Afirkawan Amurka a Afirka

Afirkawan Amurka a Afirka

Tarihin zama na Afirka da Amurka a Afirka ya kai ga farkon dawo da bayi zuwa Afirka daga yankunan Turai a Amurka.

Tarihi

Tsaffin bayi

Shige da fice na 'Yan Afirka na Afirka, 'yan Indiyawan Yamma, da' yan Black Britons zuwa Afirka sun faru ne a ƙarshen karni na 18 zuwa tsakiyar karni na 19. A cikin shari'o'in Laberiya da Saliyo duka an kafa su ne ta hanyar 'yanci da aka dawo da su Afirka cikin shekaru 28.

Koyaya, an dawo da wasu tsoffin bayi daga wasu yankuna da yankuna na Turai. Mutanen Tabom sun fito ne daga tsoffin bayi na Afro-Brazilian waɗanda Portuguese suka fitar da su da son rai ko kuma da karfi zuwa Afirka (wasu daga cikinsu ana fitar da su bayan Bahia Malê Revolt a 1835); sun zama ƙabilar ƙarancin ƙabilu a yankunan bakin teku na Ghana da Togo na zamani.

Kungiyar komawa Afirka

Bayan kawar da bautar a Amurka da sauran wurare a Amurka, ƙungiyoyi da yawa don zama na Afirka a Afirka sun tashi kuma sun canza cikin shahara, da yawa daga cikinsu sun haɗa da yankuna - Maryland a Afirka, Kentucky a Afirka, Mississippi a Afirka, da sauransu - waɗanda za su haɗu don ƙirƙirar Laberiya. Jami'in abolitionist na Afirka da kuma jami'in Sojoji Martin Delany ya goyi bayan wani aikin shige da fice na Afirka zuwa Laberiya daga baya a rayuwarsa. Koyaya, ya ragu a ƙarshen ƙarni na 19 bayan jerin yaudara da ayyukan zamba da ke da alaƙa da motsi.

Da farko a shekara ta 1787, gwamnatin Burtaniya ta yi ƙoƙari na farko na zama da mutane a Saliyo. Kimanin 'yan Black Briton 300, waɗanda aka sani da Black Poor na London, sun zauna a yankin Saliyo a Yammacin Afirka. A cikin shekaru biyu, yawancin mambobin ƙauyen za su mutu daga cuta ko rikici tare da Mutanen Temne na yankin. A cikin shekara ta 1792, an yi ƙoƙari na biyu na sulhu lokacin da bayi 1,100 da aka 'yantar suka kafa Freetown tare da goyon baya daga mai ba da izini na Burtaniya Thomas Clarkson . An kara karfafa lambobin su lokacin da aka kai Maroons na Jamaica sama da 500 da farko zuwa Nova Scotia, sannan zuwa Saliyo a cikin 1800. Zuriyar 'yanci sune mutanen Creole na Saliyo.

Motsi na Back-to-Africa ya sake samun karbuwa tare da mai fafutuka na Jamaican Marcus Garvey da Ƙungiyar Ingantawa ta Duniya da Ƙungiyar Al'ummomin Afirka, waɗanda suka ba da shawarar girman kai tsakanin 'yan Afirka na Amurka kuma suka matsawa don dawo da zuriyar bayi zuwa Laberiya da Saliyo. Wannan motsi ya fadi a ƙarshen shekarun 1920, amma ya rinjayi duka Ƙasar Islama da ƙungiyar Rastafari; na ƙarshe, ɗan Jamaica wanda ya ga Haile Selassie I, sarkin Habasha, a matsayin sake haihuwar Yesu da Garvey a matsayin mai kula da tsarkaka, ya sami nasarar tabbatar da zama a Shashamane, wanda ya wanzu har zuwa yau kuma ya ƙunshi mutane sama da 200 daga cikin yawan birane na kusan 95,000.

Mutane

Ghana

Wani yanki na Afirka-Amurka yana mai da hankali ne a Accra, Ghana, wanda ke da kusan mazauna Afirka-Amurkan 10,000, da farko daga Amurka da Jamaica, waɗanda ke zaune a ƙasar a kan izinin aiki, tare da wasu a matsayin mazaunin dindindin. Accra ya daɗe yana jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido na Afirka tun lokacin da ƙasar ta zama ƙasar Afirka ta farko da ta sami 'yancin kai daga Ƙasar Ingila a shekara ta 1957 (WEB DuBois ya zauna a Ghana a shekarunsa na ƙarshe kuma an binne shi a Accra), kuma gwamnati ta yi shawarwari masu rikitarwa don samun ƙarin mazauna Afirka da masu yawon buɗe ido, gami da kafa dokar zama a shekara ta 2001. An kafa kungiyoyi don tallafawa mazaunan Afirka na Ghana, gami da Kungiyar Afirka ta Ghana.

Ya zuwa 2019, akwai 'yan Jamaica 4,000 da ke zaune a Ghana tare da kimanin' yan Afirka 5,000 da suka koma kasar a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.

Laberiya

Mutanen Americo-Liberian, ƙabilar Laberiya ce ta Afirka ta Amirka, Afro-Caribbean, da 'yan asalin Afirka. Irin wannan kabilanci ga Americo-Liberians sune Mutanen Creole na Saliyo, waɗanda suka raba irin wannan kakanninmu da al'adun da suka danganci. Americo-Liberians sun gano kakanninsu ga 'yan Afirka da aka haifa da kuma wadanda suka kasance bayi wadanda suka yi hijira a karni na 19 don zama wadanda suka kafa jihar Liberia. Sun bayyana a can a matsayin Americo-Liberians.

Saliyo

Wasu 'yan Afirka na Amurka, bayan sake zama a Kanada, sun kuma shiga matsayin masu kafa mazauna a Saliyo da sauran masu dawowa da suka zauna a Côte d'Ivoire na yanzu. Zuriyarsu su ne mutanen Creole na Saliyo.