Adalci na tattalin arziki
 Adalci na tattalin arziki | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na | Adalci |
| Bangare na |
welfare economics (en)  |
 |
 Ka duba wannan shafin domin sanin yanda zaka gyara wannan mukalar Koyon rubuta mukala  Akwai yuwar admin ya goge wannan shafin matukar ba'a inganta ta ba. |
Adalci na tattalin arziki wani bangare ne na adalci na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki. Tsari ne na ka'idoji na ɗabi'a da ɗabi'a don gina cibiyoyin tattalin arziki, inda manufa ta ƙarshe ita ce samar da wata dama ga kowane mutum don kafa isasshiyar tushen abin duniya wanda zai sami rayuwa mai daraja, mai albarka, da kere kere[1][2]
Adalci a fannin tattalin arziki wani bangare ne na adalci na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki. Yana da "tsari na ɗabi'a da ka'idoji don gina cibiyoyin tattalin arziki"[3] Adalci na tattalin arziki yana nufin samar da damammaki ga kowane mutum don samun rayuwa mai mutunci, mai amfani da kirkire-kirkire wanda ya wuce tsarin tattalin arziki mai sauki[4]
Samfuran adalci na tattalin arziki akai-akai suna wakiltar buƙatun ɗabi'a- zamantakewa na wata ka'idar da aka bayar, [5] ko "a cikin babba", kamar na tsarin zamantakewar adalci[6]ko "a cikin ƙarami", kamar yadda yake cikin daidaiton "yadda cibiyoyin ke rarraba takamaiman fa'idodi da nauyi".[7] Wannan ka'idar na iya ko a'a ta haifar da karɓa. A cikin Mujallar Adabin Tattalin Arziki Lambobin rarrabuwa 'adalci' an gungurawa zuwa a JEL: D63, wanda aka daidaita akan layi ɗaya tsakanin 'Equity' da 'Rashin daidaito' tare da 'Sauran Ma'auni na Al'ada da Aunawa'. Rukunin sama da ƙasan layi sune Externalities da Altruism [8]
Wasu ra'ayoyi game da adalci da xa'a sun haɗu da tushen tunanin tattalin arziki sau da yawa game da adalcin rarrabawa [9] da kuma wani lokaci dangane da binciken Marxian.[10]. Batun batu ne na al'adar tattalin arziki da falsafa da tattalin arziki.[11] A farkon tattalin arziƙin jindadi, inda aka ambata, 'adalci' ba a ɗan bambanta shi da haɓaka duk ayyukan amfanin mutum ɗaya ko aikin jin daɗin jama'a. Game da karshen, Paul Samuelson (1947), [12] fadada kan aikin Abram Bergson, yana wakiltar aikin jin dadin jama'a a cikin sharuddan gabaɗaya kamar yadda kowane tsarin imani na ɗabi'a da ake buƙata don yin odar kowane (mai yiwuwa) jihohin zamantakewa ga dukan al'umma a matsayin "mafi kyau fiye da", "mafi muni", ko "rashin sha'awa" juna. Kenneth Arrow (1963) ya nuna wahalar ƙoƙarin faɗaɗa ayyukan jin daɗin jama'a akai-akai a cikin ayyuka daban-daban na abubuwan amfani na yau da kullun ko da ban da adalci.[13] Ƙarfafa yawan amfani yana rayuwa, har ma da haɓakar ka'idar ordinal-Utility/Pareto, a matsayin tushen da'a don hukunce-hukuncen tattalin arziki-siyasa[14] a cikin ma'aunin haɓaka dukiya da ake kira a cikin doka da tattalin arziki.[15]
Amartya Sen (1970), [16] Kenneth Arrow (1983), [17] Serge-Christophe Kolm (1969, 1996, 2000), [18] da sauransu sun yi la'akari da hanyoyin da amfani a matsayin tsarin kula da adalci yana takurawa ko ƙalubalanci da'awar daidaito mai zaman kanta a cikin rabon yancin kai, yancin kai, yancin kai [1] keɓance abubuwan da ba su dace da zamantakewa ba, iyawa mai yuwuwa,[21] da adalci a matsayin rashin hassada da ingancin Pareto.[22] Hanyoyi dabam-dabam sun bi da haɗa damuwa ga mafi munin yanayi tare da ingantaccen tattalin arziki, ra'ayi na alhakin kai da (de) cancantar ƙaddamar da fa'idodin kowane mutum ƙasa, da'awar adalci tsakanin tsararraki, [23] da sauran hanyoyin da ba masu goyon baya/Pareto ba.[24] Adalci wani yanki ne na ka'idar zabin zamantakewa, misali don mika tausayi, [25] kuma gabaɗaya a cikin aikin Arrow, [26] Sen, [27] da sauransu.[28].
Fassarar fassarorin shari'a mai fa'ida daga mahangar ka'idar wasan, ka'idar kwangilar zamantakewa, da tsarin halitta na juyin halitta ana samun su a cikin ayyukan Ken Binmore (1994, 1998, 2004) da sauransu. An gabatar da muhawara game da adalci a matsayin wani bangare na adalci don bayyana nau'o'in aikace-aikacen halayya da ka'idoji, wanda ya kara da fifikon farko kan ingancin tattalin arziki (Konow, 2003).
Duba kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Yardar masu mulki
Tattalin arzikin tsarin mulki
Binciken fa'ida mai tsada
Rashin kiba
Rashin daidaiton tattalin arziki
Tsaron tattalin arziki
Rashin kudi
Jerin jihohi masu iko ta hanyar kudaden haraji zuwa rabon GDP
Laffer lankwasa
Pareto inganci
Tattalin arziki mai kyau
Rage talauci
Daidaiton zamantakewa
Adalci na zamantakewa
Haraji a matsayin sata
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Economic Justice". Investopedia. Retrieved 2023-02-27.
- ↑ Joseph J. Spengler, 1980. Origins of Economic Thought and Justice. Link to 1-page chapter-content previews.
- ↑ Hayes, Adam. "Economic Justice". Investopedia. Retrieved 2021-02-03
- ↑ "On Economic Justice | SPH". www.bu.edu. Retrieved 2021-02-03.
- ↑ Developed along more general lines in Allan Gibbard, 1990, Wise Choices, Apt Feelings. Description and chapter-preview links. • Marc Fleurbaey, 2008. "ethics and economics," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract.
- ↑ For example, in Barry Clark and Herbert Gintis, 1978, "Rawlsian Justice and Economic Systems," Philosophy & Public Affairs, 7(4), pp. 302-325.
- ↑ The latter is the subject of H. Peyton Young, 1994, Equity: In Theory and Practice, Princeton University Press, discussed in general terms and as quoted, pp. 6-7; description, preview, and chapter 1[permanent dead link] (via scrolling).
- ↑ Peter J. Hammond, 1987. "altruism," The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, v. 1, pp. 85-87. • James Andreoni, William T. Harbaugh, and Lise Vesterlund, 2008. "altruism in experiments," The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract