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Air India Flight 182

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Air India Flight 182
airliner bombing (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Kwanan wata 23 ga Yuni, 1985
Start point (en) Fassara Toronto Pearson International Airport (en) Fassara
Wurin masauki Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport (en) Fassara
Vessel (mul) Fassara Boeing 747 (mul) Fassara
Ma'aikaci Air India
Depicted by (en) Fassara Air India: Explosive Evidence (en) Fassara
Aircraft registration (en) Fassara VT-EFO
Wuri
Map
 51°03′36″N 12°49′00″W / 51.06°N 12.8167°W / 51.06; -12.8167

Jirgin Air India Flight 182 jirgin fasinja ne da ke aiki a kan hanyar Montreal-Landan-Delhi-Mumbai wanda, a ranar 23 ga Yuni 1985, ya rushe a kan Tekun Atlantika sakamakon fashewa daga bam din da 'yan ta'adda Sikh na Kanada suka dasa.* Johnston, Ingrid; Mangat, Jyoti (2012), Johnston, Ingrid; Mangat, Jyoti (eds.), Spaces of Impact, Reading Practices, Postcolonial Literature, and Cultural Mediation in the Classroom, Rotterdam: SensePublishers, pp. 1–13, doi:10.1007/978-94-6091-705-9_1, ISBN 978-94-6091-705-9, retrieved 21 September 2023

  • Goldman, Zachary K.; Rascoff, Samuel J. (2016). Global Intelligence Oversight: Governing Security in the Twenty-First Century. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-045809-6.
  • Hamilton, Dwight (1 February 2007). Inside Canadian Intelligence: Exposing the New Realities of Espionage and International Terrorism. Dundurn. p. 128. ISBN 978-1-55002-729-7.
  • Caldwell, Dan; Jr, Robert E. Williams (2011). Seeking Security in an Insecure World. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 978-1-4422-0805-6.
  • Rubin, Barry; Rubin, Judith Colp (2015). Chronologies of Modern Terrorism. Routledge. p. 145. ISBN 978-1-317-47465-4.
  • Martin, Gus (2011). The Sage Encyclopedia of Terrorism (2nd ed.). Sage Publications. p. 544. ISBN 978-1-4522-6638-1.
  • Gurski, Phil (2015). The Threat From Within: Recognizing Al Qaeda-Inspired Radicalization and Terrorism in the West. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 11. ISBN 978-1-4422-5562-3.</ref> An yi amfani da shi ta amfani da Boeing 747-237B mai rajista VT-EFO. Lamarin ya faru ne a kan hanyar daga Montreal zuwa London a tsawo na ƙafa 31,000 (9,400 . Ragowar jirgin ya fadi cikin teku kimanin kilomita 190 (mil 120) daga bakin tekun Ireland, inda ya kashe dukkan mutane 329 da ke cikin jirgin, ciki har da 'yan ƙasar Kanada 268,' yan Burtaniya 27, da' yan Indiya 22. Harin bam na Air India Flight 182 shine mafi munin harin ta'addanci a tarihin Kanada kuma shine mafi munya mummunan aikin ta'addancin jirgin sama a duniya har zuwa harin 11 ga Satumba a shekara ta 2001. Ya kasance mafi munin abin da ya faru a cikin jirgin sama a tarihin Air India. [1] An yi imanin cewa masu kula da fashewar bam din Inderjit Singh Reyat ne, dan kasar Burtaniya da Kanada, wanda ya yi ikirarin laifi a shekara ta 2003, da Talwinder Singh Parmar, shugaban 'yan Sikh na Kanada, wanda yake daya daga cikin manyan mutane da ke da alaƙa da kungiyar ta'addanci Babbar Khalsa. [2][3][4]

Kashe shirin ya haifar da sakamako na kasa da kasa kuma ya shafi 'yan ƙasa da gwamnatoci daga jihohi biyar. Babbar Khalsa, wani dan ta'addan Sikh da kungiyar 'yan tawaye ta Khalistani, an shigar da shi amma ba a tabbatar da shi ba ne ke da alhakin fashewar bam din.[5] Kodayake an kama mutane da yawa kuma an yi musu shari'a don Kashewa bam din Air India, mutumin da aka yanke masa hukunci shi ne Inderjit Singh Reyat, wanda ya yi ikirarin laifi a shekara ta 2003 don kisan kai. An yanke masa hukuncin shekaru goma sha biyar a kurkuku saboda tattara bama-bamai da suka fashe a cikin jirgin Air India Flight 182 da kuma Narita .

Binciken da ya biyo baya da gurfanar da shi ya kai kusan shekaru ashirin. Wannan shine gwajin da ya fi tsada a tarihin Kanada, wanda ya kai kusan dala miliyan 130.  Wadanda ake tuhuma biyu, Ripudaman Singh Malik da Ajaib Singh Bagri, dukansu ba su da laifi.

Gwamna Janar-in-Council a shekara ta 2006 ya nada tsohon Alkalin Kotun Koli John C. Major don gudanar da kwamiti na bincike. Rahotonsa, wanda aka kammala kuma aka saki a ranar 17 ga Yuni 2010, ya kammala cewa "jerin kurakurai" na Gwamnatin Kanada, Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), da Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) sun ba da izinin kai hari.

  1. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Hoffman 144
  2. "Inderjit Singh Reyat, only person convicted in Air India bombing, released from halfway house – BC". GlobalNews.ca (in Turanci). Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  3. "Canada sets free 1985 Air India flight Kanishka bomber Inderjit Singh Reyat". India Today (in Turanci). 16 February 2017. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  4. "Men acquitted in Air India bombings". NBC News (in Turanci). 16 March 2005. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  5. Roach, Kent (2011). "The Air India Report and the Regulation of Charities and Terrorism Financing". The University of Toronto Law Journal. 61 (1): 46. doi:10.3138/utlj.61.1.045. ISSN 0042-0220. JSTOR 23018688.