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Babban Kwamitin Kiwon Lafiya

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Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
General Medical Council
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Majalisar Likitoci ta Janar (GMC) ƙungiya ce ta jama'a wacce ke kula da rajistar likitocin a cikin Burtaniya. Babban alhakinta shine "kare, haɓakawa da kiyaye lafiya da amincin jama'a" ta hanyar sarrafa shigar da rajista, da dakatarwa ko cire membobin idan ya cancanta. Hakanan yana tsara ma'auni na makarantun likitanci a Burtaniya. Kasancewa cikin rajistar yana ba da gata mai yawa a ƙarƙashin Sashe na VI na Dokar Kiwon Lafiya ta 1983. Laifi ne mai laifi yin da'awar zama memba na ƙarya. GMC tana samun tallafin kuɗin da membobinta ke biya, kuma ta zama ƙungiyar agaji mai rijista a 2001.

Tarihi

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Dokar Kiwon Lafiya ta 1858 ta kafa Babban Majalisar Ilimi da Rijistar Kiwon Lafiyar Ingila a matsayin hukuma ta doka.[1] Da farko membobinta ne suka zaba daga membobin sana'a, kuma sun ji daɗin amincewa da yawa daga sana'a.

Manufar

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Dukkanin ayyukan GMC sun samo asali ne daga abin da ake buƙata na doka don kafawa da kiyaye rajista, wanda shine jerin sunayen likitoci na wucin gadi ko cikakke "masu aikin likita masu rajista", a cikin ɓangaren jama'a a Burtaniya.[2] GMC tana sarrafa shigarwa cikin Jerin Likitocin da aka yi rajista ("rikodin likita"). Dokar Kiwon Lafiya ta 1983 (wanda aka gyara) ta lura cewa, "Babban manufar Babban Majalisar wajen aiwatar da ayyukansu shine karewa, ingantawa da kula da lafiya da lafiyar jama'a. "[2]

Abu na biyu, GMC tana tsarawa da kuma saita ka'idoji ga makarantun kiwon lafiya a Burtaniya, kuma tana hulɗa da wasu ƙasashe masu kula da kiwon lafiya da jami'o'i a kan makarantun kiwo a kasashen waje, wanda ke haifar da wasu cancanta da aka amince da juna. Tun daga shekara ta 2010, ta kuma tsara ilimin likitanci na digiri.[3]

Na uku, GMC tana da alhakin tsarin lasisi da sake tabbatarwa ga duk likitoci masu aiki a Burtaniya, sun rabu da tsarin rajista, tun daga 3 ga Disamba 2012. [4]

Ayyuka da iko

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Saboda ka'idar cin gashin kai da dokar yarda babu wani ƙuntatawa na doka akan wanda zai iya kula da marasa lafiya ko samar da sabis na kiwon lafiya ko na kiwon lafiyar. A wasu kalmomi, ba laifi ba ne a samar da abin da za a dauka a matsayin taimakon likita ko magani ga wani mutum - kuma ba kawai a cikin gaggawa ba. Wannan ya bambanta da matsayin da ya shafi dabbobi, inda laifi ne a karkashin Dokar Likitocin Dabbobi ta 1966 ga wanda ba likitan dabbobi ba ne (ko a wasu yanayi mafi iyakantaccen ma'aikacin dabbobi) don samar da magani (sai a cikin gaggawa) ga dabba da ba su da mallakar.

Majalisar, tun lokacin da aka kafa Dokar 1858, ta ba da iko ga GMC don ba da fa'idodi da alhakin shari'a daban-daban ga waɗancan likitocin da aka yi rajista tare da GMC - ƙungiyar jama'a da ƙungiya, kamar yadda aka bayyana, na Dokar Kiwon Lafiya ta 1983, ta Mista Burnett a cikin Ƙungiyar Kiwon Lafiyar Burtaniya da Babban Majalisar Kiwon Laƙabilar.

Registration brings with it the privileges, as they are described, set out in Part 6 of the Act. In reality, they comprise prohibitions for all those not registered. Section 46 prohibits any person from recovering in a court of law any charge rendered for medical advice, attendance or surgery unless he is registered. Section 47 provides that only those registered can act as physicians, surgeons or medical officers in any NHS hospital, prison, in the armed forces or other public institutions. Section 48 invalidates certificates, such as sick notes or prescriptions, if signed by someone who is unregistered. Section 49 imposes penalties via criminal offences for pretending to be a registered medical practitioner.[5]

Ta hanyar abin da, ta hanyar umarni a cikin Majalisar Privy, [6] GMC ta bayyana "Babban manufar Babban Majalisar wajen aiwatar da ayyukansu shine karewa, ingantawa da kula da lafiya da lafiyar jama'a".

GMC tana samun kuɗi ta hanyar kudaden shekara-shekara da ake buƙata daga waɗanda ke son yin rajista da kudade don jarrabawa. Kudin rajista ya karu sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata: kudaden 2007 = £ 290, kudaden 2008 = £ 390, kudaden 2009 = £ 410, kudaden 2010 = £ 420, kudaden 2011 = £ 420 , tare da rangwamen 50% ga likitocin da ke samun ƙasa da £ 32,000.[7]

A cikin shekara ta 2011, biyo bayan Takardar Umurni "Enabling Excellence-Autonomy and Accountability for Healthcare Workers, Social Workers and Social Care Workers", GMC ta rage kudaden rajista daidai da dabarun Gwamnati don sake fasalin da sauƙaƙe tsarin don tsara ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya a Burtaniya da ma'aikatan zamantakewa da ma'aikata na kula da zamantakewa a Ingila kuma suna buƙatar cewa "[A]t lokacin hana albashi a bangarorin jama'a da masu zaman kansu, ana buƙatar rage nauyin kudaden ga kowane masu rajista. "

Rubuce-rubucen likitoci a Burtaniya

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The GMC maintains a register of medical practitioners. However, no law expressly prohibits any unregistered or unqualified person from practicing most types of medicine or even surgery. A criminal offence is committed only when such a person deliberately and falsely represents himself as being a registered practitioner or as having a medical qualification. The rationale of the criminal law is that people should be free to opt for any form of advice or treatment, however bizarre...[8]

Rijistar tare da GMC tana ba da dama da ayyuka da yawa.[9] Rijistar GMC na iya zama na wucin gadi ko cikakke. Ana ba da rajista na wucin gadi ga waɗanda suka kammala makarantar likita kuma suka shiga shekara ta farko (FY1) na horar da likita; ana iya canza wannan zuwa cikakken rajista bayan kammala shekara ta farko ta horar da digiri.[10] A baya, an ba da nau'i na uku na rajista ("ƙayyadadden rajista") ga likitocin da suka kammala karatu a waje da Burtaniya kuma waɗanda suka kammala jarrabawar kwamitin ƙwarewa da harshe amma har yanzu ba su kammala wani lokaci na aiki a Burtaniya ba. An soke iyakantaccen rajista a ranar 19 ga Oktoba 2007 kuma yanzu masu karatun likitanci na duniya na iya neman rajista na wucin gadi ko cikakken rajista dangane da matakin kwarewarsu - har yanzu suna da biyan bukatun GMC don ilimi da ƙwarewa da harshen Ingilishi.[11]

An ƙayyade nau'in da abun ciki na rajista a cikin Dokokin Babban Kwamitin Kiwon Lafiya (Hanyar da Abun ciki na Rijistar) na 2015. Bayanai da aka rubuta sun haɗa da sunan, adireshin, ranar cancanta, jinsi, ranar haihuwa, hoto, dacewa da yin aiki tarihin, ƙuntatawa da kuma ko suna da lasisi don yin aiki.[12] Ba duk bayanan da ke cikin rajistar ba ne ga jama'a.

GMC tana gudanar da Gwajin kwamitin kimantawa na sana'a da harshe (PLAB), wanda dole ne likitocin kasashen waje da ba na Tarayyar Turai ba su zauna kafin su iya yin aikin likita a Burtaniya a matsayin likita mai rijista. [ana buƙatar ƙa'ida][ana buƙatar hujja][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span>]

Ana iya cire likitan da aka gano ya aikata wasu laifuka daga ("ƙare") rajistar likita.

Lasisi da sake tabbatar da likitoci a Burtaniya

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Yanzu an ba GMC ikon yin lasisi da sabunta aikin likitoci akai-akai a Burtaniya. Lokacin da aka gabatar da tsarin ba da lasisi a cikin 2009, 13,500 (6.1%) na likitocin da suka yi rajista sun zaɓi kada a ba su lasisi.[1] Likitocin da ba su da lasisi amma masu rijista suna yiwuwa su zama malamai marasa koyarwa, manajoji, ko masu aiki a ƙasashen waje, ko kuma sun yi ritaya. Ganin cewa duk likitocin da suka yi rajista a Burtaniya an ba su lasisin yin aiki ta atomatik sau ɗaya a cikin Nuwamba 2009, tun daga Disamba 2012 babu lasisin da za a sabunta ta atomatik, amma za a sake sabunta shi duk bayan shekaru biyar. Babu likita yanzu da za a yi rajista a karon farko ba tare da an ba shi lasisin yin aiki ba kodayake likita mai lasisi na iya barin lasisin idan ya ga dama. Babu likita mara lasisi amma likita mai rijista a Burtaniya da ke ƙarƙashin sake tabbatarwa. Koyaya, likitoci marasa lasisi amma masu rijista a Burtaniya har yanzu suna ƙarƙashin tsarin motsa jiki-zuwa aiki, kuma ana buƙatar bin kyakkyawan jagorar aikin likita na GMC. [abubuwan da ake bukata]][ana buƙatar hujja][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span>]

Kafa ka'idojin aikin likita mai kyau

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GMC yana tsara ƙa'idodin ƙwararru da ɗabi'a waɗanda ake buƙatar likitoci a Burtaniya su bi. Babban jagorar da GMC ke bayarwa ga likitoci ana kiransa Good Medical Practice.] Wannan ya bayyana ma'auni na ƙwararrun ƙwararrun da jama'a ke tsammani daga likitocinsa kuma yana ba da ƙa'idodin da ke ƙarfafa shawarwarin motsa jiki na GMC. An rubuta asali a cikin 1995, bugu da aka sabunta ya fara aiki a cikin Nuwamba 2006, kuma wani yana aiki daga 22 Afrilu 2013. Abubuwan da ke cikin Kyawawan Ayyukan Kiwon lafiya an sake tsara su zuwa sassa huɗu na ayyuka. Mafi mahimmancin canjin su shine maye gurbin wani aiki zuwa, "Yi aiki ba tare da bata lokaci ba idan kuna da dalili mai kyau don yin imani cewa ku ko abokin aiki na iya sanya marasa lafiya cikin haɗari," zuwa wani sabon aiki don, "Daukar matakin gaggawa idan kuna tunanin cewa ana lalata lafiyar haƙuri, mutunci ko ta'aziyya". Tare da ɗan littafin jagora akwai jagororin bayani da yawa, gami da wani sabo game da amfani da kafofin watsa labarun. Hakanan GMC yana ba da ƙarin jagora ga likitoci kan takamaiman batutuwan ɗabi'a, kamar su kula da marasa lafiya a ƙasa da shekaru 18, kula da ƙarshen rayuwa, da rikice-rikice na sha'awa.[13]

Ilimin likita

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GMC tana tsara ilimin likita da horo a Ƙasar Ingila. Yana gudanar da shirye-shiryen 'tabbatar inganci' don makarantun likitanci na Burtaniya da kuma digiri na biyu don tabbatar da cewa an cimma ka'idojin da ake bukata da sakamakon.[14]

A cikin Fabrairun 2008 Sakataren Kiwon Lafiya na lokacin, Alan Johnson, ya yarda da shawarwarin Rahoton Takeke wanda ya ba da shawarar cewa Hukumar Kula da Ilimin Kiwon Lafiya ta Digiri da Digiri a cikin GMC.[1] Yayin da yake fahimtar nasarorin da PMETB ya samu, Farfesa John Tooke ya kammala cewa ana buƙatar haɗa ka'idoji zuwa jiki ɗaya; cewa a samu wata kungiya da ke kula da abin da ya kira 'ci gaba da karatun likitanci', tun daga lokacin da wani ya zabi aikin likitanci har ya yi ritaya. Haɗin, wanda ya fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2010, PMETB da GMC sun yi maraba da su..[15]

Rashin halayyar da kuma dacewa da yin aiki

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Ana iya tura likitan da aka yi rajista zuwa GMC idan akwai shakku game da lafiyarsu don yin aiki. GMC ta damu da tabbatar da cewa likitoci suna da aminci don yin aiki. Matsayinta ba, alal misali, ga likitoci masu kyau ko biyan diyya ga marasa lafiya bayan matsaloli (za a iya magance biyan diyya ta hanyar karar rashin aikin likita). [16] Sakamakon sauraron ana samun su a shafin yanar gizon GMC. [17]

A tarihi kula da damuwa yana da rafi biyu: daya game da kiwon lafiya, ɗayan game da hali ko iyawa, amma an haɗa waɗannan rafi, cikin tsari ɗaya na motsa jiki. GMC tana da iko don bayar da shawara ko gargadi ga likitoci, karɓar ayyukan daga gare su, ko tura su zuwa kwamitin motsa jiki. Kwamitin kula da lafiya na GMC na iya karɓar ayyukan likita, bayar da gargadi, sanya sharuɗɗa akan aikin likita, dakatar da likita, ko cire su daga rajistar likita (lokacin da aka ce an 'buɗe su').

An tabbatar da shi akai-akai cewa lafiyar GMC don aiwatar da matakai ta shafi likitocin da ba fararen fata ba. Likitocin baƙar fata da na kabilanci suna gunaguni game da ƙarin, ana bincika su akai-akai, suna ba da mafi tsanani a kai a kai, kuma ba su da wakilci a duk fannoni na shugabanci a cikin GMC.

A ranar 18 ga Yuni 2021, GMC, a karon farko a tarihinta an same shi da laifin nuna wariyar launin fata ga wani ba farar fata wata kotu a Burtaniya. Hukuncin da kotun da’ar ma’aikata ta Reading ta yanke, ta gano cewa GMC ta yi wa Dokta Karim mai ba da shawara kan ilimin urologist wariyar launin fata ta hanyar ci gaba da gudanar da bincike a kansa lokacin da ba ta binciki zargin da ake yi wa wani farar fata ba. Kotun ta ji Dr Karim sanannen likitan mata ne a duniya baki daya na kasashen Afirka baki daya da Turawa wanda ya kasance mai hura wuta a shari’ar da likitocin fida ke yi ba tare da horon da ya dace ba. Bayan binciken GMC, Dr Karim ya halarci zaman sauraron kararrakin motsa jiki a shekarar 2018, bayan da aka wanke shi daga wani laifi. Bayan sauraren karar, Dr Karim ya ce: “Tun da farko, GMC ta gan ni a matsayin bakar fata mai laifi kuma ya hana ni shaidar da za ta iya tabbatar da cewa ba ni da laifi..

Dr Karim ya bayyana zargin cin zarafi ba bisa ka'ida ba "abin takaici ne". Ya ce: "Kuna ji kamar komai ya ruguje kuma yana rugujewa. Lokacin da ba ku yi komai ba, kun gane cewa mutane na iya zama masu ramuwar gayya, GMC ta nuna min wariya kuma ina da kwararan hujjoji da ke nuna cewa ba ni da laifi amma sun hana ni shaida a lokacin kotuna na motsa jiki a 2018. Wannan babbar nasara ce kuma a karon farko da aka yi muku sunan GMC. Kuma sun yanke shawarar shari'ar tun da farko bisa ga hakan - abin mamaki ne, a gaskiya, asalina shine kawai bambanci tsakanina da mutumin da aka bar shi kuma shine babban kwatancena a duk wannan harka.

Jirgin gaggawa

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Samun rajista tare da GMC (ko na wucin gadi ko cikakke) kuma yana bawa mai rajista damar dacewa da amfani da fitilun haske mai haske ga motansu.[18][19] Ana iya amfani da irin waɗannan fitilu yayin halartar gaggawa na likita don faɗakar da wasu masu amfani da hanya game da kasancewarsu da niyyarsu.[20] Hakanan zasu iya sanya motar likita ta fi ganuwa idan sun tsaya a wurin hatsari.[21] Ba sa ba da izini ga dokokin zirga-zirgar hanya.

Gyara

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Tun daga shekara ta 2001, yanke shawara na GMC na lafiya don yin aiki sun kasance ƙarƙashin bita ta Majalisar Kula da Lafiya (CHRE), wanda zai iya bambanta da jumla.

GMC kuma tana da alhakin Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta hanyar Kwamitin Zaɓin Lafiya. A cikin rahotonsa na farko game da GMC, Kwamitin ya bayyana GMC a matsayin "mai kula da kiwon lafiya mai inganci", amma ya yi kira ga wasu canje-canje ga ka'idojin motsa jiki da ayyuka, gami da ba da damar GMC damar yin kira ga hukuncin bangarorin ta.[22]

A cikin 2000s, GMC ta aiwatar da sauye-sauye masu yawa na ƙungiyarta da hanyoyinta. A wani bangare, irin waɗannan motsi sun biyo bayan kashe-kashen Shipman. Sun bi jagorancin da gwamnatin Burtaniya ta kafa a cikin fararen takarda, Trust, Assurance and Safety . [23] A shekara ta 2001, an kara Freemasonry a cikin rajistar bukatun mambobin majalisa wanda GMC ta buga. Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman canje-canje shine rage girman Majalisar kanta, da canza abun da ke ciki zuwa daidaitattun adadin likitoci da membobin lay, maimakon yawancin su zama likitoci. Dokar da aka zartar a watan Disamba na shekara ta 2002 ta ba da izinin canje-canje a cikin abubuwan da ke cikin Majalisar daga shekara mai zuwa, tare da rage yawan mambobi daga 104 zuwa 35, yana ƙara yawan mambobi.[24]

A watan Yulin 2011, GMC ta karɓi ƙarin canje-canje waɗanda za su raba gabatarwar ta na shari'o'in motsa jiki daga shari'ar su, wanda zai zama alhakin sabon jiki, Hukumar Kula da Likitoci. A baya an soki GMC saboda hada wadannan matsayi biyu a cikin kungiya daya.[25]

Tun daga 2012, lasisin likitoci don yin aiki yana ƙarƙashin sabuntawa na lokaci-lokaci, kulawa da kulawa ta GMC. Kwararrun likitocin suna shiga cikin kimantawa na shekara-shekara kuma suna tattara tarin shaida, tunani da ci gaba da koyo, wanda ƙwararren likitan da ya dace ya tantance kuma ya gabatar da shi ga GMC don nuna ci gaba da dacewa da aiki.[26]

A ranar 16 ga watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2011, Sakataren Harkokin Lafiya, Andrew Lansley, ya yi Rubutun Ministoci a cikin sashin Shari'a mai taken 'Ma'aikatan Kiwon Lafiya, Ma'aikatan Jama'a da Ma'aikatan Kiwan Lafiya' inda ya ce: [27]

I have today laid before Parliament a Command Paper, "Enabling Excellence-Autonomy and Accountability for Healthcare Workers, Social Workers and Social Care Workers" (Cm 8008)[28] setting out the Government's proposals for how the system for regulating health care workers across the United Kingdom and social workers in England should be reformed.

A cikin Takardar umarni:

Should any regulators wish to propose mergers with other regulatory bodies to reduce costs as part of this work, the Government will view these proposals sympathetically. If the sector itself is unable to identify and secure significant cost reductions over the next three years, and contain registration fees, then the Government will revisit the issue of consolidating the sector into a more cost-effective configuration.

Sir Liam Donaldson, tsohon babban jami'in kiwon lafiya kwanan nan ya gaya wa binciken jama'a na Mid Staffordshire Foundation Trust cewa ya shiga cikin tattaunawa game da Nursing da Midwifery Council haɗuwa da Babban Kwamitin Kiwon Lafiya, amma masu goyon baya sun "dakatar" da ra'ayin kuma an kirkiro Majalisar Kula da Lafiya a maimakon haka don raba mafi kyawun aiki. Sir Liam ya ce CHRE ta kasance "mai nasara sosai" amma zai zama "ya cancanci kallon yiwuwar haɗuwa" tsakanin GMC da NMC.[29]

Rashin amincewa

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Gudanar da kai da kuma kula da korafe-korafe

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Damuwa ta samo asali ne daga binciken da yawa wanda ke nuna cewa yadda GMC ke kula da korafe-korafe ya bambanta dangane da tseren ko cancantar kasashen waje, amma an yi jayayya cewa wannan na iya zama saboda dalilai na kai tsaye. Koyaya hukunce-hukuncen da kotun Burtaniya ta yanke a ranar 18 ga Yuni 2021 a karo na farko ta sami GMC da laifin nuna bambancin launin fata a cikin hanyoyin horo.

Mutuwa da cututtuka tsakanin likitoci da ke wucewa ta hanyar GMC sun ja hankalin mutane. A cikin 2003/4 tsakanin 4 da 5% na likitocin da ke fuskantar lafiya don yin bincike sun mutu.[30] Dangane da buƙatar bayanai daidai da Dokar 'Yancin Bayanai ta 2000, GMC ta bayyana cewa likitoci 68 sun mutu kwanan nan yayin da suke fuskantar horo don yin bincike, [31]

A cikin wani rahoto na ciki, "Doctors Who Commit Suicide While Under GMC Fitness to Practise Investigation", GMC ta gano likitoci 114, tare da matsakaicin shekaru 45, waɗanda suka mutu a cikin shekaru tara da suka gabata, kuma suna da shari'ar GMC a lokacin mutuwar, kuma a cikin abin da 28 suka mutu da (24) ko ƙoƙarin (4) kashe kansu [32] kuma sun ba da shawarar horar da 'resilience na motsin rai' ga likitoci.[33]

A cikin gargadi game da "mafi yawan tsari" Dokta Clare Gerada, tsohon shugaban Royal College of General Practitioners, ya yi sharhi:

We already spend up to one billion pounds regulating doctors. We are one of the most over-regulated professions around and there will always be people who fall through. If we pile on more and more regulation, we will never win.[34]

Following the suicide of Professor John E Davies from Guy's Hospital, London, HM Senior Coroner for the area wrote to Niall Dickson with her Regulation 28: Report to Prevent Future Deaths:[35]

This is the second death of a doctor that has come before me over the last 2 years where a GMC investigation into the doctor's practice has been found to play a part.[36]

Masana kimiyya a Kwalejin King's London sun bincika tasirin karuwar nuna gaskiya a kan aikin likita kuma sun sami sakamako mai mahimmanci ba tare da niyya ba. Yayin da likitoci suka yi martani da damuwa ga ka'idoji da manyan labarai, sun yi aiki da kariya.[37][38]

Matsayi na sadaka

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An yi rajistar GMC a matsayin sadaka tare da Hukumar Taimako ta Ingila da Wales a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba 2001. [39] Kwamishinonin da suka yi la'akari da kotun da ikon Hukumar don yin la'akari le matsayin kungiyar, wanda kotuna suka yi laʼakari da shi a baya, a cikin batutuwan matsayin sadaka.

Ya zuwa shekara ta 2014, asusun da GMC ta gabatar ga Hukumar Taimako sun nuna kudin shiga na £ 97 miliyan, kashe £ 101M tare da ajiyar £ 68M. [40] 

Binciken jirgin ruwa

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Dame Janet Smith ta soki GMC sosai a matsayin wani ɓangare na bincikenta game da batutuwan da suka taso daga batun Dokta Harold Shipman. "Bincike," in ji Dame Janet, "ya maye gurbin ka'ida. " Dame Janet ta ci gaba da cewa GMC ta kasa magance shari'o'in Fitness to Practise (FTP), musamman ma wadanda suka shafi likitoci masu daraja da girmamawa.

Dangane da rahoton Shipman, Sir Liam Donaldson, babban jami'in kula da lafiya na lokacin, ya buga wani rahoto mai suna Good likitoci, marasa lafiya, wanda ya bayyana a cikin 2006. Donaldson ya nuna damuwa game da hanyoyin GMC FTP da sauran ayyuka na Majalisar. A nasa ra'ayin, an magance korafe-korafe a cikin tsangwama, GMC ya haifar da damuwa ga likitoci game da ƙananan korafe-korafe tare da jure rashin aiki a wasu lokuta. Ya zargi Majalisar da kasancewa "sirri, mai jure wa rashin daidaiton aiki da kuma mamaye sha'awar kwararru, maimakon na mara lafiya". Tsohon Shugaban Majalisar Likitoci ta Janar, Sir Donald Irvine, ya yi kira da a rusa majalisar da ke yanzu tare da sake kafa sabuwar mambobi..[41]

Penny Mellor

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

A cikin Yuli 2010 an soki GMC mai tsanani a cikin wata budaddiyar wasiƙa a cikin Jaridar Likita ta Burtaniya ta Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Yara don shawarar haɗa Penny Mellor a Ƙungiyar Ƙwararrun GMC akan Kariyar Yara. A cewar wasikar, Penny Mellor an yanke masa hukunci tare da daure shi a kan laifin hada baki don sace wani yaro, kuma ya jagoranci yakin neman zabe na tsawon lokaci ciki har da zarge-zargen karya a kan likitoci da sauran kwararrun da ke da hannu a harkar kare yara. Ta kuma yi kamfen a kan Sir Roy Meadow da Farfesa David Southall, wadanda GMC ta share daga rajistar likitoci amma daga baya aka sake dawo da su bayan hukuncin kotu. Daga baya Penny Mellor ta yi murabus daga Kungiyar Kwararru.

A watan Maris na shekara ta 2012, Babban Kotun Ingila da Wales ta soke shawarar da GMC ta yanke a shekarar 2010 don ya kori likitan gastroenterologist na yara John Walker-Smith daga rajistar likita saboda mummunar halayyar sana'a.[42] A cikin hukunce-hukuncensa, babban alƙalin ya soki abin da ya ce shine "rashin isasshen tunani da kuma, a lokuta da yawa, kuskuren ƙarshe," kuma ya ce, "Zai zama masifa idan wannan ya sake faruwa".[43]

Yarjejeniyar likitoci

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Rikici ya tashi a watan Yulin 2016 lokacin da Babban Kwamitin Kiwon Lafiya ya sanar da cewa zai nada Charlie Massey a matsayin sabon Shugaba.Jeremy Hunt's aides"},"url":{"wt":"http://metro.co.uk/2016/07/16/doctors-embroiled-in-another-dispute-over-one-of-jeremy-hunts-aides-6010582/&quot;},&quot;website&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;Metro&quot;},&quot;access-date&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;8 December 2016"},"date":{"wt":"16 July 2016"},"url-status":{"wt":"live"},"archive-url":{"wt":"https://web.archive.org/web/20160925013633/http://metro.co.uk/2016/07/16/doctors-embroiled-in-another-dispute-over-one-of-jeremy-hunts-aides-6010582/&quot;},&quot;archive-date&quot;:{&quot;wt&quot;:&quot;25 September 2016"}},"i":0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwBO0\"> </span><cite about=\"#mwt226\" class=\"citation web cs1\" id=\"CITEREFNagesh2016\" data-ve-ignore=\"\">Nagesh, Ashitha (16 July 2016). </cite>"}}" id="cite_ref-69" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./General_Medical_Council#cite_note-69 [1]] Massey ya kasance mai ba da shawara ga sakataren kiwon lafiya Jeremy Hunt a kan kwangilar likitocin Junior mai rikitarwa, wanda ya haifar da kwanaki da yawa na aikin masana'antu ta likitoci game da damuwa game da yiwuwar da lafiyar haƙuri.[44] Likitoci da yawa sun ji cewa wannan ya nuna rikice-rikice na sha'awa kuma sun sanya hannu kan takarda ga majalisar likitoci don nuna gaskiya a cikin tsarin nadin sa. Kwamitin kiwon lafiya ya ba da amsa yana mai da'awar cewa har yanzu suna da ƙungiya mai zaman kanta.[45] Massey ya kuma kasa nuna kansa a gaban Kwamitin Asusun Jama'a na Majalisar.

Majalisar ta kunshi kwararru shida na kiwon lafiya da mambobi shida. Dukkanin mambobi ne Majalisar Privy ta nada su.[46] Shugaban yanzu shine Dame Carrie MacEwen wanda ya yi aiki tun watan Mayu 2022.[47] Shugaban zartarwa da mai rajista na yanzu shine Charlie Massey . [48]

Christine Murrell ita ce mace ta farko da aka zaba a GMC a 1933, duk da haka ta mutu kafin ta iya zama. A cikin 1950, Hilda Lloyd ta zama mace ta farko a cikin Majalisar.[49][50] A cikin 2019, Clare Marx ta zama mace ta farko a Majalisar.[51]

Sauran masu kula da kiwon lafiya

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Hukumar Kula da Ka'idojin Kwararru don Lafiya da Kula da Jama'a (PSA), kungiya ce mai zaman kanta da ke da alhakin Majalisar Dokokin Burtaniya, tare da aikin inganta kiwon lafiya da jin daɗin marasa lafiya da jama'a a cikin tsarin masu sana'a na kiwon lafiya. Amma PSA ba ta da ikon shari'a don bincika korafe-korafe game da masu tsarawa. Yana ba da shawara ga sassan kiwon lafiya na gwamnatin Burtaniya guda huɗu kan batutuwan da suka shafi ka'idojin masu kiwon lafiya; bincikawa da kula da aikin hukumomin kula da lafiya guda tara:

  1. ↑ Finch, Ernest (November 1958). "The centenary of the General Council of Medical Education and Registration of the United Kingdom (The General Medical Council) 1858-1958 in relation to medical education". Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England. 23 (5): 321–331. PMC 2413715. PMID 13595529.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "About us: Legislation: Medical Act 1983". General Medical Council. Archived from the original on 21 December 2014. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  3. ↑ "The Postgraduate Medical Education and Training Order of Council 2010". Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  4. ↑ "Statutory Instruments 2012 No. 2685. Health Care and Associated Professions. Doctors. The General Medical Council (Licence to Practise and Revalidation) Regulations Order of Council 2012". National Archives. Archived from the original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
  5. ↑ MR JUSTICE BURNETT. "British Medical Association, R (on the application of) v General Medical Council [2008] EWHC 2602 (Admin) (3 October 2008)". bailii.org. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  6. ↑ "The Medical Act 1983 (Amendment) Order 2002" (PDF). legislation.gov.uk. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 May 2018. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  7. ↑ "Registration and licensing: Fees". General Medical Council. Archived from the original on 15 July 2015. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
  8. ↑ Cave, Emma; Brazier, Margaret (2007). Medicine, patients and the law. New York: Penguin Books. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-14-103020-3.
  9. ↑ "The privileges and duties of doctors: UK statutes". General Medical Council. Archived from the original on 23 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  10. ↑ "Doctors who hold provisional registration and want to apply for full registration". General Medical Council. Archived from the original on 20 October 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  11. ↑ "Applying for registration as an International Medical Graduate". General Medical Council. Archived from the original on 5 November 2017. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  12. ↑ "Managing the UK medical register". Archived from the original on 16 March 2024. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
  13. ↑ "Ethical guidance". gmc-uk.org. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  14. ↑ "Education and training". General Medical Council. Archived from the original on 5 February 2018. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
  15. ↑ "News: PMETB merger goes ahead". General Medical Council. 31 March 2010. Archived from the original on 21 December 2014. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  16. ↑ "Raise a concern about a doctor". gmc-uk.org. Archived from the original on 20 October 2017. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  17. ↑ "Home". www.gmc-uk.org. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  18. ↑ "Matt Prior: green light means go... doesn't it?". Autocar (in Turanci). Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  19. ↑ Darren.Polley (12 August 2016). "Car Modifications". Suffolk Constabulary (in Turanci). Archived from the original on 7 March 2021. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  20. ↑ Mallinson, Tom (6 October 2020). "Does driving using a Green Beacon reduce emergency response times in a rural setting?". Rural and Remote Health (in Turanci). 20 (4): 6114. doi:10.22605/RRH6114. PMID 33019797. S2CID 222160654.
  21. ↑ "Road Accidents (RTA) - Attending as a Passing Doctor". patient.info (in Turanci). 20 April 2011. Retrieved 14 March 2021.
  22. ↑ "Health Committee publishes reports on healthcare regulators". United Kingdom Parliament. 26 April 2011. Archived from the original on 15 July 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2014.
  23. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 October 2011. Retrieved 27 October 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  24. ↑ Dyer, Clare (10 May 2003). "New slimmed down GMC takes shape". BMJ. 326 (7397): 1002. doi:10.1136/bmj.326.7397.1002/a. PMC 1169350.
  25. ↑ "GMC to retain adjudication on fitness to practise - Hospital Dr". hospitaldr.co.uk. 9 December 2010. Archived from the original on 24 September 2017. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  26. ↑ "Revalidation for doctors". The British Medical Association is the trade union and professional body for doctors in the UK. (in Turanci). Retrieved 2 July 2025.
  27. ↑ "Health Care Workers, Social Workers and Social Care Workers: 16 Feb 2011: Hansard Written Answers - TheyWorkForYou". TheyWorkForYou. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  28. ↑ "Enabling Excellence Autonomy and Accountability for Healthcare Workers, Social Workers and Social Care Workers" (PDF). dh.gov.uk. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 October 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  29. ↑ "Nurses see patients as 'diseased objects'". nursingtimes.net. 23 September 2011. Archived from the original on 14 March 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  30. ↑ "Home - GMC" (PDF). gmc-uk.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  31. ↑ "Deaths during GMC investigation - 4 February 2011". whatdotheyknow.com. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  32. ↑ "GMC to introduce 'emotional resilience' training after finding 28 doctors under investigation committed suicide". pulsetoday.co.uk. 19 December 2014. Archived from the original on 15 November 2017. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  33. ↑ "Suicides by doctors under investigation by GMC - a Freedom of Information request to General Medical Council". whatdotheyknow.com. 13 August 2016. Archived from the original on 10 May 2017. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  34. ↑ "Gerada warning on 'over-regulation' after documentary secretly films GP consultations". Pulse. 4 October 2011. Archived from the original on 15 November 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2014.
  35. ↑ "Reports to Prevent Future Deaths". www.judiciary.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 9 March 2018. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  36. ↑ "Date of report: 13 February 2014 Ref: 2014-0063 Deceased name: John Davies Coroners name: Dr Fiona Wilcox Coroners Area: London Inner (West) Category: Other related deaths" (PDF). judiciary.gov.uk. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
  37. ↑ McGivern, Gerry; Fischer, Michael D. (2010). "Medical regulation, spectacular transparency and the blame business". Journal of Health Organization and Management. 24 (6): 597–610. doi:10.1108/14777261011088683. PMID 21155435.
  38. ↑ McGivern, Gerry; Fischer, Michael Daniel (1 February 2012). "Reactivity and reactions to regulatory transparency in medicine, psychotherapy and counselling" (PDF). Social Science & Medicine. 74 (3): 289–296. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.09.035. PMID 22104085.
  39. ↑ "Application for registration as a charity by the General Medical Council - 2 April 2001" (PDF). Charity Commission. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 February 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
  40. ↑ "Our Annual Report 2014" (PDF). General Medical Council. p. 63. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
  41. ↑ Irvine, Donald (September 2006). "Good doctors: safer patients—the Chief Medical Officer's prescription for regulating doctors". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 99 (9): 430–432. doi:10.1177/014107680609900902. PMC 1557883. PMID 16946375.
  42. ↑ Press Association (7 March 2012). "MMR row: high court rules doctor should not have been struck off". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 17 November 2015. Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  43. ↑ John Aston (7 March 2012). "MMR doctor John Walker-Smith wins High Court appeal". The Independent. Archived from the original on 21 October 2015. Retrieved 3 November 2015.
  44. ↑ Campbell, Denis (22 August 2016). "Secret documents reveal official concerns over 'seven-day NHS' plans". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 28 October 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  45. ↑ Stephenson, Terence (19 September 2016). "Response to petition regarding GMC appointments and impartiality". www.gmc-uk.org. General Medical Council UK. Archived from the original on 3 January 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  46. ↑ "Council members". General Medical Council. Archived from the original on 7 February 2018. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
  47. ↑ "New Chair for the General Medical Council". General Medical Council. 9 May 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  48. ↑ Anonymous. "Charlie Massey – Chief Executive and Registrar". www.gmc-uk.org. General Medical Council UK. Archived from the original on 11 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  49. ↑ "Our History". General Medical Council. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  50. ↑ Scott, Jean M (March 1988). "Women and the GMC: The Struggle for Representation". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 81 (3): 164–166. doi:10.1177/014107688808100315. ISSN 0141-0768. PMC 1291513. PMID 3282068.
  51. ↑ "New Chair of the General Medical Council". Retrieved 31 May 2024.
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