Asalat Khan
 Asalat Khan | |
|---|---|
| Rayuwa | |
| Mutuwa | 1647 |
| Sana'a | |
_-_1983.94.2_-_Yale_University_Art_Gallery_(cropped).jpg)
Mir Abdul Hadi (ya mutu a shekara ta 1647), wanda aka fi sani da taken Asalat Khan, ya kasance mai daraja kuma janar na Daular Mughal a lokacin mulkin Mughal sarki Shah Jahan . Ya yi aiki a takaice a matsayin mir bakhshi (mai biyan kuɗi-janar), ɗaya daga cikin matsayi mafi girma a cikin gwamnatin daular. Ya taka muhimmiyar rawa Wayne jagorantar yakin neman zaɓe na Shah Jahan na Asiya ta Tsakiya.[1]
Asali
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mir Abdul Hadi ɗan Mir Miran Yazd ne, wani mashahurin Farisa wanda ya samo asali ne a Yazd .[1][2] Mir Abdul yana da ƙaramin ɗan'uwa mai suna Khalilullah Khan .[3] Mir Miran ya tsere daga Farisa a shekara ta 1607 saboda tsoron tsanantawa, ya sami mafaka a Mughal India, amma ya bar ɗansa a baya. A shekara ta 1612, wani dan majalisa na Mughal mai suna Khan Alam ya yi tafiya zuwa Farisa a matsayin jakada a madadin sarki Jahangir; sarki ya nemi mai mulkin Farisa Shah Abbas I cewa jakadan ya dawo da Mir Abdul Hadi da ɗan'uwansa zuwa Indiya.[1][2] Mir Abdul Hadi ya bi Khan Alam zuwa Indiya a shekara ta 1618. [4]
Ayyuka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Mir Abdul Hadi ya shiga aikin Mughal zuwa ƙarshen mulkin Jahangir. Ya sami taken "Asalat Khan" daga sarkin Mughal na gaba, Shah Jahan, a cikin 1630. A shekara ta 1632 an sanya shi Bakshi (mai gudanarwa) na Ahadis (mai tsaron sarauta). Ya yi aiki a Deccan, yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen kama Bhalki Fort . Daga nan sai ya shiga cikin kewaye na Mughal na Parenda a kusa da 1633, wanda aka ba shi lada ta hanyar nada shi subahdar (gwamnan) na Delhi da Jaunpur .[1] A lokacin gwamnan Delhi, Asalat Khan ya gina bund (dam) a Palam a kan rafi. Padshahnama ya rubuta wani farauta na Shah Jahan a cikin 1638, wanda ya faru a wani wurin shakatawa da wannan madatsar ruwan ke shayarwa.[5] An ɗaga Asalat Khan zuwa matsayin Bakshi na biyu (mataimakin mir bakhshi) a cikin 1639. Tsakanin 1641 da 1642, Asalat Khan ya yi yaƙi da Raja Jagat Singh, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin kwamandojin Mughals guda uku a yakin da aka yi da mulkin Nurpur; an shawo kan tawaye.[1][6] A shekara ta 1644, an kara shi zuwa mukamin mir bakhshi, wanda ya sanya shi shugaban gwamnatin soja a Daular Mughal;[1] zai yi aiki har zuwa 1647.[2]
A wannan lokacin, Shah Jahan ya tabbatar da matsayin Mughal a kan iyakar arewa maso yammacin daular (Afghanistan na zamani) kuma ya mai da hankalinsa ga Asiya ta Tsakiya, da nufin kai farmaki ga Uzbeks waɗanda suka yi barazanar Mughal a Kabul a baya. A watan Oktoba na shekara ta 1645, Shah Jahan ya umarci Asalat Khan da ya tara sojoji a Kabul, tare da niyyar amfani da birnin a matsayin filin da aka shirya don kamfen ɗin Asiya ta Tsakiya. Ya kuma umarci Asalat Khan da ya zana hanyar mamayewa zuwa Badakhshan ta hanyar share hanyoyi da gina gadoji. Ba da daɗewa ba bayan hare-haren soja da bincike sun fara, Asalat Khan ya jagoranci balaguron kwana goma sha shida a kan Hindu Kush, ya kwace dabbobi da fursunoni a matsayin fansa ga tawaye na gida.[7] A watan Yulin sojojin Mughal sun isa Balkh kuma sun kama shi tare da juriya kaɗan; duk da haka, mai mulkinsa Nazr Muhammad ya yi ƙoƙari ya tsere tare da dukiyarsa. Asalat Khan ya bi shi kuma ya tsayar da shi a mummunan yakin Shibarghan (1646), wanda ya haifar da nasarar Mughal a watan Yuli. Shah Jahan daga baya ya ba da umarnin bukukuwa na kwanaki takwas, kuma an ɗaga matsayin Asalat Khan zuwa 5000. Koyaya, ba a kama Nazr Muhammad ba, kuma daga baya ya tsere zuwa Isfahan.[8][1][9]
Asalat Khan ya mutu ba tare da daɗewa ba a cikin hunturu na shekara ta 1647, yayin da yake tsaye a Balkh don yakin basasar Asiya ta Tsakiya, daga fuskantar yanayin sanyi.[2]
Rayuwa ta mutum
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Asalat Khan ya mallaki haveli (mazaunin) a Agra tare da gefen dama na Kogin Yamuna, kusa da Taj Mahal; ba a kiyaye tsarin ba.[2] A kusa da shekara ta 1644, likitan tiyata Gabriel Boughton ya shiga aikin Asalat Khan a Agra, bayan wannan ya nemi Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya a Surat don likitan tiyat na Turai. Wannan likitan ya bi shi zuwa Balkh a lokacin da yake aikin soja.[10] Asalat Khan yana da ɗa mai suna Iftikhar Khan, wani Mughal mai daraja wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin akhtah begi (masu mulkin mallaka) a lokacin mulkin Aurangzeb . Ya kuma haifi ɗa mai suna Multafat Khan .[11][12]
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Glynn, Catherine (2000). "A Rājasthānī Princely Album: Rājput Patronage of Mughal-Style Painting". Artibus Asiae. 60 (2): 239–257. doi:10.2307/3249919. ISSN 0004-3648.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Koch, Ebba; Barraud, Richard André (2006). The complete Taj Mahal: and the riverfront gardens of Agra. London: Thames & Hudson. pp. 31, 32, 61, 64. ISBN 978-0-500-28984-6.
- ↑ Hasan, Maulvi Zafar (1997). Page, J. A (ed.). Monuments of Delhi. 2: Delhi Zail (1. Repr. with new introd. and photogr ed.). New Delhi: Aryan Books International. p. 200. ISBN 978-81-7305-112-8.
- ↑ O’Brien, Janet (2024-12-19). "Invader Enthroned: The Indian Portraits of Nadir Shah and Their Local and British Collectors". Ars Orientalis. 54 (0). doi:10.3998/ars.7032. ISSN 2328-1286.
- ↑ Parpia, Shaha (2018-07-03). "Hunting ground, agricultural land and the forest: sustainable interdependency in Mughal India 1526–1707". Landscape History. 39 (2): 37–38. doi:10.1080/01433768.2018.1534456. ISSN 0143-3768.
- ↑ Jeratha, Aśoka (2000). Forts and Palaces of the Western Himalaya (in Turanci). Indus Publishing. pp. 46–49. ISBN 978-81-7387-104-7.
- ↑ Gates, Scott; Roy, Kaushik (2014-11-20). War and State-Building in Afghanistan: Historical and Modern Perspectives (in Turanci). Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 63–64. ISBN 978-1-4725-7219-6.
- ↑ Gommans, Jos J. L., ed. (2003). Mughal warfare: Indian frontiers and highroads to empire, 1500-1700. Warfare and history. London New York: Routledge. pp. 183–184. ISBN 978-0-203-40258-0.
- ↑ "The Battle of Shahbarghan", Folio from a Padshahnama (Chronicle of the Emperor), Metropolitan Museum of Art, retrieved 2025-01-22
- ↑ Kochhar, Rajesh (2024-02-20). "English Surgeons and Company Trade Concessions". Science and the British Empire (in Turanci) (1 ed.). London: Routledge India. doi:10.4324/9781003466406-2. ISBN 978-1-003-46640-6.
- ↑ Van Meersbergen, Guido (2019). "The Diplomatic Repertoires of the East India Companies in Mughal South Asia, 1608-1717". The Historical Journal. 62 (4): 890. doi:10.2307/26824320. ISSN 0018-246X.
- ↑ van Meersbergen, Guido (2017). "The Dutch merchant-diplomat in comparative perspective: Embassies to the court of Aurangzeb, 1660-1666". In Sowerby, Tracey Amanda; Hennings, Jan (eds.). Practices of diplomacy in the early modern world c.1410-1800. Routledge research in early modern history. London ; New York, NY: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 147 & 157. ISBN 978-1-138-65063-3.