Allolin ba su da laifi

Allolin ba su da laifi
Asali
Mawallafi	Ola Rotimi
Lokacin bugawa	1971
Asalin suna	The Gods Are Not To Blame
Ƙasar asali	Najeriya
Bugawa	Oxford University Press (mul)
Characteristics
Harshe	Turanci

 

Allolin Ba Su Da Laifi wasa ne na 1968 da kuma littafin 1971 na Ola Rotimi . Daidaituwa da wasan kwaikwayo na gargajiya na Girka Oedipus Rex, labarin ya ta'allaka ne akan Odewale, wanda aka ruɗe shi cikin ma'anar tsaro ta ƙarya, sai dai ko ta yaya ya kama shi a cikin wani ɗan gajeren yanayi na abubuwan da suka faru ta allolin ƙasar.

An kafa littafin ne a wani lokaci mara tabbas na mulkin Yoruba. Wannan sake aiki na Oedipus Rex ya kasance wani ɓangare na gasar rubuce-rubucen wasan kwaikwayo na Afirka (Arts d'Afrique) a shekarar 1969. An yi bikin wasan kwaikwayon Rotimi a kan lambobi biyu: da farko yana haskakawa a matsayin gidan wasan kwaikwayo kuma daga baya ya tara muhimmiyar wallafe-wallafen wallafe-wallo. Wannan labarin yana mai da hankali musamman kan wasan kwaikwayo na 1968.

Halin da ake kira

Odewale: Sarkin Kutuje, wanda ya tashi zuwa mulki ta hanyar kashe tsohon sarki ba tare da saninsa ba, Sarki Adetusa, wanda, ba a saninsa ba ne, mahaifinsa ne. Hanyar da ya kashe mahaifinsa an bayyana shi a cikin wani abu lokacin da abokinsa na yaro, Alaka, ya zo Kutuje don ya tambaye shi dalilin da ya sa bai kasance a ƙauyen Ede ba kamar yadda ya ce zai kasance lokacin da ya tafi yana da shekaru goma sha uku. Kamar yadda yake da wasan Girka, Oedipus Tyrannus iyayensa na sarauta sun karɓi annabci daga Baba Fakunle cewa Odewale zai girma don kashe iyayensa. Don hana wannan faruwa, Sarki Adetusa ya ba da umarnin a kashe Odewale. Maimakon haka, an lulluɓe shi da fararen zane (yana nuna mutuwa) kuma an bar shi a cikin daji mai nisa daga Kutuje. Wani manomi mai farauta Ogun ne ya same shi kuma ya tashe shi tare da matarsa Mobe. Odewale ya fuskanci Gbonka, manzo, wanda ya ba da labarin abin da ya haifar da ƙarshen Sarki Adetusa. Tare da Firist na Ogun, an bayyana masa cewa tsohon sarki mahaifinsa ne, kuma Ojuola mahaifiyarsa ce. 

Ojuola: Matar marigayi Sarki Adetusa, kuma matar Sarki Odewale ta yanzu. Ita ce mahaifiyar yara shida: biyu a ƙarƙashin Sarki Adetusa (Odewale da Aderepo), da hudu a ƙarƙashin Sarki Odewale (Adewale, Adebisi, Oyeyemi, Adeyinka). An ba ta annabci, tare da Sarki Adetusa, cewa ɗansu, Odewale, zai girma wata rana ya kwace kursiyin, ya kashe mahaifinsa kuma ya auri mahaifiyarsa. A matsayinta na sarauniyar masarautar Kutuje, ta sami kanta tana aiki a matsayin lamirin Odewale, tana kwantar da hankalinta lokacin da ya fara yin aiki mara hankali. Lokacin da Firist na Ogun ya bayyana cewa Ojuola, a zahiri, mahaifiyar Odewale ce, sai ta tafi ɗakinta kuma ta kashe kanta.

Aderopo: Ɗan'uwan Odewale, kuma ɗan Sarki Adetusa da Ojuola. Odewale ya zarge shi da kasancewa da wasu dalilai na karbar kursiyin daga gare shi, har ya kai ga cewa Aderopo ya ba da cin hanci ga mai duba, Baba Fakunle, na ba da labarin ƙarya game da abin da zai zo. An kuma zargi Aderopo da yada jita-jita cewa Odewale ne ya kashe tsohon sarki, Adetusa.

Sarki Adetusa: Tsohon sarki na Kutuje. Duk da kokarin da ya yi na hana annabcin cewa ɗansa, Odewale, zai girma ya ɗauki kursiyin ta hanyar kashe shi, an kashe shi lokacin da ya sadu da ɗansa, wanda yanzu ya girma, a ƙauyen Ede.

Baba Fakunle: Makaho, tsoho, Baba Fakunles yana aiki a matsayin mai duba ga waɗanda ke neman shi. Odewale ya kira shi don neman hanyar kawar da wahalar mulkinsa. Baba Fakunle ya gaya masa cewa tushen aljihun masarautar yana tare da shi. Bayan jayayya, Baba Fakunle ya kira Odewale "mai kisan kai," yana nuni da harin da ya faru a kan yam a Ede, inda Odewale ya kashe Sarki Adetusa, ba tare da saninsa ba.

Alaka: Abokin Odewale tun yana yaro. Alaka ta fito ne daga ƙauyen Ishokun . Ya zo Kutuje don ya gaya wa Odewale cewa mutumin da ya kira mahaifinsa ya wuce shekaru biyu da suka gabata kuma mahaifiyarsa, ko da yake ta tsufa, har yanzu tana da lafiya. A lokacin wasan ne Odewale ya bayyana wa Alaka dalilin da ya sa ya bar ƙauyen Ede, inda Odewale ya ce zai zauna bayan ya bar Ishokun lokacin da yake da shekaru goma sha uku.

Gbonka: Tsohon manzo na marigayi Sarki Adetusa . Gbonka ya kasance lokacin da aka kashe Sarki Adetusa a hannun Odewale. Kusan ƙarshen wasan, Gbonka ya sake ba da labarin wannan taron ga Odewale, wanda ya haifar da gano cewa Odewale a zahiri ɗan tsohon sarki ne, kuma ɗan sarauniya na yanzu, da mahaifiyarsa, Ojuola.

Makirci

Yawan Ayyuka da Al'amuran Wasan ya kunshi ayyuka uku da al'amuran goma kamar haka;

Ayyuka na 1: Abubuwa 2

Ayyuka na 2: wurare 4

Ayyuka na 3: 4 wurare

Gabatarwa

Alloli Ba Su Laifi na Ola Rotimi shine jerin abubuwan da suka faru a rayuwar Sarki Odewale. Rotimi ya rufe makomar Odewale ta hanyar sanya al'ajabi a rayuwarsa ta haihuwa. Mummunan kaddarar Odewale, ko mai gani yayi shiru, ko ma iyayensa basu bada umarnin a kashe shi ba.

Ayyuka na I

Odewale ya mamaye Kutuje tare da shugabanninsa a gefen sa, kuma shugaban farko na garin ya ayyana shi Sarki. Sarki ya nuna tausayi ga mutanen garin saboda cutar da ke addabar su. Ya kawo yaransa marasa lafiya zuwa garin don su gani, ta wannan hanyar sun san cewa iyalinsa ma suna shan wahala. Aderopo ya ba Odewale labari mai kyau daga Orunmila game da rashin lafiya da ke kewaye da masarautar, amma tare da labarai masu kyau ya zo da mummunan. Odewale ya fahimci cewa akwai la'ana a ƙasar, kuma don cutar ta daina zagayawa dole ne a kawar da la'anar. Odewale ya gano cewa mutumin da aka la'anta ya kashe Sarki Adetusa I.

Ayyuka na II

Dattawan ƙauyen sun taru don tattauna zargin da aka yi wa Odewale. An kawo wani makaho mai duba, Baba Fakunle, don raba tare da Odewale mai kisan tsohon sarki. Odewale ya fara zargin wani makirci da aka yi masa, wanda Aderopo ya jagoranci, ga daya daga cikin shugabannin ƙauyen don mayar da martani ga shiru na Baba Fakunle. Aderopo ya isa kuma Odewale ya fuskanci shi nan da nan game da zarginsa. Aderopo ya musanta zargin, kuma Odewale ya kira Firist na Ogun. Odewale ya kori Aderopo daga masarautar.

Ayyuka na III

Yayin da wasan ya zo kusa, Sarki Odewale da mutanen garin har yanzu suna ƙoƙarin gano la'anar a ƙauyen. A wannan lokacin an gabatar da mu ga Alaka, wanda ya yi iƙirarin ya san Sarki Odewale tun kafin ya zo ya ci Kutuje. Odewale ya furta cewa rayuwarsa ta ɓace lokacin da ya kashe wani mutum. Daga baya, Ojuola ya bayyana cewa Baba Fakunle ya sa ta kashe ɗanta na fari, ya gamsu cewa ɗanta na farko ya kawo rashin sa'a. Odewale ya gaya wa ƙasar cewa babbar matsala a yau ba rashin lafiya ba ce amma a maimakon haka annoba ce a zukatan su. A cikin ɓangaren ƙarshe Odewale ya bar. Odewale ya kawo gaskiya ga mutanen ƙasar. Odewale ya rufe wasan ta hanyar cewa, "allahn sun yi ƙarya" Nathaniel.

Taken da kuma abubuwan da suka faru

Alamar Afirka

A cikin The God's Ba To Laifi, Rotimi ya ƙunshi jigogi da yawa, kamar al'adu da alaƙa da tsarin zamantakewar al'ummar Afirka. Al'adar tana wakiltar "hanyar rayuwa ga al'umma gaba ɗaya", kamar yadda aka lura a cikin Ayyukan Rikici na Pragmatic - Karin Magana a cikin Ola Rotimi's The Gods Are Not to Case . Dukkanin sakonnin da aka isar, duk da cewa sun hada wasan tare da baiwa masu kallo damar karantawa, amma wasan na iya zama wata alama ta yadda wasu daga cikin al'ummomin Afirka ke tsara tsarin da aka gabatar a cikin wasan. Ayyukan da aka nuna a al'adun Yarbawa sun nuna tsarin duka abubuwan zamantakewa da tattalin arziki. Jagoranci a cikin wasan yana kwatanta kwatancen Sarki da yawancin mutanen gari. Mutum ya gano cewa matsayinsu idan aka kwatanta da na Sarki Odewale ya zama babban misali na al’amuran zamantakewa. A cikin tsarin tattalin arziki, mutum ya lura da albarkatun da al'adun Yarbawa ke ɗauka don kiyaye lafiya da lafiya. A lokacin rashin lafiya, mutanen garin sun dogara ne kawai ga ganyayen da ake amfani da su a matsayin yunƙurin warkar da “la’anar” da aka yi wa mutane.

Al'adun Yoruba da tasiri

Al'adun Yoruba da Yoruba sun rinjayi alloli ba su da laifi. Ola Rotimi yana da ilimi mai yawa da sha'awa ga al'adun Afirka, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin ikonsa na magana da kabilun kabilanci da yawa, kamar Yoruba, Ijaw, Hausa, da pidgin. A cikin aikinsa, Rotimi ya ɗauki tatsuniyoyin gargajiya na Yoruban, waƙoƙi, da sauran abubuwan gargajiya na Afirka, kuma ya yi amfani da shi ga tsarin Bala'in Girka.

Halin ban dariya Alaka, alal misali, yana wakiltar yarinta Odewale yana girma a ƙauyen Ishokun. Ishokun, a cikin wasan, ƙaramin ƙauye ne na noma, inda Odewale ya koyi girbi yams. Ta hanyar haɗa Alaka a cikin sabon yanayin Odewale, Kutuje, Rotimi ya kwatanta bambancin al'adu tsakanin rayuwar gargajiya ta Yoruban, tare da na masana'antu na yamma. Rotimi, don mayar da martani ga Yaƙin basasar Najeriya, ya ce asalin dalilin rikici tsakanin 'yan Najeriya, na zubar da jini, shine rashin amincewar kabilanci wanda ya kai ga nuna ƙiyayya. Ya ce a cikin Afirka Bayan mulkin mallaka, yawancin zargi game da wahalar da 'yan asalin Afirka suka samu sakamakon ikon mulkin mallaka ne. Ga wannan Rotimi ya yi jayayya cewa yayin da wasu daga cikin wahalar na iya zama sakamakon yunkurin cin nasarar mulkin mallaka, ƙiyayya mai tsawo da ake ji da warwatse tsakanin 'yan Najeriya, da' yan Najeriya, ba za a iya zargi kawai da wata jam'iyya ta waje ba. Ya ji cewa makomar al'adun Najeriya ba za a iya ci gaba da zargi da karfi daga baya ba, kamar yadda Odewale zai zargi wahalar mutanensa, a cikin mulkinsa, akan zunuban tsohon sarki, Adetusa.

Ka'idar Yoruba

The Gods Are Not To Blame yana nunawa sosai a kan watakila mafi kyawun labari na watsa al'adu wanda wayewa ke jin daɗi game da kansa a matsayin hanyar bayyana ci gaba da kansa. Wasan Rotimi ya yi haka ba kawai ta hanyar yin wasan kwaikwayo na wannan labari tare da wasu misalai masu ban dariya ba, har ma ta hanyar haɗa wannan labari tare le tsarin Yoruba na watsa al'adu.

Mulkin mallaka

A cewar Barbara Goff da Michael Simpson, "wasan a matsayin almara na mulkin mallaka kuma, hakika mulkin mallaka" Abubuwan da suka faru game da mulkin mallaka a cikin The Gods Are Not To Blame suna wakiltar siyasa a tarihin Afirka. Lokacin da tsohon ya karɓi ƙasar Odewale kwatanci ne na mulkin mallaka. Yana game da samun iko a kan ƙasar kuma Odewale ba shi da iko saboda tsoho ya ɗauke shi daga gare shi, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ya juya hoe, wanda kayan aikin lambu ne, zuwa takobi. Tsohon mutumin shi ma mahaifinsa ne, kodayake Odewale bai san wannan ba a lokacin. Mahaifinsa ya yi wa Odewale abin da masu mulkin mallaka na Turai suka yi wa Afirka.

Harshe

Amfani da tatsuniyoyi tare da rawa a cikin wasan. Akin Odebunmi a cikin Misalai masu motsawa A cikin Ola Rotimi's "The Gods Are Not to Blame" yana amfani da tatsuniyoyi da raye-raye da aka kafa a cikin al'adun Yoruba wanda ke taimakawa a matsayin tushen wasan. Wasu fannoni na matsalolin zamantakewa da al'adu da harshe na koyar da Turanci ga ɗaliban ɗayan manyan rukunin harsunan Najeriya.[1] Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine

Harshe, Al'adu da Misalai na Odebunmi". A sauƙaƙe, amfani da harshe wani ɓangare ne na al'ada. Lalle ne, al'ada ita ce hanyar rayuwa.

Masanin Odebunmi ya yi imanin cewa manufar wannan ita ce fahimtar ainihin mahallin kalma da aka fada a cikin wasa (magana) ya haɓaka kamanceceniya da magana da yadda yake aiki a cikin al'ada. A cikin al'adun Yoruban, kamar sauran mutane da yawa, suna da alama. Odebunmi (2008) ya ce, harshe, sabili da haka, yana nuna alamu da tsarin al'adu, kuma saboda haka yana tasiri ga tunanin ɗan adam, halaye da hukunci. Na yi imanin cewa wannan masanin yana da'awar ra'ayin cewa karin magana suna magana ne game da batutuwa a cikin al'adun Yoruban. Adewale wani hali a cikin wasan, kamar yadda Ola Romiti ya bayyana a cikin The Gods Are Not To Blame ya kara da cewa an yi amfani da shi don hanyoyin aiki......

Ayyuka da sabuntawa

The Gods Are Not To Blame ya Farawa ne a Najeriya a shekarar 1968. Kamfanin Talawa Theatre Company ya farfado da wasan kwaikwayon a cikin samar da kyau a shekarar 1989, wanda ya haifar da sha'awar jigogi na wasan kwaikwayon. An zabi shi don lambar yabo a bikin ESB Dublin Fringe na 2003. An sake kaddamar da shi a watan Fabrairun 2004, Bisi Adigun da Jimmy Fay's Arambe Productions suna gabatar da abin da Roddy Doyle ya bayyana a matsayin mai ban sha'awa da ban sha'awar wasan ga Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na O'Reilly. Ya kasance a cikin wasan kwaikwayon 2005 a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Arcola a London, duk da haka, wanda ya kawo sabuntawa.