Agustina na Aragon

Agustina na Aragon
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna	Agustina Raimunda Maria Saragossa i Domènech
Haihuwa	Barcelona da Reus (en) , 4 ga Maris, 1786
ƙasa	Ispaniya
Mutuwa	Ceuta, 29 Mayu 1857
Makwanci	Parish Church of Our Lady of Portillo (en) ; Santa Catalina Cemetery (en) ; Crypt of the Cathedral-Basilica of Our Lady of the Pillar of Zaragoza (en)
Ƴan uwa
Ƴan uwa	view Agustina Atienza y Cobos (mul) (granddaughter (en) );
Karatu
Harsuna	Yaren Sifen; Catalan (en)
Sana'a
Sana'a	Mayaƙi da freedom fighter (en)
Sunan mahaifi	Agustina de Aragón da La artillera de Aragón
Aikin soja
Digiri	sub-lieutenant (en)
Ya faɗaci	Peninsular War (en) ; First Siege of Zaragoza (en) ; Second Siege of Zaragoza (en) ; Action of July 2, 1808 (en)

Agustina Raimunda María Saragossa i Domènech (4 ga Maris, 1786 - 29 ga Mayu, 1857), wacce aka fi sani da Agustina ta Aragón, mace ce 'yar Spain wacce ta kare Spain a lokacin Yaƙin Yankin Teku, da farko a matsayin farar hula sannan daga baya a matsayin ƙwararriyar jami'a a Rundunar Sojojin Spain . An san ta da " Joan na Arc na Spain," ta kasance batun almara, tatsuniyoyi, da zane-zane da yawa, gami da zane-zane na Francisco Goya da waƙoƙin Lord Byron .

Siege na Zaragoza

A lokacin rani na 1808, Zaragoza na ɗaya daga cikin biranen ƙarshe a arewacin Spain waɗanda ba su fada hannun sojojin Napoleon ba sabili da haka, a lokacin Siege na farko na Zaragoza (1808), ya makale da adadi mai yawa na 'yan gudun hijira da ke tserewa daga Grande Armée mai ci gaba. A farkon watan Yuni, Faransanci sun fara ci gaba a kan Zaragoza, wanda bai ga yaƙi ba kusan shekaru 450 kuma ƙaramin rundunar lardin ne ke gudanar da shi a ƙarƙashin José de Palafox da Melci, wanda jaruntakarsa za ta zo ga abokin hamayyar Agustina.

A ranar 15 ga Yuni, 1808, sojojin Faransa sun mamaye Portillo, tsohuwar ƙofar shiga cikin birni da aka kare ta hanyar batirin tsoffin bindigogi da kuma ƙungiyar masu sa kai da yawa. Agustina, ta isa kan ganuwar tare da kwandon apples don ciyar da masu bindigogi, ta kalli masu karewa da ke kusa da su fadawa ga bayonets na Faransa. Sojojin Mutanen Espanya sun karya matsayi, bayan sun sha wahala sosai, kuma sun watsar da wuraren aikinsu. Tare da sojojin Faransa da ke da nisan 'yan yadudduka, Agustina kanta ta gudu zuwa gaba, ta ɗora bindiga, kuma ta kunna fuse, ta fashe da tarin masu kai hari a bayyane.

Ganin wata mace da ke jin daɗi tana kula da bindigogi ya yi wa sojojin Mutanen Espanya da ke gudu da sauran masu sa kai su dawo su taimaka mata. Bayan gwagwarmayar jini, Faransanci sun daina kai hari kan Zaragoza kuma sun watsar da kewaye da su na 'yan gajeren makonni kafin su dawo don yin yaƙi da hanyarsu ta shiga cikin birni, gida-gida. Tare da farashin mutum ya zama mummunan gaske a bangarorin biyu kuma tsaron birnin ya lalace, Palafox a ƙarshe ya yarda da abin da ba za a iya gujewa ba kuma an tilasta masa ya mika birnin ga Faransanci. Duk da cin nasara, aikin Agustina ya zama wahayi ga waɗanda ke adawa da Faransanci.

Rubutun asali a kan Agustina ya nuna cewa ba ta da kishin kasa ko ibada, amma yarinya ce ta yau da kullun da yaƙi ya motsa. A cikin dabi'un lokacin, wata mace da ta ɗauki ayyukan "maza" ta haifar da matsala. Koyaya, yayin da aka yi la'akari da Sarkin Spain da aka ɗaure a kurkuku da Allah, Ikilisiyar ta ayyana shi aikin kowane Mutanen Espanya ya ɗauki makamai a kan masu kama shi.

Wuraren daban-daban suna da'awar cewa an haifi Agustina. Yawancin tarihin rayuwa sun nuna cewa an haife ta ne a Reus, a Tarragona, a shekara ta 1786. Tun tana ƙarama, iyalinta sun koma Madrid. Ta nuna 'yancin kai na tunani tun tana ƙarama kuma rubuce-rubuce sun nuna cewa ta kasance mai ci gaba da damuwa, tana rataye a kusa da Bariki Sojoji tana da shekaru 13.

Kodayake sanannen tarihi ya rubuta cewa ta yi aure don soyayya tana da shekaru 16, ana jayayya da shekarun ɗanta a lokacin mutuwarsa, yana nuna cewa tana iya kasancewa cikin ciki a lokacin aurenta da mai bindigar bindiga mai suna Joan Roca Vila-Seca . Sunan ɗanta na fari bai bayyana a cikin sanannen rikodin ba, kodayake dutse na kabari ya nuna sunansa Eugenio ne. Kodayake mijinta yana cikin sojoji yayin da Yakin Peninsular ya ɓarke, sai ta bar shi ba zato ba tsammani ya koma gidan 'yar'uwarta a Zaragoza.

Jagora a cikin juriya

Hoton Agustina a matsayin Mai ceto Zaragoza, duk da haka, ya rufe ayyukanta na baya. Bayan an kama ta, an daure ta kuma ta ga Eugenio ya mutu a hannun masu tsaron Faransa. Daga baya ta tsere da ƙarfin zuciya kuma ta zama jagoran 'Yan tawaye mai ƙarancin matsayi ga' yan tawaye, tana taimakawa wajen shirya hare-hare da hare-hare waɗanda suka tsananta wa Faransanci. Yayin da yanayin dabarun ya lalace ga Sojojin Faransa, rawar da ta taka ta zama mai mahimmanci yayin da Duke na Wellington ya ba da kayan aiki da horo a ɓoye.

Dubi kuma

Casta Álvarez
Juana Galán
Maria Pita
Deborah Sampson
Manuela Sancho
Molly Pitcher
Pancha Carrasco
Anna Maria Lane
Giuseppa Bolognara Calcagno

Manazarta

Evan S. Connell Francisco Goya, Life & Times. [Hasiya] ISBN 1-58243-308-9 ISBN 1-58243-308-9