Anna Karima
 Anna Karima | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Rayuwa | |
| Haihuwa |
Berdiansk (en)  , 1871 |
| ƙasa | Bulgairiya |
| Mutuwa | Sofiya, 6 ga Maris, 1949 |
| Makwanci |
Central Sofia Cemetery (en) |
| Ƴan uwa | |
| Abokiyar zama |
Yanko Sakazov (en) |
| Yara |
view
|
| Karatu | |
| Harsuna |
Bulgarian (en) Rashanci Faransanci |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
marubuci, mai aikin fassara, dan jarida mai ra'ayin kansa, suffragette (en) , edita, prose writer (en) , marubucin wasannin kwaykwayo, Malami da feminist (en) |
| Sunan mahaifi | Анна Карима |
Anna Karima, née Todora Velkova (a cikin Bulgarian: Anna Тодорова Велкова) (1871-1949), marubuciya ce ta Bulgarian, mai fassara, edita, ɗan jarida, mai tsattsauran ra'ayi kuma mai fafutukar kare hakkin mata. Ta kasance co-kafa Kungiyar Mata ta Bulgaria, kuma ta yi aiki a matsayin shugabarta daga 1901 zuwa 1906.
Tarihin rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Anna Karima a shekara ta 1871 a Berdyansk, Ukraine . Ita 'yar mai cinikin alkama ce kuma mai juyin juya hali bg:Todor Velkov (bg:Тодор Велков).
Ta kammala karatun sakandare a Sofia . [1]
A shekara ta 1888, ta auri dan siyasa Yanko Sakazov, wanda daga baya ta rabu da shi. Daga wannan auren, ta haifi 'ya'ya uku.[2][1]
Ta fara fitowa kuma ta zama sananniya a matsayin marubuciya a shekara ta 1891. Tun tana ƙarama, Karima ta ba da kanta ga rubuce-rubuce da wasan kwaikwayo. Ta rubuta gajerun labaru, labaru, da litattafai. Labarinta na farko, mai taken Obiknovenna istoria (a cikin Bulgarian: Обикновена история, Ordinary Story), an buga shi a cikin 1891 a cikin mujallar Den . [1] Tsakanin 1892 da 1895, ta yi aiki a matsayin babban edita na mujallar Bulgarian Pochivka . [3]
Ayyukanta, ciki har da Podhlyznase (a cikin Bulgarian: Подхлъзна се, She Stumbled), Zaguben zhivot (a cikin Bulgariarian: Загубен живот, A Lost Life), da Nad__tir____tir____tir__ (a cikin Bulgaria: Над зида, Above the Wall), ana yin su ne a mataki na gidan wasan kwaikwayo na kasa a Sofia, babban ma'aikatar wasan kwaikwayo ta Bulgaria. Wani daga cikin wasanta, mai taken V Balkanas (a cikin Rasha: В Балканах, A cikin Balkans), an rubuta shi a cikin Rasha kuma an shirya shi a Saint Petersburg . [3]
A shekara ta 1894, iyalin suka koma Sofia, inda ta zama mai aiki a cikin sauye-sauyen zamantakewa. Tana da hannu a cikin gwagwarmayar jama'a, tana ba da shawara ga daidaito na mata a cikin al'umma. A shekara ta 1897, ta kafa kungiyar Suznanie (Lammaci) kuma ta fara kamfen don ilimin mata, daya daga cikinsu shine a bude Jami'ar Sofia ga mata.[3]
A shekara ta 1899, ta shirya takarda Zhenski glas (Muryar Mata) tare da Julia Malinova, kuma a cikin 1901, sun kafa Kungiyar Mata ta Bulgaria tare da Karima a matsayin shugabanta na farko. Kungiyar kungiya ce ta kungiyoyin mata 27 da aka kafa a Bulgaria tun 1878. An kafa shi ne a matsayin amsa ga iyakokin ilimin mata da samun damar karatun jami'a a cikin shekarun 1890, tare da burin ci gaba da ci gaban ilimi na mata da shiga, shirya majalisa na kasa da amfani da Zhenski glas a matsayin bugawa.[1]
A shekara ta 1906, ta bar Kungiyar Mata ta Bulgaria. Ta kafa kungiyar mata mai hamayya Ravnopravie (Dokacin Hakki, 1908-1921) kuma ta zagaya kasar tana ba da lacca game da sake fasalin haƙƙin mata. [1]
A shekara ta 1916, ta bude makarantar kasuwanci ta farko ga 'yan mata a Bulgaria, da ke Sofia.[3] A lokacin yaƙe-yaƙe a cikin Balkan (1912-1918), ta shiga cikin ayyukan sadaka. Ta taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kafa makarantar kwana ga marayu da kuma ƙungiyar nakasassu.[2][1]
A shekara ta 1917, Karima ta zama editan jaridar Bulgarka (a cikin Bulgarian: Българка), wata jaridar mata.[3]
A shekara ta 1918, ta bude cibiyar kula da rana ta farko ga uwaye masu aiki a Bulgaria.
An kore ta ne saboda dalilai na siyasa daga 1921 zuwa 1928. Bayan fashewar bam a Cocin Sveta Nedelya a 1925, Karima ta fara hijira zuwa Faransa.[3][1] A ranar 15 ga watan Agusta, 1926, ta rubuta kira ga zaman lafiya - Don Bulgaria kuma ta aika da shi ga dukkan mambobin League of Nations a Geneva. Ta ci gaba da hulɗa da kwaminisanci na Faransa Henri Barbusse, ta ba shi takardu don rubuta littafinsa na adawa da fascist Les Bourreaux (The Executioners), wanda daga baya ta fassara kuma ta gyara.[3] An buga sassan daga jawabin da rubuce-rubucenta a cikin Kwaminisanci Flag (a cikin Bulgarian: Комунистическо знаме), ƙungiyar manema labarai ta Jam'iyyar Kwaminisancin Bulgaria (BKP) a kasashen waje. Saboda ayyukanta, Karima ta shiga cikin Dokar Kare Jiha (Zakon za zashtita na darzhavata, a cikin Bulgarian: Закон за protección на държавата), [3] wanda gwamnatin Farfesa Aleksandar Tsankov ta kafa. An tsara wannan dokar mai rikitarwa don murkushe abokan adawar siyasa da ƙungiyoyin da aka ɗauka a matsayin barazana ga jihar. A ƙarshen 1926, Karima ta tashi zuwa Tarayyar Soviet. Bayan ta dawo Bulgaria a 1928, ta wallafa littafin In Today's Russia (a cikin Bulgarian), inda ta raba ra'ayinta game da rayuwa a Tarayyar Soviet.[3]
A cikin 1930, Karima ya zama editan jaridar Povik (a cikin Bulgarian: Повик, The Call). Ta mutu a ranar 6 ga Maris, 1949, a Sofia, Bulgaria . [3]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Haɗin waje
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- https://map.herstoryproject.eu/sofia/ - Taswirar hulɗa ta Sofia, Bulgaria, tana kwatanta rayuwar matan Bulgarian waɗanda suka ba da gudummawa ga al'umma, gami da Anna Karima.