Adelaine Hain
 Adelaine Hain | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa | 16 ga Faburairu, 1927 |
| Mutuwa | 8 Satumba 2019 |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
anti-apartheid activist (en)  |
Adelaine “Ad” Florence Hain (an haife ta hannun jari; 16 ga watan Fabrairu 1927 – 8 ga watan Satumba 2019) 'yar gwagwarmayar yaƙi da nuna wariyar launin fata ce ta Afirka ta Kudu. Ta kasance memba a jam'iyyar Liberal Party ta Afirka ta Kudu kuma tana aiki a Pretoria. Bayan ita da danginta sun bar Afirka ta Kudu, ta ci gaba da tayar da hankali a Landan. Hain ita ce mahaifiyar ɗan siyasar Burtaniya Peter Hain, kuma ta yi masa aiki na ɗan lokaci har ta kai shekaru 82.
Tarihin Rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Hain a ranar 16 ga watan Fabrairu 1927 a Port Alfred. [1] Ta girma a Mentone, kusa da Kogin Kowie. [1] Hain ya halarci Makarantar Sarauniya Alexandra kuma daga baya ya tafi makarantar sakandare ta 'yan mata ta Victoria a matsayin mai shiga. [1] Tana da malamai biyu na hagu waɗanda suka gabatar da ita ga aikin Paul Robeson. [1] Bayan kammala karatun sakandare, ta fara aiki a kan takardar labaran mahaifinta, Mai Sanarwa na Kowie. [1] Daga baya, ta yi aiki a Pretoria inda ta haɗu da mijinta, Walter Hain. [1] Ma'auratan sun yi aure a ranar 1 ga watan Satumba 1948. [1] Tare, ma'auratan sun zama masu tsattsauran ra'ayi na tsawon lokaci.
Bayan mijinta ya gama digiri a fannin gine-gine, ma'auratan sun motsa sau da yawa.[2] Ma'auratan sun shiga jam'iyyar Liberal Party ta Kudu a shekarar 1954. [3] A cikin shekarar 1958, sun dawo Pretoria, inda suka shiga cikin reshen Pretoria na Jam'iyyar Liberal.[3] Ma'auratan sun gudanar da tarurrukan jam'iyyar Liberal tare da mutane daga kowane ɓangare a gidansu da ke Hatfield. [2] Hain zata rattaba hannu kan takardun fasfo na baƙaƙen fata "domin kada a kama masu su." [3] Ta kuma aika da abinci ga iyalan fursunonin siyasa, kuma ta yi ƙoƙarin taimaka wa fursunonin da kansu. [2] Hain ta sami damar isar da saƙon ta hanyoyi kamar ta hanyar ɓoye bayanan kula a cikin shimfidar albasa ko ta sake saita riga. [4]
Bayan kisan kiyashin da aka yi a Sharpeville a shekarar 1960, 'yan sandan Afirka ta Kudu na ci gaba da sa ido da kuma cin zarafin dangin. An kai farmaki gidansu, wani lokaci da daddare tare da ’yan uwa suna zaune sai motocin ’yan sanda suka bi su a lokacin da suka tuka. [5] An kuma danna wayar. Wasu ’yan uwa a Afirka ta Kudu sun yi watsi da dangantakarsu da Hain.
A cikin shekarar 1961, an kama Hain da mijinta kuma an tsare su saboda "ayyukan siyasa na haram." A lokacin kamawa, Hain ta tauna daftarin takardan siyasa wanda zai cutar da su. An saki ma'auratan a cikin kwanaki 12 saboda "rashin shaida." [2] A lokacin shari'ar Nelson Mandela a shekarar 1963, tana can, kuma su biyun suna gaisawa da juna a harabar kotun da hannu. [2] A watan Satumba na wannan shekarar, an dakatar da ita.Dokar hana ta na nufin ba za ta iya "hallartar taro ba," wanda ya haɗa har da bikin cikar 'yarta shekaru 10.[6] Duk da haramcin da aka yi masa, Hain ta ci gaba da yaki da wariyar launin fata, tana taimakawa wajen isar da sakonni ga fursunonin siyasa da kuma taimaka wa mutum guda ya tsere daga Afirka ta Kudu. [2]
Hain da danginta sun bar Afirka ta Kudu a cikin shekarar 1966 kuma suka zauna a Landan.[5] Iyalan sun ci gaba da zanga-zanga a London, inda suka nufi ofishin jakadancin Afirka ta Kudu.[7] A birnin Landan, Hain ta taɓa samun wasikar bam da jami'an tsaron Afirka ta Kudu suka aika a gidanta.
Lokacin da aka zaɓi ɗanta, Peter Hain, a matsayin ɗan majalisa a shekarar 1991, Hain ta fara yi masa aiki na ɗan lokaci a majalisar wakilai.[8][9] Ta ci gaba da aiki a can har ta kai shekaru 82. [1] A cikin shekarar 2009, Hain ta koma Neath, inda ɗanta, Peter, shine ɗan majalisar wakilai na gida. Mijinta, Walter, ya mutu a shekara ta 2016. [10] Hain ta mutu a ranar 8 ga watan Satumba, 2019. Shugaban Afirka ta Kudu, Cyril Ramaphosa ya bayyana ta'aziyyarsa ga iyalan da rasuwar ta. [10] Ya ce game da Hain, "Ta cancanci girmamawa da godiya ga yadda ta haɗa danginta kamar yadda ta shirya al'ummomi don wargaza mulkin nuna wariyar launin fata." [10]
Kara karantawa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Hain, Peter (2014). Ad & Wal: Values, Duty, Sacrifice in Apartheid South Africa. London: Biteback Publishing. ISBN 9781849547062.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Adelaine Florence Hain". South African History Online. Retrieved 2020-01-04.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Herbstein, Denis (2019-09-15). "Adelaine Hain obituary". The Guardian (in Turanci). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-01-04.
- 1 2 3 "Anti-apartheid activist Adelaine Hain dies aged 92". IOL News (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-01-04.
- ↑ Masters, Adrian (2014-02-27). "Values, Duty, Sacrifice in Apartheid South Africa by Peter Hain". Wales Arts Review (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 2020-10-22. Retrieved 2020-01-05.
- 1 2 Moss, Stephen (2007-02-15). "'We Did What We Had To. We Couldn't Walk Away'". The Guardian (in Turanci). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-01-04.
- ↑ "South Africa Banning Order Often Hit Where Hurts Most". Star-Phoenix. 1964-05-15. p. 6. Retrieved 2020-01-05 – via Newspapers.com.
- ↑ Cornock, David (2014-01-29). "MP's parents' anti-apartheid fight". BBC (in Turanci). Retrieved 2020-01-04.
- ↑ "Lord Hain's anti-apartheid activist mother dies". BBC (in Turanci). 2019-09-09. Retrieved 2020-01-04.
- ↑ Pritchard, Chris (1971-03-08). "The Education of Peter Hain". The Sydney Morning Herald. p. 7. Retrieved 2020-01-04 – via Newspapers.com.
- 1 2 3 "President Cyril Ramaphosa mourns passing of Adelaine Hain". South African Government. 11 September 2019. Retrieved 2020-01-05.