Ba tare da uba ba bisa doka
 Ba tare da uba ba bisa doka | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
fatherlessness (en)  da Doka |
| Applies to jurisdiction (en) | Greenland |
| Lokacin farawa | 1914 |
Tsakanin 1914 zuwa ko dai 1963 (Kitaa) ko 1974 (Avannaa da Tunu), Dokokin Danish suna ɗaukar 'ya'yan mata marasa aure na Greenland ba su da uba (Danish: juridisk faderløse): ba su da ikon sani ko gado daga iyayensu na halitta. Yawancin ubanni 'yan Danish ne, don haka dokokin, a zahiri, sun ware mazajen Danish na launin fata daga alhakinsu da ayyukansu a cikin al'ummar Greenland. Ware wariyar launin fata da aka yi wa doka ta kasance ta wata hanya a Greenland a duk lokacin mulkin mallaka na Danish, gami da dokokin da ke hana ɓarna.
An saki wani rahoto na bincike, wanda gwamnatin Denmark ta ba da umarni, a cikin 2011. Shekaru uku bayan haka, an ba wa yara marasa uba damar kai karar iyaye da kuma gadon dukiya daga iyayensu. Ya zuwa 2023, an fara shari'ar shari'a ta wasu marasa uba a kan jihar Danish.
Tarihi da dokoki
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kafin kuma a lokacin dokokin rashin uba na doka, Denmark ita ce mai mulkin mallaka na Greenland . [1] A duk lokacin mulkinta, Denmark ta kafa tsarin wariyar launin fata na raba al'ummar Danish daga al'ummar Greenlandic, gami da dokokin da ke hana Haɗuwa da wasu nau'ikan dangantaka tsakanin maza na Danish da mata na Inuit na Greenlandic.[1] A cikin karni na ashirin, amma musamman a cikin shekarun 1950 da 1960, mazajen Danish sun zauna na ɗan lokaci a Greenland kuma sun haifi yara tare da matan Greenlandic.[2][1] Tun da zama na wucin gadi ne, maza da yawa sun bar yara ba tare da iyaye ba.[3]
Dokokin mulkin mallaka na farko (ciki har da mulkin 1782 da sake dubawa na 1873) sun buƙaci mazajen Danish su biya kuɗin shekara-shekara don tallafawa 'ya'yansu marasa aure.[2] Tsakanin 1890 da 1910, ka'idojin tallafi sun bambanta sosai.[2]
A shekara ta 1914, Denmark ta fara kirkirar tsarin rashin uba na doka, inda 'ya'yan uwaye marasa aure na Greenlandic ba su da damar sanin ko gadon daga iyayensu.[1] Dokokin sun kare maza da yawa na Danish daga samun wani alhakin 'ya'yansu na Greenlandic.[1] A sakamakon haka, sun kasance masu wariyar launin fata.[1] Dokokin sun kasance har zuwa 1963 a Kitaa, kuma an soke su a Avannaa da Tunubi a shekara ta 1974. [4] An haifi daruruwan yara marasa uba bisa doka kafin a maye gurbin dokokin.[2] Wani kimantawa a cikin 2016 ya nuna cewa an haifi yara tsakanin 5,000 da 8,000 ba tare da uba ba.[5]
Yunkurin fafutuka
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A shekara ta 2009, Anne Sofie Hardenberg ta fitar da tarihin rayuwarta a matsayin yarinya marar uba (Kampen for en Far, Turanci: Yakin Uba), kuma an kafa kungiyar marasa uba, Kattuffik Ataata . [3] A shekara ta gaba, gwamnatin Denmark ta hayar da masana tarihi daga Denmark da Greenland don bincika batun; an buga rahoton su a 2011. [3]
Saboda gwagwarmaya da buƙatun da 'yan siyasa na Greenlandic Sue yi, Denmark ta sauya cikakkiyar tanadin rashin uba a cikin shekara ta 2014. [1] Sabuwar dokar ta ba da damar 'ya'yan Greenlandic na uwaye marasa aure su gaji daga iyayensu kuma su kai karar iyaye.[1] A cikin 2019, Denmark ta ware wasu kroner miliyan 4.7 (kimanin USD $ 700,000) don taimakon tunani da shari'a ga marasa uba bisa doka, kodayake ba a yi amfani da yawancin su ba.[6]
Sun ci gaba da matsawa don diyya; wani rukuni na mutane 26 marasa uba bisa doka, wanda lauya ɗaya ke wakiltar ƙananan mutanen Denmark da suka tsira daga gwajin (Mads Pramming), ya bukaci DKK 125,000 kroner a cikin 2022 (kimanin USD $ 19,000). [4][7] A watan Afrilu na shekara ta 2023, gwamnatin Denmark ta ki biyan diyya ga kungiyar.[5] A wannan shekarar, shari'ar shari'a ta mutane 26 da ba su da uba bisa doka sun fara adawa da jihar.[12] Ma'aikatar Shari'a ta Denmark ta tabbatar da cewa shari'arsu za ta ci gaba ba tare da farashi ba, kuma Cibiyar Kare Hakkin Dan Adam ta Danish ta ba da taimako ga kungiyar.[8][9]