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Arrhichion

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Arrhichion
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Phigalia (en) Fassara, 6 century "BCE"
Mutuwa Ολυμπία (mul) Fassara, 564 "BCE"
Karatu
Harsuna Ancient Greek (mul) Fassara
Sana'a
Sana'a pancratiast (en) Fassara
Kyaututtuka

Arrhichion (wanda kuma aka rubuta Arrhachion, Arrichion ko Arrachion)  na Phigalia (Girkanci: Αρριχίων ο Φιγαλεύς) (ya rasu a shekara ta 564 BC) ya kasance zakaran yan wasan Pankratian Ya mutu yayin da ya yi nasarar kare kambunsa a gasar cin kofin duniya a gasar Olympics ta 54th (564 BC).[1] [2]An siffanta Arrhichion a matsayin “mafi shaharar dukkan masu bin kadin fanka”[3]

Tarihi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Arrhichion shi ne wanda ya yi nasara a gasar wasannin Olympics na 52 da 53 (572 BC da 568 BC, bi da bi).[4] Pankration wasa ne na hada-hada da dambe da kokawa da harbawa da rikewa, kulle-kullen hadin gwiwa da shake a kasa, wanda hakan ya yi kama da MMA na zamani. Masanin labarin kasa Pausanias da Philostratus ƙaramin ya bayyana yaƙin Arrhichion.[3] A cewar Pausanias:

Domin sa’ad da yake fafatawa da zaitun daji tare da ɗan takara na ƙarshe, ko wane ne, sai na baya ya fara kamawa, ya riƙe Arrhachion, ya rungume shi da ƙafafunsa, a lokaci guda kuma ya matse wuyansa da hannuwansa. Arrhachion ya kawar da yatsan yatsan abokin hamayyarsa, amma ya kare saboda shaƙa; amma wanda ya shake Arrhachion ya zama dole ya ba da gudummawa a lokaci guda saboda ciwon yatsansa. Eleans sun yi rawani kuma suka yi shelar nasara ga gawar Arrhachion.[2]

Asusun Philostratus ya fi tsayi. A cikin Imagines nasa, wani balaguron hasashe na gidan zane-zane, Philostratus ya kwatanta zanen mutuwar Arrhichion.[5] A cikin fassarar Arthur Fairbanks:

Don haka sai abokin hamayyar Arrichion, ya riga ya kama shi a tsakiya, ya yi tunanin kashe shi; ya riga ya raunata gabansa game da makogwaron dayan don kashe numfashi, yayin da, ya danna kafafunsa a kan makwancinsa yana karkatar da ƙafafunsa daya a cikin kowace gwiwa na abokin gaba, ya hana Arrichion juriya ta hanyar shake shi har barcin mutuwa ta haka ya sa ya fara ratsa hankalinsa. Amma a cikin shakatawa da tashin hankali na kafafunsa ya kasa hana makircin Arrichion; domin na karshen ya kori baya da tafin kafarsa ta dama (sakamakon da bangarensa na dama ya lalace tun yanzu guiwarsa ta rataye ba ta da goyon baya), sannan da kuncinsa ya rike abokin gaba har sai ya kasa yin gaba, ya jefar da nauyinsa zuwa hagu yayin da yake kulle kafar na karshen damtse a cikin nasa gwiwa, ta wannan tsautsayi ya yi waje da kwalwarsa.[6]

Philostratus na Athens ya rubuta a cikin Gymnasticus cewa rashin biyayya Arrichion ga abokin hamayyarsa shine sakamakon mai horar da shi, Eryxias, ya yi masa kirari, "Wani babban al'amari ne, 'Ba a taɓa ci shi ba a Olympia'"[3][7][8]

An kafa wani mutum-mutumi na Arrhichion a Figali. Yanzu ana nuna abin da aka yi imani da shi mutum-mutumi iri ɗaya a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya a Olympia[3][9][10] Yana daya daga cikin tsofaffin mutum-mutumin masu nasara na Olympics.[11]

A cikin al'ada

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Arrhichion ya kasance batun waka mai suna "Arrichion", na Jeanette Threlfall, wanda mawaƙin ya yi baƙin ciki game da cewa ɗan wasan ya rayu kuma ya mutu kafin St. Paul ya kawo Kiristanci zuwa Girka.[12][13]

A cikin shahararrun al'adu

Mummunan fadan Arrhichion za a yi watsi da shi a Monty Python da The Holy Grail, inda bakar fata ya yanke duk wata gabobinsa da Sarki Arthur ya yanke amma ya ki yin kasa a gwiwa, duk da kasancewarsa marar kafa da hannu, har sai da ya yi zane yayin da suke wucewa ta jikinsa da ba ya iya aiki. A cewar sharhin DVD, an ba wa John Cleese labarin labarin a cikin ajin Ingilishi tare da ɗabi'ar labarin shine "idan ba ku daina ba, ba za ku iya yiyuwa asara ba" kuma koyaushe yana kama shi a matsayin "ba shi da kyau a falsafa". Duk da haka, wannan labari na apocryphal ne, tun da Black Knight ya dogara ne akan Sir Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur.

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ Brophy, Robert H. (1978). "Deaths in the Pan-Hellenic Games: Arrachion and Creugas". The American Journal of Philology. 99 (3). Johns Hopkins University Press: 363–390. doi:10.2307/293747. JSTOR 293747. PMID 16411322.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Pausanias. "Description of Greece VIII.xl.1-2". Perseus Project. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Harris, H. A. (1964). Greek Athletes and Athletics. London: Hutchinson & Co. p. 108.
  4. ↑ Matz, David (1991). Greek and Roman Sport: A Dictionary of Athletes and Events from the Eighth Century B.C. to the Third Century A.D. McFarland. p. 32. ISBN 978-0899505589.
  5. ↑ Tyrrell, William Blake (2004). The Smell of Sweat: Greek Athletics, Olympics, and Culture. Wauconda, Illinois: Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc. pp. 138–140. ISBN 0-86516-553-X.
  6. ↑ Philostratus the Elder; Philostratus the Younger (1969). Imagines. Loeb Classical Library. Trans. Arthur Fairbanks. Cambridge, Massachusetts; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann Ltd. p. 153.
  7. ↑ Nicholson, Nigel James (2005). Aristocracy and Athletics in Archaic and Classical Greece. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-521-84522-9.
  8. ↑ "Ancient Olympics - Philostratus, Gymnasticus 21". KU Leuven. 2012. Retrieved September 18, 2012.
  9. ↑ Hyde, Walter Woodburn (1921). Olympic victor monuments and Greek athletic art. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington. pp. 326–328
  10. ↑ Harker, Barry R. (1996). Strange Fire: Christianity and the Rise of Modern Olympism. Rapidan, Virginia: Hartland Publications. p. 2. ISBN 0-923309-49-7.
  11. ↑ Hyde, Walter Woodburn (1914). "The Oldest Dated Victor Statue". American Journal of Archaeology. 18 (2). Archaeological Institute of America: 156–164. doi:10.2307/497402. JSTOR 497402.
  12. ↑ J. T. (September 1848). "Arrichion". The Christian Lady's Magazine. 30 (3). London: Seeleys: 240–243.
  13. ↑ Threlfall, Jennette (1873). Sunshine and Shadow. Poems. London: William Hunt and Company. pp. 24–27.
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