Armen Ohanian
 Armen Ohanian | |
|---|---|
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| Rayuwa | |
| Cikakken suna | Սոֆյա Էմանուելի Փիրբուդաղյան |
| Haihuwa |
Shamakhi (en)  , 1887 |
| ƙasa |
Russian Empire (en) Mexico |
| Harshen uwa |
Armenian (en) |
| Mutuwa | Mexico, 1976 |
| Makwanci | Mexico |
| Karatu | |
| Harsuna |
Rashanci Yaren Sifen Faransanci Armenian (en) |
| Sana'a | |
| Sana'a |
jarumi, marubuci, literary scholar (en) , mai aikin fassara, belly dancer (en) , mai rawa da répétiteur (en) |
| Employers |
Maly Theatre (en) Armenian State Theater of Baku (en) (1907 - 1908)Tbilisi Opera and Ballet Theatre (en) (1909 - 1909) |
| Sunan mahaifi | Armen Ohanian |
| Imani | |
| Jam'iyar siyasa |
Mexican Communist Party (en) |
Armen Ohanian (Armenian), an haife ta Sophia Pirboudaghian (Armenien), a shekara ta 1887-1976) ta kasance mai rawa, 'yar wasan kwaikwayo, marubuciya, kuma mai fassara ta Armeniya.Armenian-language_text" id="mwCQ" rel="mw:PageProp/Category"/>
Tarihin rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Armen Ohanian a Shamakha, sannan wani ɓangare na Daular Rasha (yanzu a Azerbaijan) ga dangin Armeniya masu daraja. Wani girgizar kasa mai banƙyama a 1902 ya sa iyalinta suka koma Baku, inda ta halarci makarantar Rasha. Ta kammala karatu a shekara ta 1905, a wannan shekarar da aka yi wa 'yan Armenia, wanda ta shaida, ya haifar da mutuwar mahaifinta, Emanuel . Ta yi saurin auren wani likitan Iran na Armenia, Haik Ter-Ohanian, amma auren ya ƙare cikin shekara guda. Ta fara aikinta na wasan kwaikwayo a matsayin Sophia Ter-Ohanian a cikin ƙungiyar wasan kwaikwayo ta Ƙungiyar Al'adu ta Armenia ta Baku a cikin 1906. Ta koma Moscow a 1908 kuma ta yi karatun zane-zane a makarantar Nelidova, yayin da take yin rawa ta farko a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Maly .
Bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci a Tbilisi Opera a cikin 1909, inda ta bayyana a karo na farko a matsayin Armen Ohanian, ta sake tafiya zuwa Iran, inda ta yi rawa da kuma 'yar wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin ƙarshe na juyin juya halin kundin tsarin mulki na Iran . Ta kasance daga cikin wadanda suka kafa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Farisa a Tehran . A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 1910 ta shirya bikin kiɗa da wallafe-wallafen tare da hadin gwiwar kungiyar mata ta Farisa . A karo na farko, matan Iran sun sami damar yin wasa a kan mataki kuma suna kallon fim. A watan Mayu 1910 ta samar kuma ta ba da umarnin Nikolai Gogol's The Government Inspector a Farisa, tana taka rawar Maria Antonovna
Yayinda take Iran, ta kammala ƙwarewarta a cikin raye-raye na Gabas. Bayan barin kasar da yawon shakatawa a Misira da Daular Ottoman, an hayar ta don yin aiki a Landan a shekarar 1911. Daga wannan lokacin zuwa ƙarshen shekarun 1920 za ta zama sunan da ake nema, a matsayin wani ɓangare na sha'awar raye-raye masu ban sha'awa waɗanda suka mamaye al'adun Yammacin Turai a lokacin. Ta hanyar amfani da hanyoyin "rawan kyauta" wanda sanannen mai rawa na Amurka Isadora Duncan ya kirkira, ta kirkiro nata wasan kwaikwayo bisa ga kiɗa na Armeniya da na Iran. Yawancin raye-raye, kamar su "Salome," "A Haikali na Anahit," "Treason," "The Matchmaker," "Haschich," "Babban Khan na Shamakha," "Ga Nirvana," da sauransu, sun burge jama'ar Turai. Ta yi "Wasanni na Farisa mai ban mamaki" a cikin samar da Lakme a Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na London a shekarar 1915. Ta yi aiki sosai a Landan, Paris, Brussels, Milan, Sofia, Madrid, da sauran biranen Turai, da kuma Amurka da Mexico. An rufe wasan kwaikwayonta sosai a cikin manema labarai kuma sun sami amincewar marubuta kamar Maurice Maeterlinck, René Ghil, Claude Anet, da sauransu.
Bayan ta zauna a Paris a 1912, Ohanian ta fara shiga cikin wallafe-wallafen, kuma waƙoƙinta da zane-zane na rayuwa sun sami hanyarsu a cikin manema labarai. Littafinta na farko, The Dancer of Shamakha, an buga shi a 1918 a Faransanci, wanda Anatole France ya gabatar. An fassara littafin zuwa Turanci, Mutanen Espanya, Jamusanci, Yaren mutanen Sweden, da Finnish. Daga baya ta wallafa wasu abubuwan tunawa a Faransanci, kamar In the Claws of Civilization a 1921, The Laughs of A Snake Charmer a 1931; wani labarin zaman da ta yi a Tarayyar Soviet a 1927, A cikin Sashe na shida na Duniya: Tafiya zuwa Rasha a 1928; da kuma wani labari, The Soloist of His Majesty, a 1929.
Rayuwar soyayyarta a cikin tsakar Belle Époque ba ta da yawa fiye da aikinta na fasaha. Tana da dangantaka da mutane daban-daban kamar mai zane Emile Bernard, marubuta Maurice Barres da Andre Germain, da kuma ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da marubuciyar Amurka Natalie Barney . Ta yi aure a karo na biyu ga masanin tattalin arziki da diflomasiyya na Mexico Makedonio Garza a 1922, kuma bayan sun zauna a Hamburg, Mexico, New York, Paris, Moscow, London, da Madrid, ma'auratan sun zauna a Mexico a 1934.
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Raguwar aikinta na rawa bai hana Ohanian bin al'adu da siyasa ba. Bayan ta zama mai sha'awar raye-raye na asali na Mexico a lokacin ɗan gajeren tafiya a 1922-1923, ta kafa makarantar rawa a Birnin Mexico a 1936. Ya himmatu ga Kwaminisanci tun daga tsakiyar shekarun 1920, Ohanian ya kasance memba mai aiki na Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Mexico. Tare da haɗin gwiwar mijinta, ta fassara littattafai da yawa daga Rasha zuwa Mutanen Espanya, amma kuma ta zama marubuciya mai yawa da kanta tare da littattafai kan wallafe-wallafen Rasha, Soviet, da Mexican. A shekara ta 1946 ta wallafa Happy Armenia, wani littafi game da Soviet Armenia a cikin Mutanen Espanya, wanda ya nuna sabuntawa na sha'awa ga kakanninta na Armeniya. Daga cikin wallafe-wallafen da ta fitar, duk da haka, aikin da ta zaba shi ne waka, "My Dream as an Exile," da aka rubuta a Armenian kuma aka buga a 1952 a cikin mujallar Paris.
Ohanian ta dawo cikin rawa na Mexico a cikin 1940-1941 da 1946, kuma ta bayyana a kan mataki a Paris a cikin 1949 da 1953, lokacin da ta shiga cikin shekaru sittin. A lokacin ziyarar ta biyu zuwa Tarayyar Soviet a 1958 tare da mijinta, sun yi tafiya a takaice zuwa Yerevan, inda ta ba da wani ɓangare na fayilolin sirri ga Gidan Tarihi da Fasaha. Bayan ta koma Mexico, ta ci gaba da rubutu, fassara, da kuma bugawa har zuwa 1969, lokacin da ta samar da littafinta na karshe a cikin Mutanen Espanya.