Akio morita

Akio Morita (26 Janairu 1921 – 3 Oktoba 1999) ya kasance ɗan kasuwa kuma ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kafa kamfanin Sony Corporation.  An fi saninsa da rawar da ya taka wajen haɓaka fasahar zamani da kuma sauya yadda duniya ke kallon kayayyakin da aka ƙera a Japan.

Farkon Rayuwa da Ilimi

An haifi Morita a birnin Nagoya, Japan, cikin iyali mai dogon tarihi a harkar sarrafa giya ta gargajiya (sake), miso, da soy sauce tun daga ƙarni na 17.  Duk da cewa an shirya shi ya gaji kasuwancin iyalinsu, ya fi sha'awar kimiyya da fasaha.  Ya kammala karatunsa a fannin lissafi da kimiyyar lissafi (physics) daga Jami'ar Osaka Imperial a shekarar 1944.  A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, ya yi aiki a matsayin sub-lieutenant a rundunar sojan ruwa ta Japan, inda ya haɗu da Masaru Ibuka, wanda daga baya suka kafa Sony tare.  

Kafa Sony da Ci Gaban Kamfani

A watan Satumba na shekarar 1945, Ibuka ya kafa wani shagon gyaran rediyo a Tokyo.  Morita ya karanta labarin wannan shago a jarida, kuma bayan wasu tattaunawa, ya yanke shawarar haɗuwa da Ibuka a Tokyo.  Tare da tallafin kuɗi daga mahaifin Morita, suka kafa kamfanin Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha (Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering Corporation) a shekarar 1946 tare da ma'aikata kusan 20 da jari na ¥190,000.  

A cikin shekarar 1950, kamfanin ya ƙera na'urar rikodin sauti ta farko a Japan.  A shekarar 1958, sun canza sunan kamfanin zuwa "Sony", wanda ya samo asali daga kalmar Latin "sonus" (ma'ana sauti) da kalmar Turanci "sonny", wadda ke nuni da matasa.  Morita ya jagoranci buɗe Sony Corporation of America a shekarar 1960, kuma a shekarar 1961, Sony ta zama kamfanin Japan na farko da aka jera a kasuwar hannun jari ta New York.  

Gudummawa ga Fasaha da Duniya

Morita ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka kayayyakin fasaha kamar:

Walkman: Wani ƙaramin na'urar sauraron kiɗa mai ɗaukar hoto, wanda aka ƙaddamar a shekarar 1979.

Discman: Na'urar kunna CD mai ɗaukar hoto, wanda aka fitar a shekarar 1984.

Betamax: Na'urar rikodin bidiyo ta gida, wanda aka ƙaddamar a shekarar 1975.

Trinitron: Fasahar tube na talabijin mai inganci, wanda aka fitar a shekarar 1968.

A ƙarƙashin jagorancinsa, Sony ta sayi CBS Records Group a shekarar 1988 da Columbia Pictures Entertainment a shekarar 1989, wanda ya haɓaka Sony zuwa fannin nishaɗi da fina-finai.  

Lada da Girmamawa

Morita ya samu lambobin yabo da dama, ciki har da:

Albert Medal daga Royal Society of Arts na Birtaniya a shekarar 1982.

Légion d'Honneur daga Faransa a shekarar 1984.

Order of the Sacred Treasure, First Class daga Sarkin Japan a shekarar 1991.

Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) a shekarar 1993.

A shekarar 1998, mujallar Time ta sanya shi cikin jerin mutane 20 mafi tasiri a fannin kasuwanci na ƙarni na 20.  

Rayuwa ta Karshe da Mutuwa

A shekarar 1993, Morita ya kamu da bugun jini yayin wasa da tennis, wanda ya sa ya yi ritaya daga shugabancin Sony a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba, 1994.  Ya rasu a ranar 3 ga Oktoba, 1999, a asibiti da ke Tokyo sakamakon cutar huhu (pneumonia), yana da shekaru 78.  

Littattafai

Morita ya rubuta tarihin rayuwarsa a cikin littafin Made in Japan: Akio Morita and Sony a shekarar 1986, inda ya bayyana tarihin kafa Sony da hangen nesansa game da kasuwanci da fasaha.