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Afro-Asians a Kudancin Asiya

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Afro-Asians a Kudancin Asiya
Kabilu masu alaƙa
Afro-Asians (en) Fassara
Yarinyar Sheedi a Gujarat, Indiya

Afro-Asiya (ko Asiyawa na Afirka) al'ummomin Afirka ne waɗanda ke rayuwa a cikin yankin Indiya tsawon ƙarni kuma suka zauna a ƙasashe kamar Indiya, Pakistan, da Sri Lanka.

Wannan ya haɗa da Siddis (waɗanda suke zaune a Indiya da Pakistan sama da shekaru dubu) da Kaffirs a Sri Lanka.

Kasuwancin bayi na Afirka ta Gabas

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Kasuwancin bayi a Asiya ya kasance kafin cinikin bayi na Atlantic.[1] 'Yan kasuwa Larabawa sun kawo Siddis na farko a matsayin bayi zuwa Indiya a cikin shekarar 628 AD a tashar Bharuch.[2]

Siddis kuma an kawo su a matsayin bayi ta Deccan Sultanates. Tsofaffin bayi da dama sun samu matsayi mai girma a aikin soja da gudanarwa, wanda ya fi fice a cikinsu shi ne Malik Ambar.[3]

Wasu 'yan ƙabilar Bantu daga Kudu maso Gabashin Afirka kuma an shigo da su zuwa yankin Indiya a ƙarni na 16 a matsayin bayi na gida ta Portuguese. Yawancin waɗannan 'yan Afirka sun tsere daga ikon Portuguese, suna zaɓar su zama musulmi maimakon komawa Katolika, kamar yadda aka haramta Musulunci a yankunan Portuguese. Wasu tsiraru daga cikin bayin da suka tsere sun karɓi addinin Hindu saboda yawancin al'ummar Hindu[4] Nizam na Hyderabad kuma sun ɗauki masu gadi da sojoji na asalin Afirka.[5]

A cikin ƙarni na 17, gwagwarmayar mulkin mallaka ta samo asali a tsakanin Birtaniya, Faransa, da Dutch.[6][7] Faransawa da Dutch sun dogara da aikin bawa don noma da noma, bi da bi, yayin da Birtaniyya suka dogara ga bayi don sojojin ruwa, yadudduka na ruwa, da kuma masu yin caulkers a Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya. Wannan gasa ta neman rinjaye a yankin ta kai ga samun sarautar Birtaniyya, wadda ta ɗaure har zuwa ƙarni na 19.[8]

Yanayi ga bayi na Afirka da Asiya

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Duk da cewa bautar da ake yi a Indiya zalunci ne da rashin tausayi, inda sau da yawa ake yi wa bayi bulala da tilasta musu aiki a cikin mawuyacin hali tare da ƙarancin abinci, wasu mutane sun sami damar samun dukiya da tasiri musamman a zamanin musulmi.[9]

A matsayin bayi, an ba Sheedi damar wani mataki na motsi na zamantakewa wanda ya ba su damar hawa manyan muƙamai a cikin sojoji da hukumomin gwamnati.[10] Haka nan an ba wa bayi musulmi damar samun ilimi, aure, zama masu ba da shawara kan harkokin siyasa, da kuma ɗaukar wasu bayi ta hanyoyi kamar saye, jan hankali, ko kamawa.[10]

Kawar da bauta

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A ƙarni na 19, turawan ingila sun kawar da cinikin bayi amma kokarin da turawan ingila a yankin India da sauran turawan turai suka yi ya kaucewa wannan. Duk da haka, a cikin kowane zamani, an sami ci gaba da buƙatu na bayi na kai waɗanda ke aiki azaman mataimakan gida.[11] An ɗauke su a matsayin alamomin matsayi na zamantakewa. Halin tattalin arziki na mutane ya ƙayyade buƙatar bayi kuma shine tushen tushen yanayin bautar da ya ci gaba a cikin Ƙasar Indiya.

A lokacin mulkin mallaka na Biritaniya da sauran Turawa da mulkin mallaka, mutanen Afro-Asiya sun ƙara zama saniyar ware yayin da masu mulkin mallaka suka kawo ɗabi'a game da launin fata a cikin tsarin zamantakewa mai rikitarwa. Yawancin Afro-Asiya an raba su bisa tsari zuwa ƙauyuka ta yadda ba za su iya yin siyasa ba. Maimakon haka, an ƙarfafa su su haɗa kai.

Manazarta

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  1. ↑ Harris, J. E. (1971). The African Presence in Asia. Evanston: Northwestern University
  2. ↑ Yatin Pandya, Trupti Rawal (2002). The Ahmedabad Chronicle: Imprints of a Millennium. Vastu Shilpa Foundation for Studies and Research in Environmental Design. The first Muslims in Gujarat to have arrived are the Siddis via the Bharuch port in 628 AD ... The major group, though, arrived in 712 AD via Sindh and the north.... With the founding of Ahmedabad in 1411 AD it became the concentrated base of the community....
  3. ↑ "Malik Ambar: The African slave who built Aurangabad and ruined the game for Mughals in the Deccan". The Indian Express (in Turanci). 2020-05-15. Retrieved 2021-05-12.
  4. ↑ Empty citation (help)
  5. ↑ "Another face of Hyderabad - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2020-01-11.
  6. ↑ "Hyderabad's African old guard" (in Turanci). 2003-08-04. Retrieved 2020-01-11.
  7. ↑ "Another face of Hyderabad - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2020-01-11.
  8. ↑ Jayasuriya, S. D., & Pankhurst, R. (2003). "On the African Diaspora in the Indian Ocean". In S. d. Jayasuriya, & R. Pankhurst, The African Diaspora in the Indian Ocean (pp. 7-17). Trenton: Africa World Press.
  9. ↑ Basu, H. (2003). "Slave, Soldier, Trader, Faqir: Fragments of African Histories in Western India (Gujarat)". In S. d. Jayasuriya, & R. Pankhurst, The African Diaspora in the Indian Ocean (pp. 223-250). Trenton: Africa World Press
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Oka, R., & Kusimba, C. (2007). "Siddi as Mercenary or as African Success Story on the West Coast of India". In J. C. Hawley, India in Africa Africa in India: Indian Ocean Cosmopolitans (pp. 203-224). Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
  11. ↑ Alpers, E. (2003). "The African Diaspora In the Indian Ocean: A Comparative Perspective". In S. D. Jayasuriya, & R. Pankhurst, The African Diaspora In the Indian Ocean (pp. 19-51). Africa World Press.
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