda ke ba da shawarar daidaito na jihar ga mata da maza ba tare da kalubalanci rashin daidaito da ma'aikata, cibiyoyin ilimi da na addini, da sauran abubuwa na al'umma ba.[1] An tattauna wannan ra'ayi tun daga shekarun 1980s.[2] An bayyana daidaito na mata kuma an rarraba su a matsayin wani nau'i na al'ada mai sassaucin ra'ayi ko 'yanci na mata, [1] ya bambanta da zamantakewar mata, bambancin mata, [3] jinsi, da daidaito na mace. [3][4][5]

Bayani na gaba ɗaya

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy yana nufin Wendy McElroy, Joan Kennedy Taylor, Cathy Young, Rita Simon, Katie Roiphe, Diana Furchtgott-Roth, Christine Stolba, da Christina Hoff Sommers a matsayin masu adalci mata.[1] Camille Paglia ta kuma bayyana kanta a matsayin mai fafutukar daidaito.[6][7] Christina Sommers, musamman, ta binciki batun daidaito na mata a cikin littafinta Who Stole Feminism? A cikin wannan rubutun, Sommers ya taƙaita yadda manufar daidaito ta mata ita ce samun daidaito na tattalin arziki, ilimi, da siyasa.[8] Sommers ya yi iƙirarin cewa 'yan mata sun rabu tsakanin rukuni biyu:' yan mata masu daidaito da' yan mata mata masu jinsi. Ta bayyana cewa bambancin da ke tsakanin su biyu shi ne cewa masu fafutukar mata na jinsi suna mai da hankali kan sauya ka'idojin al'umma bisa ga jinsi, yayin da masu fafutuka na daidaito suna mai daɗi kan cimma adalci a cikin jinsi biyu.[9]

Steven Pinker, masanin juyin halitta da mai hankali, masanin ilimin harshe, kuma mashahurin marubucin kimiyya, ya bayyana kansa a matsayin mai adalci na mata, wanda ya bayyana a matsayin " koyaswar ɗabi'a game da daidaitattun jiyya wanda ba shi da wani alƙawari game da al'amurran da suka shafi bude ido a cikin ilimin halin dan Adam ko ilmin halitta ". [10]

An yi bambance-bambance tsakanin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya da kuma tsattsauran ra'ayi na adalcin mata. [11] Yawancin mata masu ra'ayin mazan jiya sun yarda da adalcin mata.

Labarin "Adalci na Jinsi yana farawa a Gida" ya fallasa ɗayan dalilan da yawa ba a aiwatar da daidaito a cikin gida. Jack Koban yana ba da gudummawa ga wannan, a matsayin zama a gidan mahaifinsa, yayin da matarsa ke aiki a matsayin likita. [12] Ya ambaci yadda shi da matarsa suka sami daidaiton rayuwar aiki ta hanyar taimakon juna a wurin aiki da kuma a gida. [12] Wannan misalin yana kawo daidaito a cikin gida kuma ba wai kawai yana taimaka wa Koban da matarsa suyi nasara a cikin dangantakar su ba, har ma yana koya wa 'ya'yansu adalci tun suna kanana. [12] Labarin "Menene Daidaiton Jinsi?" ya ambaci cewa hanyar da za ta taimaka wa dukan ’ya’yansu su fahimci manufar yin adalci ita ce a koya musu duk wasu ayyuka na yau da kullum a cikin gida don kiyaye wannan daidaito a nan gaba tare da danginsu. [13]

Adalci a wurin aiki

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

"Hanyoyin Haƙiƙa 4 don Rungumar daidaito ga Mata a Wajen Aiki" ya bayyana cewa ya kamata kamfanoni su karɓi ma'aikatansu ta hanyar samar da kayan aikin da ake buƙata don kowane ma'aikaci don ƙirƙirar yanayi tare da dama daidai. [14] Daidaiton mata ya kasance game da kula da maza da mata daidai ne saboda an halicce su daidai kuma ya kamata a kula da su. Ya kamata a ce masu daukar ma’aikata su mai da hankali kan kwarewar dan takara maimakon sunan mutum ko asalinsa, sun hada da yare daban-daban a cikin jerin ayyukansu, kuma su biya mace kudaden da ya kamata su samu. [14] Mata suna iya yin aikin maza kamar yadda ya kamata ko ma fiye da maza da akasin haka. Bambancin yadda ake kula da mata daban da maza yana da alaƙa a kan dalilin da ya sa kamfanoni ba za su ɗauki mata a matsayin masu biyan kuɗi ba. [15] Daidaito a wurin aiki na iya karawa mata matsayi a manyan mukamai amma muddin aka yi watsi da hakkinsu da kuma korarsu to za a ci gaba da samun wannan salon rayuwa na rashin adalci ga mata. [14] [15] 'Yan mata masu adalci suma suna matsawa daidai gwargwado guda ɗaya a cikin gidaje don sake rage nauyi a kan mata da ingiza daidaito ga mata. [15]

Masu ra'ayi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Anne-Marie Kinahan ta yi iƙirarin cewa yawancin matan Amurka suna kallon wani nau'in mata wanda babban burin su shine daidaito.[16] Louis Schubert et al. ya yi iƙirarin "ka'idodin daidaito na mata sun kasance a cikin hangen nesa na yawancin mata a Amurka".

Amurka

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Fayil:The Equal Rights Amendment.png
Maɓallin abin da ERA ke tsaye yayin da yake ƙoƙarin wucewa Majalisar Wakilai a shekarar 1972.

A Amurka, Alice Paul da Crystal Eastman, mata biyu a cikin Jam'iyyar Mata ta Kasa, sun shiga cikin tsara Kwaskwarimar Daidaitaccen Hakki, tare da burin cimma "kariya ta tsarin mulki daga nuna bambanci" ga dukkan mata.[17][18]

An gabatar da Kwaskwarimar Daidaitaccen Hakki a asali a cikin 1923 ta Jam'iyyar Mata ta Kasa. An fara gabatar da gyare-gyaren ne a Seneca Falls kuma tsohuwar mai ba da izini Agnes Morey ta jagoranci wannan taron tare da Alice Paul . A wannan shekarar an gabatar da shi a majalisa kafin Majalisar Wakilai ta Amurka ta amince da shi a watan Maris na shekara ta 1972 wanda zai ba mata da maza damar yin adalci.[19]

Adalci a cikin mata reshe ne na 'Yan mata masu sassaucin ra'ayi wanda ke haifar da matsayin siyasa wanda ke tabbatar da' yancin mata a cikin ko a ƙarƙashin doka.[20] Yakin neman daidaito ya zama siyasa kamar yadda mutane da yawa ke jayayya da mata da sauran kungiyoyin da ake la'akari da zalunci an hana su damar samun dama iri ɗaya na fararen maza.[20] Tun lokacin da aka ƙi ERA a shekarar 1972, gwagwarmayar daidaito ta ci gaba da girma a Amurka kuma ta tura sabbin dokoki da za su kare mata kamar yadda za su kasance. Adalci a cikin mata yana da mahimmanci saboda ya lura cewa mata sun cancanci hakkoki iri ɗaya. Idan babu wani matsin siyasa ga al'umma mai adalci ta mata, zai haifar da wata sanarwa cewa mata sun fi maza ƙanƙanta kuma ba su cancanci irin wannan bi da komai game da ilimi ko matsayi na zamantakewa.

Kwaskwarimar Daidaita Hakki ta tabbatar da daidaito ga dukkan 'yan ƙasar Amurka. Wannan zai tabbatar da jayayya da duk wani bambanci tsakanin maza da mata.

Turai

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A fannoni da yawa, Turai tana da matsayi mai ci gaba fiye da Amurka idan ya zo ga goyon bayan mata da daidaito tsakanin jinsi.[21] An kafa kungiyoyi a Turai don inganta ba kawai daidaito da daidaito ba, har ma sun yi niyyar inganta bambancin yayin da suke abokantaka ga mata a duk faɗin nahiyar. Idan aka kwatanta da Tarayyar Turai, rashin masu fafutukar mata da aka gano a fili a Amurka ya haifar da wasu ƙalubalen siyasa ga motsi. Haɗakar da hanyoyin mata a cikin cibiyoyi shine yadda ƙasashen Turai suka sami damar inganta bukatun daidaito da mata.

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Liberal Feminism". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 18 October 2007. Retrieved 24 February 2016. (revised 30 September 2013) Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "Stanford" defined multiple times with different content
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Black1989
  3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Halfmann
  4. ↑ (Dale ed.). Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. ↑ Kuhle, Barry X. (January 2012). "Evolutionary psychology is compatible with equity feminism, but not with gender feminism: A reply to Eagly and Wood". Evolutionary Psychology. SAGE. 10 (1): 39–43. doi:10.1177/147470491201000104. PMC 10480852 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 22833845.

    See also Eagly, Alice H.; Wood, Wendy (May 2011). "Feminism and the evolution of sex differences and similarities". Sex Roles. Springer. 64 (9–10): 758–767. doi:10.1007/s11199-011-9949-9. S2CID 144177655.
  6. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  7. ↑ Smith, Rich (22 March 2017). "Who's worse: Camille Paglia, sanctimonious liberals, or my sniveling self? (blog)". thestranger.com/slog. SLOG. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  8. ↑ "Who Stole Feminism?". 18 October 2007. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  9. ↑ "What is the Difference Between Gender Feminism and Equity Feminism?". Language Humanities (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-10-18.
  10. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  11. ↑ (Noretta ed.). Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :3
  13. ↑ "What Is Gender Equity? Definition & Examples | United Way NCA". United Way NCA (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-10-12.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 "4 Real ways to embrace equity for women in the workplace". www.multiverse.io (in Turanci). 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2023-10-12.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :12
  16. ↑ (Susan ed.). Missing or empty |title= (help)
  17. ↑ "The Equal Rights Amendment Explained". www.brennancenter.org (in Turanci). Brennan Center for Justice. 9 October 2019. Retrieved 2022-03-16.
  18. ↑ "Alice Paul". National Women's History Museum (in Turanci). Retrieved 2022-03-16.
  19. ↑ "The Equal Rights Amendment". Women's Studies Quarterly. 43 (3/4): 271. 2015. ISSN 0732-1562. JSTOR 43958572.
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Baehr, Amy R. (2007-10-18). "Liberal Feminism". Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  21. ↑ Guenther, Katja M. (2011). "The Possibilities and Pitfalls of NGO Feminism: Insights from Postsocialist Eastern Europe". Signs. 36 (4): 863–887. doi:10.1086/658504. ISSN 0097-9740. JSTOR 10.1086/658504. S2CID 146711537.
Daga "https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adalci_na_mata&oldid=692969"