Bakwa Turunku
Bakwa Turunku (fl. 1500s) shi ne sarkin Zazzau na ashirin da biyu . Babu tabbas game da rayuwar Bakwa, kuma al'adu sun bambanta dangane da asalinsu da jinsi. Wasu bayanai sun bayyana Bakwa a matsayin diyar Sarkin Zazzau Nohir, yayin da wasu ke cewa bakuwa ce da ta hau mulki a Turunku . An bayyana shi a matsayin mai mulki "wanda babban abin da ya fi so shi ne farin ciki," an lura da mulkin Bakwa saboda zaman lafiya. Ita ce ta kafa birnin Zariya, wanda ta sanya wa diyarta suna. Babbar ‘yar Bakwa ita ce Amina, wacce daga baya ta zama babbar jarumar masarautar. [1] [2] Bakwa ya kasance ana girmama shi sosai. Gidan sarakunan Zazzau har yanzu ana kiransa da gidan Bakwa (gidan Bakwa), kuma ana kallon inda aka binne ta a matsayin wurin aikin hajji. [3] [4]
Rayuwa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Yawancin bayanai kan rayuwar Bakwa Turunku ba su da tabbas, musamman dangane da jinsinsu. Masanin tarihi Sa'ad Abubakar ya yi imanin cewa Bakwa mace ce, wadda watakila ta yi sarauta a matsayin sarauniya ( sarauniya) ta farko a Zazzau . A bisa al'adar gida, sunan "Bakwa Turunku" na iya nufin "bakuwar mace ta mutanen Toronke" (daga Toro a Tekrur ). [1] [2] Wani kuma ya ce ita diyar Nohir ce, sarkin Zazzau na ashirin. [3]
Kafin karni na 16, al'ummar Zazzau sun kasance a yankuna daban-daban, inda a karshe garuruwan Kufena da Turunku suka mamaye yankin. Ba a bayyana ko wanne daga cikin su ya zama babban birnin kasar Zazzau ba. A cewar sarakuna daban-daban, shigowar Bakwa ita ce ta farko da ta nuna babban jari, wanda aka lasafta shi da "Bakwan Turunku". Abdullahi Smith ya ce, sarautar Bakwa ta mamaye daular Kufena da ta kasance a da. [1] Sa'ad Abubakar ya fadada akan haka, yana mai nuni da cewa kafin hawanta Bakwa wani jami'in sarakunan Kufena ne "mai rike da sarautar Sarauniya tare da Turunku a matsayin 'yar uwarta." [1] A wata al’adar kuma, garuruwan biyu sun yi aiki ba tare da ’yancin kai ba har Bakwa, mai mulkin Turunku, ya karbe mulki a Kufena. [2]
A wajajen shekara ta 1535 Sarkin Zazzau Nohir ya rasu, kuma dan uwansa Kawanissa ya gaje shi, wanda ya yi mulki na tsawon shekara guda kafin rasuwarsa. Bayan an gama, Bakwa ya zama sarki, ko dai ta hanyar zabe ko kuma ta hanyar kwace ofis. Kamar yadda al'adar Zazzau ta ke, babbar 'yar Bakwa Amina ta sami mukamin Magajiya [3] tana da shekara sha shida kuma an ba ta bayi arba'in. Saboda karancin ruwan sha a garin Turunku, Bakwa ya kafa sabon babban birnin Zariya, mai suna 'yarta ta biyu. [1] [4] [3]
Tsawon karni na 16, tun daga lokacin mulkin Bakwa, Zazzau ta samu sauye-sauye masu yawa, ta yadda za ta kara karfinta fiye da kogin Kaduna har zuwa kwarin Gurara na sama. Baya ga gazawar mamaye kudu da Kwararafa ya yi, mulkin Bakwa ya kasance cikin lumana. [4] [3] Al'ada ta ce " gizo-gizo ya rufe gizagizai yayin da takuba da kibau suka yi tsatsa saboda dogon rashin amfani." [3] An ce Bakwa ya gina wani katafaren daki mai suna Kigo a cikin fada, inda a kullum ake tara mata don yin rawan gada, tare da ’yan wasan kalangu (ganguna masu magana). [3]
Babu tabbas tsawon mulkin Bakwa. Littafin tarihin Daura Makas Sariki (wanda EJ Arnett ya tattara a 1910) ya bayyana cewa ta yi sarauta na tsawon shekaru talatin, yayin da jerin sunayen sarakuna da aka buga a Gazetteer of Zaria Province (1920) ya ba da sarautar Bakwa a matsayin shekaru uku kacal (1536-1539). Sa’ad Abubakar ya ba da shawarar Bakwa, bayan ya yi mulki na tsawon shekaru talatin, ya rasu a wajen shekara ta 1566.
Har yanzu ana kiran fadar sarakunan Zazzau da gidan Bakwa (Gidan Bakwa). [5] [6] Wurin binne Bakwa ya kasance abin aikin hajji. [1]
manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- 1 2 3 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:0 - ↑ Fuglestad, Finn (1978). "A Reconsideration of Hausa History before the Jihad". The Journal of African History. 19 (3): 319–339. ISSN 0021-8537.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cite error: Invalid
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<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named:1 - ↑ Ahmed, Abdus Salam Ibrahim. "Amsoshin tambayoyinku kan Masarautar Zazzau". BBC News Hausa. Retrieved 2025-09-11.
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