Ambaliyar Turai ta Tsakiya ta 1997

 

Ambaliyar Turai ta Tsakiya ta 1997
ambaliya
Bayanai
Ƙasa	Kazech, Poland da Jamus
Lokacin farawa	5 ga Yuli, 1997
Lokacin gamawa	6 ga Augusta, 1997

Ambaliyar ruwa ta Tsakiyar Turai ta 1997 ko kuma 1997 Ambaliyar Oder na kogin Oder da Morava a cikin Yuli 1997 ya shafi Poland, Jamhuriyar Czech da Jamus, tare da kashe rayukan mutane 114 tare da yin lahani da aka kiyasta dala biliyan 4.5 (US biliyan 3.8 a Jamhuriyar Czech da Poland da kuma Yuro miliyan 330 a Jamus). Ambaliyar ta fara ne a Jamhuriyar Czech, sannan ta bazu zuwa Poland da Jamus. A kasar Poland, inda ta kasance daya daga cikin mafi munin ambaliya a tarihin kasar, an kira ta da ambaliyar Millennium (Powódź tysiąclecia).[2] An kuma yi amfani da kalmar a Jamus (Jahrtausendflut).[3] An kuma kira taron da Babban Ambaliyar 1997 .   

Dalilan da suka haifar

Halin Ruwan sama a Tsakiyar Turai a watan Yulin 1997

Ruwan sama ya kasance mai girma sosai, yana auna 300-600 millimeters (12-24 in), kuma ya dace da matsakaicin ruwan sama na watanni da yawa 'yan kwanaki. Matakan ruwa sun tashi 2-3 m sama da matsakaicin da aka rubuta a baya kuma sun kasance da yawa har suka sa ruwa ya gudana a kan sandunan ma'auni na yanzu. Yana daya daga cikin ruwan sama mafi tsanani a tarihin duniya da aka rubuta. An kira shi Ruwan Millennium saboda yiwuwar irin wannan ambaliyar a cikin wata shekara an kiyasta a 0.1% . 

Ambaliyar ruwa

Alamar fita daga ƙauyen Stary Dwór, Wołów County, Poland

ambaliyar ruwa ta fara a ranar 5 ga Yuli a Jamhuriyar Czech kuma ta bazu zuwa Poland a ranar 6 ga Yuli. Waɗancan ambaliya ta farko ta kasance ambaliyar ruwa mai saurin gaske (matakin ruwa ya tashi da mita huɗu a cikin rabin yini). A Poland, ƙauyuka na farko da ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye suna kewayen Prudnik da Głuchołazy, kuma Firayim Ministan Poland Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz ya ziyarce shi a ranar 7 ga Yuli. Ambaliyar ruwa ta bazu cikin sauri daga Chałupki zuwa Racibórz. A cikin Kłodzko gine-gine da yawa da ke da shekaru ɗari (kamienica) sun rushe; a ranar 8 ga Yuli ambaliya ta kai Krapkowice. A mataki na biyu na ambaliya, ambaliyar ruwan ta bi ta kogin Oder, inda ta mamaye garuruwan yankin. An ambaliya Opole na hagu a ranar 10 ga Yuli, Wrocław da Rybnik a ranar 12 ga Yuli, da Głogów jim kaɗan bayan haka. Ruwan da ke tashi ya ragu lokacin da suka isa iyakar Poland-Jamus (layin Oder-Neisse), yana ba da ƙarin lokaci don shirye-shirye; Lalacewar ta yi ƙasa sosai.

A ranar 18 ga watan Yulin, shugaban kasar Poland Aleksander Kwaśniewski ya ayyana ranar makoki ta kasa.

Matsayin ruwa

Zollbrücke, Jamus

Hohensaaten, Jamus

Hohenwutzen, Jamus

Siekierki, Poland

Wani abin tunawa kusa da Jami'ar Jami'ar a Wrocław yana girmama mutanen da suka yi aiki don ceton birnin a lokacin ambaliyar ruwa ta 1997. Yana nuna mace mai alama a ɗakin karatu na Jami'ar, tana ɗauke da dukkan littattafai daga ƙasa zuwa sama.

Wurin da yake	Kogin Oder	Matsakaicin matakin ruwa [cm]	Ranar
Racibórz Miedonia	55.5	1045	9 ga Yulin 1997
Ujście Nysy	180.5	768	10 ga Yulin 1997
Rędzin	261.1	1030	13 ga Yulin 1997
Brzeg Dolny	284.7	970	13 ga Yulin 1997 - 14 ga Yulin 1997.14 July 1997
Malczyce	304.8	792	14 ga Yulin 1997 - 15 ga Yulin 1997.15 July 1997
Ścinawa	331.9	732	15 ga Yulin 1997
Głogów	392.9	712	16 ga Yulin 1997
Nowa Sól	429.8	681	16 ga Yulin 1997
Cigacice	471.3	682	19 ga Yulin 1997
Połęcko	530.3	595	24 ga Yulin 1997
Ratzdorf	542.5	691	24 ga Yulin 1997
Eisenhüttenstadt	554.1	717	24 ga Yulin 1997
Frankfurt / Oder	584.0	657-656	27 ga Yulin 1997
Słubice	584.1	637	27 ga Yulin 1997
Kietz	614.8	653	27 ga Yulin 1997 - 28 ga Yulin 1997.28 July 1997
Kienitz	633.0	628	24 ga Yulin 1997
Gozdowice	645.3	659	31 ga Yulin 1997 - 1 ga Yulin 1997.1 July 1997
Hohensaaten-Finow	664.9	729	31 ga Yulin 1997
Hohensaaten Ostschleuse OP (Oderseite)	667.2	805	31 ga Yulin 1997
Bielinek	673.5	712	31 ga Yulin 1997 - 1 ga Agusta 19971 August 1997
Stützkow	680.5	1009	29 ga Yulin 1997
Shwedt Oderbrücke	690.6	886	2 ga Agusta 1997
Shwedt Schleuse OP (Oderseite)	697.0	840	1 ga Agusta 1997 - 2 ga Agusta 1997.2 August 1997
Widuchowa	701.8	760	2 ga Agusta 1997 - 3 ga Agusta 1997.3 August 1997
Gartz (Oder)	8.0	698	1 ga Agusta 1997 - 2 ga Agusta 1997.2 August 1997
Mashahuri	14.1	672	3 ga Agusta 1997
Gryfino	718.5	649	3 ga Agusta 1997
Ückermünde	Oderhaff	536	6 ga Agusta 1997

Mutuwa da lalacewa

Wrocław, Poland Yuli 1997. Sakamakon ambaliyar ruwa. Podwale Street kusa da Krasińskiego, Dąbrowskiego da Komuny Paryskiej St. ƙetare. Hagu na hagu na hoto - ƙauyen gari.

Ambaliyar ta haifar da mutuwar mutane 114 (56 a Poland, 50 a Jamhuriyar Czech ) da kuma lalacewar kayan da aka kiyasta a dala biliyan 4.5 (Yuro biliyan 3.8 a Jamhuryar Czech da Poland da Yuro miliyan 330 a Jamus).  

A Poland, an kiyasta cewa mutane 7,000 sun rasa duk dukiyarsu. Kasuwanci masu zaman kansu 9,000 sun shafa kuma gidaje 680,000 sun lalace ko sun lalace. Har ila yau, ambaliyar ta lalata makarantu 843 (100 sun lalace), gadoji 4,000 (45 sun lalace) kilomita 14,400 na hanyoyi da kilomita 2,000 na layin dogo. Gabaɗaya, kadada 665,835 sun shafi Poland (kimanin kashi 2% na jimlar ƙasar Poland). An kiyasta asarar a 7.4-11.3 biliyan Polish zlotys (ko US $ 2.3-3.5 biliyan a matakan 1997). Garin tarihi na Kłodzko ya ci gaba da lalacewa daidai da shekaru 50 na kasafin kudin shekara-shekara.    

A cikin Jamhuriyar Czech, an lalata gidaje 2,151 da gadoji 48. 538 ƙauyuka da garuruwa sun shafa. An kiyasta asarar a cikin kambin Czech biliyan 63. Garin Troubky ya fi fama da cutar. 

Amsoshin

An soki martani na gwamnati a Jamhuriyar Czech da Poland. Ambaliyar ta nuna rashin isasshen daidaito a cikin yanke shawara da ababen more rayuwa, kodayake wasu sun ga girman bala'in da ba a taɓa gani ba a matsayin abin ragewa.

A cikin al'adun gargajiya

Bayan ambaliyar ruwa a 1997, ƙungiyar rock ta Poland Hey ta fitar da waƙar Moja i twoja nadzieja ("My and Your Begen"). Dukkan kudaden da aka samu daga sayar da guda daya ya tafi ne ga wadanda ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa. Hey kuma ya tattara gungun fitattun mawakan Poland a lokacin don yin rikodin murfin waƙar (wanda aka sani da "'97 version") don sadaka-. Hakanan a cikin 1997, Hey ya fitar da kundi mai suna Cegiełka na rzecz ofiar powodzi [pl] ("A Brick for Flood Victims"), mai ɗauke da nau'ikan waƙar guda biyar - Hey ta asali guda ɗaya, sigar '97, murfin kayan aiki, murfin sauti, da fassarar jazz (na Anna Maria Jopek).

A cikin Oktoba 2022, Netflix ya fito da Babban Ruwa, jerin iyakataccen yanayi shida na Yaren Poland wanda aka yi wahayi zuwa ga ambaliyar 1997.  An saita shi a Wrocław, Poland, yana nuna ja-gorancin ambaliyar ruwa da martanin da hukumomin birni da na yanki suka yi, da kuma mazauna ƙauyuka da ke kewaye (wanda ƙauyen Kęty ke wakilta).  Ko da yake darektoci Jan Holoubek da Bartłomiej Ignaciuk sun jaddada cewa jerin ba shirin ba ne, an yaba su don sahihancin jerin..