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Alexander Forbes (mai bincike)

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Alexander Forbes (mai bincike)
Rayuwa
Haihuwa 1778
ƙasa Tarayyar Amurka
Mutuwa 1862
Sana'a
Sana'a mabudi, Masanin tarihi da ɗan kasuwa

Alexander Forbes (1778–1862) was a 19th-century Scottish merchant, explorer, and author.[1] His book California: A History of Upper and Lower California, published in 1839, is perhaps the first full account in English of California.[2] He is the brother of distinguished Scottish physician Sir John Forbes.[3]

Forbes ya girma a cikin yankunan Banffshire da Aberdeenshire . A wani lokaci, ya yi hijira zuwa Tepic, Mexico, inda ya yi rayuwa a matsayin dan kasuwa. An kuma rubuta shi a matsayin wakilin Burtaniya a Mexico. A lokacin da yake nan ne ya rubuta littafinsa. Ɗaya daga cikin fannoni masu ban mamaki na littafin shine Forbes ya rubuta shi ba tare da ya ziyarci California a lokacin ba.[2]

A lokacin da Forbes ke rubutu, California lardin Mexico ne. Forbes ya yi amfani da asusun Franciscan Padres na California don sanar da aikinsa, da kuma wasu wakilai, ciki har da kudancin California da mai mallakar ƙasa Abel Stearns.[4] Ayyukansa sun ƙunshi cikakkun bayanai game da California ta Mexico, gami da asusun aikin gona na California da shimfidar wuri. Forbes ya ba da shawarar cewa Ƙasar Ingila ta mallaki California, kuma ta ba da shawarar que za a iya ba da yankin ga Burtaniya don dawo da bashin Mexico ga Gwamnatin Burtaniya

A cikin 1846, Barron, Forbes & Co., wanda ya ƙunshi Forbes, Eustace Barron (wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da shawara a gabansa), da mataimakin mai ba da izini na Burtaniya a California, James Alexander Forbes (babu dangantaka), sun sayi ma'adanai na New Almaden daga Andrés Castillero, wanda ya tabbatar da cewa yana da fa'ida sosai. Koyaya, wani mutum, José de los Reyes Berreyesa, shi ma ya yi ikirarin ma'adinin ne bisa ga cewa ya kasance a ƙasar da gwamnan Mexico na Alta California ya ba shi a cikin Kyautar ƙasa. Bugu da ƙari, Justo Larias ya kuma yi ikirarin mallakar, har ma gwamnatin Amurka ta shiga don da'awar cewa ma'adinin ya kasance a ƙasar jama'a. Wani shari'a mai rikitarwa da ya shafi dokokin Mexico da Yarjejeniyar Guadalupe Hidalgo wanda The New York Times ta bayyana a matsayin "ɗaya daga cikin manyan shari'o'in farar hula a wannan ko kowace ƙasa", Amurka v. Andres Castillero daga ƙarshe ya kai Kotun Koli ta Amurka inda a ƙarshe aka yanke shawarar a 1862 cewa, ma'adinin yana kan tallafin Larias, kuma cewa murhu da ci gaban kamfanin a ƙasa da tudun suna kan tallafin Berreyessa. Kamfanin ya sayi waɗannan lakabi guda biyu sannan ya sayar da duk aikin a 1864 ga Kamfanin Ma'adinai na quicksilver.

Forbes, duk da haka, ya koma Landan a 1848 don zama tare da ɗan'uwansa. Sun yi ritaya zuwa Whitchurch-on-Thames a shekara ta 1859 bayan ɗan'uwansa ya sha wahala da jerin bugun jini.[3] Forbes ya mutu a shekara ta 1862 yana da shekaru 84.

  1. "David Spilman Fine Books". Retrieved 8 March 2025.[permanent dead link]
  2. 1 2 "Images". OIEAHC 11th Annual Conference. Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. Archived from the original on 2 August 2008. Retrieved 2013-04-21.
  3. 1 2 Agnew, Robin. "Agnew RAL. John Forbes FRS (1787-1861)". The James Lind Library. Archived from the original on 2008-03-24. Retrieved 2008-01-22.
  4. "David Spilman Fine Books". Retrieved 8 March 2025.[permanent dead link]