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Arroyo (ruwa)

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Las Cruces Arroyo a New Mexico
Wani kogi a cikin Sonoran Desert na Arizona
ambaliyar ruwa ta buge wani kogi mai bushe a cikin hamadar GobiGobi Desert
Bayyanar sararin samaniya na El Paso's Arroyo Park, ko Billy Rogers Arroyo, yana ba da hanyar ruwan sama a kan Dutsen Franklin a baya
Arroyo (ruwa)
type of watercourse (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na seasonal river (en) Fassara da dry valley (en) Fassara

(daga arroyo)(Spanish), "kogin"))) ko wankewa ruwa ne mai bushe wanda na ɗan lokaci ko na yanayi ya cika kuma yana gudana bayan isasshen ruwan sama.[1] Ambaliyar ruwa ta yau da kullun ce a cikin arroyos bayan tsawa. Yana da alaƙa da rambla na Katalan, wanda ya samo asali ne daga Larabci Ainsila, "kogi mai bushe".eseses

Ana kiran irin wannan yanayin Wadi (a Arewacin Afirka da Yammacin Asiya), chapp a cikin Gobi, vaga a cikin Kalahari, donga a Afirka ta Kudu, nullah a Indiya, fiumare a Italiya, da kwarin bushe a Ingila.[2]

Yankin wanka mai bushe na hamada an ƙuntata shi ga arroyos na kudu maso yammacin Amurka. Arroyos suna samar da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa ga dabbobi na hamada.

Nau'o'i da matakai

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Arroyos na iya noma yanayin ruwa na halitta ko kuma tashoshin kula da Ambaliyar ruwa da aka gina. Kalmar yawanci tana amfani da ƙasa mai gangara ko dutse a cikin yanayin xeric da hamada. Bugu da ƙari: a cikin al'ummomin karkara da yawa arroyos su ne manyan hanyoyin sufuri; kuma a cikin al-ummomin birane da yawa arrosyos ma wuraren shakatawa ne, sau da yawa tare da keke mai amfani da yawa, masu tafiya, da hanyoyin dawakai. Ambaliyar ruwa na iya haifar da zurfin arroyos ko zubar da turɓaya a kan ƙasashen ambaliyar ruwa. Wannan na iya rage matakin ruwan kasa na yankin da ke kewaye da shi, yana mai da shi bai dace da aikin gona ba. Koyaya teburin ruwa mai zurfi da aka saukar a cikin kwari arroyo na hamada na iya rage ruwan gishiri da ajiyar alkali a cikin ƙasa, yana mai da shi ya dace da aikin gona mai ban ruwa.

Huku Ambaliyar Doña Ana County a jihar New Mexico ta Amurka ta bayyana arroyo a matsayin "hanyar ruwa da ke gudanar da kwarara na lokaci-lokaci ko na ɗan lokaci, samar da magudanar ruwa na farko don yanki na ƙasa na kadada 40 (160,000 m) ko mafi girma; ko kuma hanyar ruwa wanda za a sa ran ya wuce ƙafa ɗari a kowace dakika sakamakon taron guguwa na shekara 100. " An gudanar da bincike a cikin Tsarin ruwa na dangi ga arroyos.[3] Ana yin arroyos na halitta ta hanyar tsari da aka sani da yanke arroyo. Wannan yana faruwa a yankuna masu bushewa, kamar New Mexico, inda ruwan sama mai tsanani zai iya haifar da fadada koguna da ke shiga cikin dutsen da ke kewaye da su suna haifar da raƙuman da suka bushe a yanayin yanayi na yau da kullun. An yi jayayya, duk da haka, ko waɗannan lokutan guguwa masu yawa sune kawai dalilin yanke kogi kamar yadda wasu dalilai kamar canje-canjen yanayi na dogon lokaci dole ne a yi la'akari da su.[4] Bugu da ƙari, yawan kiwo da dabbobi a cikin karni na 20 kuma a yau ya cire yawan ciyayi na sama wanda ke rage shigar da ruwan sama a ƙasa da kuma karuwar runoff, ƙara saurin da kuzari na abubuwan da suka faru na ruwan sama. Haɗe da famfo na ruwa na ƙasa wannan yana ƙara raguwa a cikin arroyos. Yankewar ruwa wanda ya faru a cikin 1900s a kudu maso yammacin Amurka ya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani na noma kamar saukar da teburin ruwa da lalata filayen noma.

An gina shi

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A yankunan noma a cikin yanayi da ke buƙatar ban ruwa, manoma sun dogara da ƙananan arroyos, acequias, zanjas ko tashoshin ruwa da Rashin ruwa don rarraba ruwa.

Misali na manyan gine-ginen arroyos yana cikin Albuquerque, New Mexico. Akwai mil da yawa na tashoshin ruwa na kankare wanda ke kwantar da wani yanki zuwa cikin babban tashar Arewa, mai ba da gudummawa na Rio Grande wanda ya shiga Albuquerque. Bayan San Juan Project Water Treatment Plant a nan, kwararar Rio Grande ta wuce abin da ake buƙata don mazaunin minnow mai azurfa na kogin yana samuwa don karkatar da samar da ruwa na gari. Ana sanya alamomi a cikin arroyos da aka gina gargadi don ci gaba saboda haɗarin ambaliyar ruwa.

Arroyo Seco da Kogin Los Angeles sun fi shahara a Kudancin California na tsoffin hanyoyin ruwa na yanayi na arroyo waɗanda suka zama gine-ginen tsarin ruwa mai buɗewa.

  1. "Arroyo Definition". MSN Encarta. Archived from the original on 2009-04-06. Retrieved 2009-10-02.
  2. Ortuño, Vicente M.; Gilgado, José D.; Jiménez-Valverde, Alberto; Sendra, Alberto; Pérez-Suárez, Gonzalo; Herrero-Borgoñón, uan J. (2013). "The "Alluvial Mesovoid Shallow Substratum", a New Subterranean Habitat". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e76311. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...876311O. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076311. PMC 3790681. PMID 24124544.
  3. "Modeling the Dynamics of Gully and Arroyo Formation Fort Carson and Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Colorado" (PDF). Defense Technical Information Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 4, 2011. Retrieved 2009-10-02.
  4. Rice, R. J.; Fundamentals of Geomorphology, Longman, 1988 ISBN 978-0582301511