Amatus Lusitanus

João Rodrigues na Castelo Branco, wanda aka fi sani da Amato Lusitano da Amatus Lusitanus (1511-1568), sanannen likita Yahudawa ne na Portugal na karni na 16. Kamar Herophilus, Galen, Ibn al-Nafis, Michael Servetus, Realdo Colombo da William Harvey, an yaba shi da yin binciken a cikin yaduwar jini. An ce ya gano aikin bawul a cikin yaduwar jini.

Rayuwa

Shafin daga In Dioscorides EnarationesA cikin Dioscorides Enarationes

An haifi Lusitano a shekara ta 1511 a Portugal" id="mwHg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Castelo Branco, Portugal">Castelo Branco, Portugal . Ya kasance zuriyar dangin Marrano da ake kira Chabib (= Amatus, "ƙaunatacce" a cikin Latin), kuma an haife shi cikin bangaskiyar Yahudawa. Bayan kammala karatunsa tare da girmamawa a matsayin MD daga Jami'ar Salamanca, bai iya komawa Portugal ba saboda tsoron Inquisition. Ya tafi Antwerp na wani lokaci sannan ya yi tafiya ta Netherlands da Faransa, a ƙarshe ya zauna a Italiya. Sunansa a matsayin daya daga cikin likitoci masu ƙwarewa na lokacinsa ya riga shi a can, kuma a lokacin da ya yi ɗan gajeren lokaci a Venice, inda ya sadu da likita da masanin falsafa Jacob Mantino, ya halarci 'yar uwar Paparoma Julius III da sauran fitattun mutane.

A shekara ta 1546, Amato ya kasance a Ferrara, a Jami'ar da ya koyar da ilimin jikin mutum a matsayin mataimakin likita Giambattista Canano kuma ya ba da laccoci game da tsire-tsire na magani. A lokacin wani lacca, ya rarraba gawawwaki goma sha biyu - babban sabon abu a wannan lokacin - a gaban masana da yawa, daga cikinsu akwai masanin ilimin jikin mutum Jean Baptiste Cananus, wanda ta hanyar kwarewarsa a wannan lokacin an ba shi kyauta ba daidai ba tare da gano aikin bawul a cikin zagayawar jini. A lokacin zamansa a Ferrara, wanda ya dauki shekaru shida, Amatus Lusitanus ya karbi gayyata daga Sarkin Poland don matsawa zuwa wannan ƙasar, wanda ya ƙi, ya fi son zama a Ancona, inda haƙuri na addini ya kasance.

Ayyuka

Siffar Amato Lusitano a garinsu Castelo Branco .

Ya gano yaduwar jini, kuma ta hanyar dissections na jijiyar Azygos, shi ne na farko da ya lura da kuma hasashe game da bawul ɗin da aka samu a can.

Wannan binciken ya saba wa imani na al'ada na lokacin cewa jini yana gudana daga zuciya ta hanyar jijiyoyi da jijiyoyi. A bayyane yake cewa wannan ra'ayi ya goyi bayan gaskiyar cewa cibiyar sadarwa ta jijiyoyi da jijiyoyi ta zama mai ƙanƙanta da ƙanƙara yayin da suke nesa da zuciya. An kuma ɗauka cewa hanyoyin sadarwar ba su da alaƙa, don haka jini ba zai iya wucewa daga wannan hanyar sadarwa zuwa ɗayan ba. (Ba a riga an ƙirƙiri microscope ba, don haka mutum ba zai iya duba jijiyoyin jijiyoyi ba tare da taimako ba.)

Dokta Amatus Lusitanus ya bayyana a cikin Centuria I, sakin layi (Curatio) 513, yadda, a cikin 1547, ya yi gwaji a gaban wasu malamai daga Jami'ar Ferrara. Ya hura iska zuwa ƙananan ɓangaren azygos, kuma ya nuna cewa vena cava ba zai kumbura ba. Ba zai yiwu iska ta tsere ba saboda bawul ko operculum da aka ambata. Lokacin da ya bayyana cewa idan iska ba za ta iya wucewa daga azygos zuwa cikin vena cava ba, tabbas ne cewa jini, wanda ya fi iska kauri, ba zai iya gudana ba. A cikin masu sauraro akwai "mai ban sha'awa" Giambattista Canano, wanda aka ba da gano bawul ɗin daga baya ta kuskure.