Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-As

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Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-As
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Makkah, 
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi Abu al-'As ibn Umayyah
Yara
Ahali Safiyyah bint Abi al-'As (en) Fassara, Uthman ibn Abi al-'As (en) Fassara da Affan ibn Abi al-'As (en) Fassara
Sana'a
Imani
Addini Musulunci

Al-Hakam bn Abi al-'As ibn Umayya (Larabci: الحكم بن أبي العاص; ya rasu 655/56), shi ne mahaifin wanda ya assasa zuriyar Marwanid na daular Umayyad, Marwan I (r. 684-685), da kuma kawun mahaifin Halifa Usman (r. 644–656). An san shi a matsayin babban mai adawa da annabin Musulunci Muhammad, kuma aka yi masa hijira sa’ad da suka kama garinsu na Makka a shekara ta 630. Daga baya Muhammadu ya yafe shi, ko dai ta hannun Muhammadu ko kuma Usman.

Tarihin rayuwa[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Al-Hakam dan Abu al-As ibn Umayya ne. Kakansa na uba shi ne kakan zuriyar Banu Umayyawa da daular Umayyawa. Al-Hakam ya auri Amina bint Alqama bn Safwan al-kinaniyya bayan ya rabu da dan uwansa Affan.[1] Ta haifi dan al-Hakam, Marwan, wanda ya zama halifan Banu Umayyawa a shekara ta 684-685, kuma shi ne zuriyar dukkan halifofin Umayyawa da suka biyo baya.[1] Ya haifi 'ya'ya maza, ciki har da al-Harith, Yahya, Abd al-Rahman, Aban da Habib da 'ya mace Umm al-Banin.

An san Al-Hakam da tsananin adawa da annabin musulunci Muhammad don haka ne ya yi gudun hijira daga Makka zuwa garin Taif da ke kusa.[2] Bisa tarihin al-Tabari masanin tarihi na karni na 9, Muhammadu ya yafewa al-Hakam daga baya kuma aka bar shi ya koma garinsu.[3] Duk da haka, a cikin tarihin al-Yaqubi ɗan tarihi na ƙarni na 9, al-Hakam ya ƙyale shi ya koma Makka a hannun ɗan wansa, Halifa Uthman bn Affan (r. 644-656), bayan da biyun da suka gabata suka ki amincewa da kokensa na komawa Makka. halifofi, Abubakar (r. 632-634) da Umar (r. 634-644).[4] Sayyidina Uthman ya yi wa ‘yan uwansa wata alfarma ta musamman kuma ya girmama al-Hakam, tare da ‘yan uwansa Banu Umayyawa Abu Sufyan da al-Walid ibn Uqba da Banu Hashim mamba al-Abbas bn Abd al-Muddalib, ta hanyar ba su damar zama a kan karagarsa Madina.[5] Al-Hakam ya rasu a shekara ta 655/56.[6]

Manazarta[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Donner 2014, p. 106.
  2. ↑ Humphreys 1990, p. 227, n. 48.
  3. ↑ Humphreys 1990, p. 227.
  4. ↑ Gordon 2018, p. 799.
  5. ↑ Madelung 1997, p. 109.
  6. ↑ Sears 2003, p. 10.

Littafi Mai Tsarki[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

  • Donner, Fred (2014). "Was Marwan ibn al-Hakam the First "Real" Muslim". In Savant, Sarah Bowen; de Felipe, Helena (eds.). Genealogy and Knowledge in Muslim Societies: Understanding the Past. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4497-1.
  • Madelung, Wilferd (1997). The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-56181-7.
  • Sears, Stuart D. (March 2003). "The Legitimation of al-Hakam b. al-'As: Umayyad Government in Seventh-Century Kirman". Iranian Studies. Taylor & Francis. 36 (1): 5–25. doi:10.1080/021086032000062587. JSTOR 4311489.
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