Arnaldo Forlani
Arnaldo Forlani (Italian; 8 ga Disamba 1925 - 6 ga Yulin 2023) ɗan siyasan Italiya ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin Firayim Minista na Italiya daga 1980 zuwa 1981. Ya kuma rike mukamin Mataimakin Firayim Minista na Italiya, Ministan Harkokin Waje, da Ministan Tsaro. A cikin 1981, tare da Bettino Craxi da Giulio Andreotti, Forlani ya inganta Pentapartito, hadin gwiwar siyasa tsakanin manyan jam'iyyun Italiya guda biyar da suka mallaki Italiya tsakanin 1981 da 1991. A lokacin mutuwarsa a 2023, shi ne mafi tsufa da kuma Firayim Ministan Italiya mafi tsawo.ititit
Wani memba na bangaren dama na jam'iyyar Christian Democracy (DC), Forlani na ɗaya daga cikin fitattun 'yan siyasa na Italiya daga shekarun 1970 zuwa farkon shekarun 1990. Ya jagoranci jam'iyyar DC a lokuta biyu: tsakanin 1969 da 1973, da kuma tsakanin 1989 da 1992. Harkokin Forlani, wanda ya kasance kasa da shekara guda, ya kasance alama ce ta Girgizar kasa ta 1980 a Irpinia da kuma Propaganda Due scandal, wanda ya haifar da murabus dinsa a watan Yunin 1981. Ayyukansa na siyasa ya ƙare a cikin shekarun 1990 bayan abin kunya na Tangentopoli da kuma rashin nasarar tsayawa takarar shugaban Jamhuriyar Italiya.
Rayuwa ta farko da aiki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Forlani a ranar 8 ga Disamba, 1925, a Pesaro, Marche . [1] [2] A lokacin ƙuruciya, ya buga wasa a matsayin ɗan wasan tsakiya a Vis Pesaro a gasar Serie C ta ƙasar Italiya . [2] A shekarar 1948, bayan ya sami digiri a fannin shari'a a Jami'ar Urbino kuma aka zaɓe shi a matsayin kansila na tarayya da na lardi, Forlani ya fara aikinsa na siyasa, inda ya riƙe muƙamin sakataren gundumar na Dimokuraɗiyya ta Kirista (DC) a Pesaro.
A shekara ta 1954, Forlani ya zama memba na kwamitin tsakiya na Dimokuradiyya ta Kirista, a matsayin memba na ƙungiyar dama. A shekara mai zuwa, Forlani ya zama darektan sashen jam'iyyar Studi, Propaganda e Stampa . A cikin Babban zaben Italiya na 1958, an zabi Forlani a Majalisar Wakilai a karon farko.[1] Forlani nan da nan ya zama ɗaya daga cikin abokan aiki mafi kusa na Amintore Fanfani, a matsayin mai gabatar da Nuove Cronache DC na yanzu, wanda Forlani ya zama lambar ta biyu a cikin 1959.[1] A shekara ta 1962, an zabe shi mataimakin sakataren dimokuradiyya na Kirista, a karkashin jagorancin Aldo Moro. [2] Ya rike wannan mukamin na tsawon shekaru bakwai har zuwa 1969 a karkashin sakatariyar Mariano Rumor da Flaminio Piccoli . [2]
Sakataren Dimokuradiyya na Kirista
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
A watan Disamba na shekara ta 1968, Rumor ya zama Firayim Minista na Italiya kuma ya nada Forlani a matsayin Ministan Kasuwancin Jama'a. A watan Agustan 1969, ya zama Ministan Dangantaka da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya a gwamnatin Rumor ta biyu. A watan Satumbar 1969, a San Ginesio ya tsara, tare da Ciriaco na Mita, "Pact of San Ginesios" don jagorantar DC, wanda ya zama abin duniya lokacin da watanni biyu bayan haka, a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 1969, Forlani ya zama sakataren DC da De Mita, mataimakin sakatarensa. [1] Forlani ya ɗauki jagorancin jam'iyyar a lokacin rashin kwanciyar hankali na zamantakewa wanda ya haifar da tattarawa a cikin jami'o'i da masana'antu, wanda ya tsara Preambolo, don neman Jam'iyyar Socialist ta Italiya (PSI) ta zama wani ɓangare na gwamnatin tsakiya-hagu don karya duk dangantaka da Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Italiya: PCI a cikin gwamnatocin birni da kungiyoyin kwadago.
Nasarar DC ta gamsarwa a zaben yankin Italiya na 1970, tare da kashi 37% na kuri'un da aka kada a duk fadin kasar da kuma nasara a dukkan yankuna sai dai uku, bai ba Forlani damar cimma dan takarar DC na Zaben shugaban kasar Italiya na 1971 ba. Tsohon mai ba da shawara Fanfani ya sami isasshen amincewa daga Majalisar Wakilai. Dan takarar Forlani na biyu shi ne Aldo Moro, amma Majalisar dokokin Italiya ta ki amincewa da wannan gabatarwa. A ƙarshe, DC ta ba da shawarar Giovanni Leone, tsohon Firayim Minista kuma shugaban majalisar wakilai na dogon lokaci, wanda aka zaba tare da goyon bayan sabuwar ƙungiyar 'yanci ta Italiya.