Anna Haslam
 Anna Haslam | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa |
Youghal (en)  , 6 ga Afirilu, 1829 |
| ƙasa | Ireland |
| Mutuwa | Dublin, 28 Nuwamba, 1922 |
| Ƴan uwa | |
| Abokiyar zama |
Thomas Haslam (en) |
| Karatu | |
| Harsuna | Turanci |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
suffragist (en) da edita |
Anna Maria Haslam (née Fisher; 6 ga Afrilu 1829 - 28 ga Nuwamba shekarar 1922) ta kasance mai tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma babban adadi a cikin karni na 19 da farkon karni na 20 a Ireland.
Rayuwa ta farko da iyali
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Anna Maria Fisher a Youghal, County Cork, Ireland a ranar 6 ga Afrilu 1829. An haife ta 16th cikin yara 17 ga Jane da Ibrahim Fisher . Masu kamun kifi iyali ne na Quaker tare da kasuwanci a Youghal . An san su da ayyukan sadaka, musamman a lokacin Babban Yunwa.
Ta taimaka a cikin gidajen dafa abinci kuma ta shiga cikin kafa masana'antun gidaje ga 'yan mata na cikin gida a cikin yin lace, crocheting da knitting. An haife ta ne ta yi imani da daidaito ga maza da mata da kuma tallafawa kamfen ɗin da aka yi wa bautar da kuma kamewa da zaman lafiya. Ta halarci makarantun kwana na Quaker, Makarantar Newtown a County Waterford da Makarantar Castlegate a York, wanda daga baya ya zama Makarantar Mount, York. Daga nan sai ta zama mataimakiyar koyarwa a Makarantar Ackworth, Yorkshire. Ta sadu da Thomas Haslam (1826-1917) wanda ke koyarwa a can kuma wanda ya fito ne daga Mountmellick, County Laois .
Anna da Thomas Haslam
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Anna da Thomas Haslam sun yi aure a ranar 20 ga Maris 1854 a Ofishin Registry na Cork . [1] Auren su galibi ba shi da aure saboda ba sa son samun yara. A rubuce-rubucen da suka biyo baya Thomas ya yi jayayya da tsabtar maza. Anna da Thomas Haslam sun yarda da daidaito ga maza da mata kuma ya goyi bayan kamfen dinta. An haifi Thomas Joseph Haslam a shekara ta 1825 ga dangin Quaker. Thomas ya kasance mai ilimin mata kuma daga 1868 ya rubuta game da batutuwa da yawa game da haƙƙin mata da batutuwa kamar karuwanci, hana haihuwa da kuma zaɓen mata. [ana buƙatar hujja][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2019)">citation needed</span>]
Dukansu Anna da Thomas an kore su daga Society of Friends saboda sha'awar su a sake fasalin zamantakewa amma dukansu suna riƙe da alaƙa da al'umma. An ce an yi watsi da Thomas saboda yana da ra'ayoyin da suka saba wa koyarwar Quaker. A cikin 1868 Thomas ya buga wata takarda da ake kira "Matsalar Aure", inda ya tayar da kuma tallafawa ra'ayin iyakancewar iyali kuma ya tsara hanyoyi da yawa na hana daukar ciki ciki har da lokacin aminci.
Thomas Haslam ya mutu a ranar 30 ga watan Janairun 1917, a cikin shekara ta casa'in da biyu. Shi da Anna an binne su tare a cikin wurin binnewar Quaker a Temple Hill, Dublin.
Mata
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Ana tunawa da Anna Haslam mafi kyau a yau saboda aikinta na kuri'un mata. Ta kasance majagaba a kowane kamfen na mata na Irish na ƙarni na 19 kuma ta yi gwagwarmaya don kuri'un mata daga shekara ta 1866. A shekara ta 1872 ta shirya "Janar Taron mambobi da abokai na Irish Society for Women's Suffrage" a Blackrock, Dublin, wanda George Owens ya jagoranci kuma 'yan majalisa Maurice Brooks (Mai Gudanar da Gida) da William Johnston (Ma'aikacin Arewa) da kuma dan majalisa na Liberal Unionist Thomas Spring Rice na gaba. Anna da Thomas Haslam sun kasance mambobin kafa Kungiyar Mata ta Dublin a 1876. Wannan ya nuna farkon kamfen mai ban mamaki a Dublin don kuri'un mata. Haslam, tare da rubuce-rubucen mijinta, ta ci gaba da kamfen ɗin kuma a cikin 1896 mata a Ireland sun sami damar zabar su a matsayin masu kula da Dokar Talakawa, membobin hukumomin hukuma waɗanda ke gudanar da Dokar Talauci.Masu gwagwarmayar kare hakkin mata na farko a Ireland suna da kyakkyawar dangantaka da ma'anarsu ta Turanci kuma suna da irin wannan nuna bambanci a ilimi, aiki, 'yancin jima'i da shiga siyasa. DWSA ta shirya gabatar da lissafin memba mai zaman kansa don cire rashin cancanta "ta hanyar jima'i ko aure" don zabe ko aiki a matsayin mai kula da doka mara kyau. Kudin ya wuce a shekara ta 1896 kuma nan da nan ƙungiyar ta rubuta wa jaridu kuma ta buga takardu da ke bayanin tsarin yadda za su yi rajista da tsayawa don zabe kuma su ƙarfafa mata masu cancanta su ci gaba a matsayin 'yan takara. [ana buƙatar hujja][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2019)">citation needed</span>]
A shekara ta 1900, akwai kusan mata masu kula da mata 100.[2] Haslam ya jagoranci kamfen don ƙarfafa mata masu cancanta su tsaya takara a shekara ta 1898. Mata sun sami damar yin zabe a zaben kananan hukumomi, da kuma tsayawa takara a matsayin 'yan majalisa na karkara da birane. A shekara ta 1913, ta sauka a matsayin sakatariyar kungiyar kuma an zabe ta a matsayin shugaban rayuwa.[2]
Nasarorin da aka samu
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ɗaya daga cikin kamfen ɗin da ta fi tsayi, tana aiki tare da mai ba da izini na Belfast Isabella Tod, [3] shine don soke Ayyukan Cututtukan Cututtuka na 1864. Ayyukan sun ba da izinin tsara karuwanci a yankunan da sojoji suka kasance. Dokar ta ba da izinin tilasta mata har zuwa watanni 3, wanda daga baya aka kara zuwa shekara guda. An kuma tilasta maganin likita ga mata. Dokar ta nemi kawai don rage yaduwar cututtukan da ake samu ta hanyar jima'i tsakanin sojoji. Ta yi adawa da aikin saboda ta ji cewa ya ba da izini ga karuwanci, ya ba da mata masu kyau kuma ya lalata rayuwar iyali. Daga karshe an soke shi bayan shekaru 18 na kamfen.[4]
Haslam ta shiga cikin takardar neman izini ta 1866 kuma ta tattara sa hannu 1,499 don fadada 'yancin mata da maza. A shekara ta 1867 an tsawaita 'yancin maza amma har zuwa shekara ta 1911 ne ƙungiyar Suffrage ta sami gagarumin nasara na tabbatar da' yancin mata su tsaya don zabe a matsayin' yan majalisa.
A shekara ta 1918, mace ce mai kusan shekara casa'in, ta tafi zaben "kewaye da furanni da tutoci", tare da mata da suka haɗu don girmama ta don murnar nasarar zabe. Wannan nuni na hadin kai da mata masu gwagwarmaya daga dukkan ra'ayoyin siyasa suka yi ya amince da rawar da ta taka a yakin neman 'yancin jefa kuri'a.[1] A wannan shekarar da ta mutu, a 1922, Irish Free State ta ba da kuri'a ga dukkan maza da mata sama da shekaru 21.[2]
Mutuwa da kuma amincewa bayan mutuwarsa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Haslam ta mutu a ranar 28 ga Nuwamba 1922 a gidanta a Carlton Terrace, na "cardiac dropsy" tana da shekaru 93.
An gina wurin zama na tunawa da Anna da Thomas Haslam a 1923 a St Stephen's Green, Dublin, tare da rubutun "don girmama shekarun da suka yi na hidimar jama'a da aka keɓe ga 'yancin mata".
Sunan ta da hotonta (da na wasu magoya bayan mata 58) suna kan matattarar mutum-mutumi na Millicent Fawcett a filin majalisa, London, wanda aka bayyana a shekarar 2018.[5][6]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ FamilySearch. "Ireland Marriages, 1619–1898". FamilySearch. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
- 1 2 Cullen, Mary. "Anna Haslam's Minute Book". The National Archives of Ireland. The National Archives of Ireland. Archived from the original on 29 October 2017. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
- ↑ Luddy, Maria (22 January 2013). "Women and the Contagious Diseases Acts 1864-1886". History Ireland. Retrieved 2019-07-09.
- ↑ History Journal. "Anna Haslam". History Journal. Archived from the original on 13 December 2014. Retrieved 12 December 2014.History Journal. . History Journal. Archived from the original on 13 December 2014. Retrieved 12 December 2014.
- ↑ "Historic statue of suffragist leader Millicent Fawcett unveiled in Parliament Square". Gov.uk. 24 April 2018. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
- ↑ "Millicent Fawcett statue unveiling: the women and men whose names will be on the plinth". iNews. 24 April 2018. Retrieved 25 April 2018.