Antonis Fosteridis
Antonis Fosteridis (Greek), wanda aka fi sani da sunan yaƙi na Çauş Anton (Τσαούς Αντών), ɗan ƙasar Girka ne, Masu adawa da Kwaminisanci a lokacin da aka mamaye Girka, wanda ya yi aiki a cikin Sojojin Helenanci a lokacin Yaƙin basasar Girka kuma, a lokacin zaman lafiya, an zabe shi memba na Majalisar Girka.
Shekaru na farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Antonis Fosteridis (kuma Fostiridis) [1] an haife shi a 1912 a ƙauyen Eroukli na Bafra, yankin Pontus na Daular Ottoman . Mahaifinsa Kyriakos ya yi yaƙi tare da Pontic irregulars a kan sojojin Turkiyya na kasa a yankin a cikin shekarun 1918-22, ::305 kuma ya yi hijira zuwa ƙasar Girka tare da aiwatar da musayar yawan jama'a tsakanin ƙasashe biyu.[2] Iyalin, wadanda dukkan mambobinsu sun kasance turkophone, sun zauna da farko a ƙauyen Oropedio sannan suka yi gidansu a Krinides.[3]
Fosteridis ya shiga cikin sojojin Girka kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin sajan bindigogi. Ya shiga cikin yunkurin juyin mulkin soja na 1935 da jami'an da ke da aminci ga Eleftherios Venizelos suka yi kuma an sallame shi daga aikin soja.
Lokacin da An ayyana yakin a watan Oktoba 1940 tsakanin Girka da Italiya, an tuno da Fosteridis kuma ya shiga cikin yaƙe-yaƙe da aka yi a tsaunuka na Kudancin Albania. Don jaruntakar da ya nuna a yaƙi, Fosteridis ya kai matsayin Lieutenant na biyu, matsayi mafi girma ga NCO.
Ayyukan makamai a lokacin Axis Occupation
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tarihin tarihi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A ranar 6 ga Afrilu 1941, Jamus ta mamaye Girka. Yaƙin ya ƙare a ranar 1 ga Yuni na wannan shekarar tare da mika wuya ga Girka, bayan da aka kama tsibirin Crete. Ƙasar ta mamaye ikon Axis na Turai da abokansu. Bulgaria ta mamaye kuma ta mamaye yankunan Gabashin Makidoniya da Thrace .
Bulgaria ta haɗa yankin da aka mamaye a matsayin "sabon ƙasashe", tana ɗauke da taken Belomorie (a cikin Bulgarian Беломорие) kuma ta fara manufofin tashin hankali na yawan 'yan asalin ƙasar. Sakamakon gaggawa na matakan zalunci shine fitowar yawancin tsoffin masu gudanarwa na gwamnatin Girka, firistoci, malamai, likitoci, 'yan kasuwa, da sauransu, waɗanda suka nemi mafaka galibi a Makidoniya da ke zaune a Jamus. Hukumomin da ke mamayewa sun haramta amfani da harshen Girkanci a duk alamomi da takardun hukuma, kuma sun kwace ƙasashe da gidaje mallakar Helenawa don su zauna a can 'yan ƙasar Bulgarian.[1] : 376 :376
A ƙarshen Satumba 1941, a cikin martani ga waɗannan matakan, ƙananan ƙungiyoyi na 'yan tawaye da marasa daidaituwa, waɗanda Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta shirya, sun kai hari kan matsayin sojojin Bulgaria, gudanarwa, da 'yan sanda. Tashin hankali ya fara ne a ƙauyukan Doxato, inda Helenawa na yankin suka kai hari ofishin 'yan sanda kuma suka kashe' yan sanda shida ko bakwai na Bulgaria, da kuma Prosotsani inda aka kai hari ofishin gari, sansanin soja, da ofishin' yan sanda. : 388 :388
Hukumomin mulkin mallaka na Bulgaria sun murkushe tashin hankali "da sauri" kuma "da mummunan rauni". A cikin 'yan kwanaki, a ranar 2 ga Oktoba 1941, kusan dukkanin shugabannin kungiyoyi daban-daban an kashe su. Sojojin Bulgarian sun koma Drama inda suka kama dukkan maza tsakanin shekaru 19 zuwa 45, da kuma wasu birane da ƙauyuka na yankin. Sun fara ramuwar gayya ta hanyar kashe wadanda ake zargi, tare da rahotanni na soja na Bulgarian da suka lissafa har zuwa Helenawa 1,600 da aka kashe a cikin tashin hankali da kuma cikin makonni da suka biyo baya, yayin da kafofin Girka suka ce matattu sun kasance cikin dubban. An lalata ƙauyukan Doxato, Kyrgia, Philiatra, Drymotopos, Kokkinogeia, da Platanovryssi kuma an kashe yawancin mazauna mazauna.[2] ::168
Mai goyon bayan kasa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin 1942, kungiyoyi daban-daban na 'yan kasa, tare da manufar kare yawan mutanen Girka daga ci gaba da "mummunan hali," da kuma ayyukan kwaminisanci na "mai aminci", sun ɗauki makamai a yankunan tsaunuka na Gabashin Makidoniya da Thrace, kasancewarsu mafi mahimmanci shine a Pangaion, Elatia, da Lekani. Tsarin kungiyoyinsu ya nuna na dangi ubanni inda suka samo asali. : 298-299 Αmong na farko shi ne Fosteridis wanda ya jagoranci ƙungiyar Pontic na kimanin mutane 15-17 galibi daga Krinides.[3] : 306 :306
A watan Nuwamba na shekara ta 1942, an yi wa Fosteridis shari'a ba tare da wani wuri ba a Kotun soja ta Bulgaria kuma an yanke masa hukunci saboda tayar da kayar baya. [n 1]
A ranar 22 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 1943, ƙungiyoyin 'yan adawa daban-daban na' yan adawa, suna aiki a ƙarƙashin sunan da ba a san su ba na "Ƙungiyoyin' yan adawar kasa" (a cikin Gr: Εθνικές Ανταρ Kick, ko Ε.Α.Ο.), sun amince da Fosteridis a matsayin kwamandan su da mai tsarawa, yayin wani taro a ƙauyen Kastanitis na dutsen Chionovouni.[1] Fosteridis ya ƙayyade yankin aiki ga kowane ɗayan umarni takwas. Don kara ƙarfin sojojin su, Fosteridis ya tuntubi kungiyoyin 'yan kasa da ke aiki a Makidoniya da ke zaune a Jamus, kamar ƙungiyar PAO kusa da Nigrita. A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, ya sami nasarar amincewa da jagorancinsa kusan dukkanin ƙungiyoyin 'yan kasa a yankin, wanda babban dalilinsa shine ya iya tsayayya da "karin tashin hankali" na ELAS.[1][2]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Holocaust Encyclopedia (10 June 2013). "Treblinka: Chronology". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Archived from the original (Internet Archive) on 5 June 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2024.
Jews deported from Bulgarian-occupied territory : Bulgarian military and police authorities [in March 1943] transferred 11,343 Jews in Bulgarian-occupied Thrace, Macedonia, and [Serbian] Pirot to German custody, pursuant to a February agreement between the SS and representatives of the Bulgarian government. German SS and police officials transported these Jews to Treblinka II, where almost all were gassed or shot upon arrival.
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