Bambancin muhalli
Homogeneity da heterogeneity sune ra'ayoyin da suka shafi daidaito na abu, tsari ko hoto. Wani fasalin iri ɗaya ne a cikin abun da ke ciki ko hali (watau, launi, siffar, girman, nauyi, tsawo, rarraba, rubutu, harshe, samun kudin shiga, cuta, zafin , rediyo, ƙirar gine-gine, da dai sauransu); wanda yake da bambancin ba daidai abu ne a akalla ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan halaye.[1][2]
Magana da rubutun kalmomi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Kalmomin homogeneous da heterogeneous sun fito ne daga Latin na zamani homogeneus da heterogeneus, daga Tsohon Girkanci ὁμογενής (homogenēs) da Tian Leslieγενής (heterogenēs), daga ὁμός (homos, "kamar") da ːτερος (heteros, "wani, wani, daban") bi da bi, bi da γένος (genos, "nau'i"); -ous adjectival suffix ne.
Sauran rubutun da suka watsar da -e- na ƙarshe (da kuma furcin da ke tattare da shi) sun zama ruwan dare, amma sun yi kuskure: homogenous shine tsananin kalmar halitta / pathological wanda aka maye gurbinsa da homologous. Amma amfani da homogenous don ma'anar homogeneous ya ga karuwa tun daga shekara ta 2000, ya isa yanzu a dauke shi "wani bambancin da aka kafa". Hakazalika, heterogenous shine rubutun da aka tanada ga ilmin halitta da cututtuka, yana nufin dukiyar wani abu a cikin jiki wanda ya samo asali a waje da jiki.
Ka'idodin iri ɗaya ne ga kowane matakin rikitarwa. Daga atoms zuwa galaxies, shuke-shuke, Dabbobi, mutane, da sauran halittu masu rai duk suna da nau'ikan rikitarwa na yau da kullun ko na musamman. Saboda haka, wani abu na iya zama iri ɗaya a kan sikelin da ya fi girma, idan aka kwatanta da kasancewa daban-daban a kan karamin sikelin. Wannan an san shi da matsakaicin matsakaici.
Hanyar horo daban-daban sun fahimci bambancin, ko kasancewa bambancin, a hanyoyi daban-daban.[2]
Bambancin muhalli
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bambance-bambancen mahalli wani nau'i ne na mahalli daban-daban da ke ba da gudummawa ga bambancin nau'in nau'in, kamar yanayi, yanayin yanayi, da murfin ƙasa. Halin halittu yana da alaƙa da bambancin yanayin ƙasa akan sikelin duniya. Bambance-bambance a cikin siffofi na geodiversity da sauye-sauyen yanayi sune alamomi na bambancin muhalli. Suna fitar da bambancin halittu a ma'aunin gida da yanki.
Littattafan kimiyya a cikin ilimin muhalli sun ƙunshi adadi mai yawa na kalmomi daban-daban don bambancin muhalli, sau da yawa ba a bayyana su ba ko kuma sun sabawa ma'anar su.[3] da suna da alaƙa da bambancin muhalli.[3]Habitat diversityhabitat heterogeneity
Sanyen sunadarai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Haɗuwa iri ɗaya da iri ɗaya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin ilmin sunadarai, cakuda daban-daban ya ƙunshi ko dai ko duka biyu na 1) jihohi masu yawa na kwayoyin halitta ko 2) abubuwa masu hydrophilic da hydrophobic a cikin cakuda ɗaya; misali na ƙarshe zai zama cakuda ruwa, octane, da Mai na silicone. Za'a iya yin abubuwa masu ƙarfi, ruwa, da iskar gas ta hanyar narkewa, motsawa, ko ta hanyar ba da lokaci don watsawa don rarraba kwayoyin daidai. Misali, ƙara dye zuwa ruwa zai haifar da mafita daban-daban da farko, amma zai zama iri ɗaya a tsawon lokaci. Entropy yana ba da damar abubuwa daban-daban su zama iri ɗaya a tsawon lokaci.[4]
mahaɗin bambance-bambance shine cakuda mahadi biyu ko fiye. Misalan sune: cakuda yashi da ruwa ko yashi da ƙarfe, dutse mai yawa, ruwa da mai, salatin, cakuda hanya, da kankare (ba siminti ba). [5] Za'a iya ƙaddara cakuda ya zama daidai lokacin da aka daidaita komai kuma daidai, kuma ruwa, gas, abu yana da launi ɗaya ko iri ɗaya. An gabatar da samfuran daban-daban don tsara maida hankali a matakai daban-daban. Abubuwan da za a yi la'akari da su sune yawan taro da martani.
Ilimin Harshe
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin ma'anar ma'ana, homogeneity shine abin da ke nuna "duk" lokacin da aka tabbatar amma "babu" lokacin da ake musantawa. Misali, jumlar Ingilishi "Robin ya karanta littattafan" tana nufin cewa Robin ya karanta dukkan littattafan, yayin da "Robin bai karanta littattafan ba" yana nufin cewa ba ta karanta ko ɗaya daga cikinsu. Ba za a iya tabbatar da jumla ba idan Robin ya karanta daidai rabin littattafan. Wannan matsala ce saboda jumla mara kyau ba ta bayyana a matsayin ƙin yarda da jumla ba. An gabatar da bayani iri-iri ciki har da cewa harshe na halitta yana aiki a kan ma'anar trivalent.[6]
Fasahar bayanai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Tare da fasahar bayanai, ƙididdiga daban-daban na faruwa a cikin hanyar sadarwa da ta ƙunshi nau'ikan kwamfutoci daban-daban, mai yuwuwa tare da bambance-bambancen girman ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, sarrafa iko har ma da mahimman gine-gine..
Lissafi da kididdiga
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin algebra, homogeneous polynomials suna da adadin abubuwa iri ɗaya na wani nau'i.
A cikin nazaR dangantakaR binaR, dangantaka mai kama da juna R tana kan saiti ɗaY (R ː X × Y">Y">X">X) yayin da dangantaka mai banbanci ta shafi yiwuwar saiti daban-daban (R ̊ X × Y, X = Y ko X ≠ Y).
A cikin ƙididdigar ƙididdiga, Nazarin bambancin shine lokacin da nazarin da yawa akan sakamako ke auna tasirin daban-daban saboda bambance-bambance a cikin yawan batun, shiga tsakani, zaɓin bincike, ƙirar gwaji, da dai sauransu; wannan na iya haifar da matsaloli a ƙoƙarin taƙaita ma'anar karatun.
Magunguna
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin magani da kwayoyin halitta, yanayin kwayar halitta ko nau'ikan nau'ikan kwayoyin halitta shine wanda za'a iya haifar da wannan cuta ko yanayin, ko kuma ya ba da gudummawa, ta hanyar dalilai da yawa, ko a cikin kwayar halitta, ta hanyar bambance-bambance ko nau'o'i daban-daban.
A cikin Binciken ciwon daji, ana zaton bambancin kwayar cutar kansa yana daya daga cikin dalilan da ke sa maganin ciwon daji ya zama da wahala.[7]
Ilimin lissafi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin kimiyyar lissafi, ana fahimtar "matsayi" yana nufin "kasancewa da kaddarorin jiki waɗanda suka bambanta a cikin matsakaici".
Ilimin zamantakewa
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin ilimin zamantakewa, "matsayi daban-daban" na iya nufin al'umma ko rukuni wanda ya haɗa da mutane na kabilanci daban-daban, al'adun al'adu, jinsi, ko shekaru. Diverse shine ma'anar da aka fi sani a cikin mahallin.[8]
Muhalli
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]A cikin ilimin muhalli na wuri, bambancin yana nufin abubuwa daban-daban na tsarin. Tsarin daban-daban yana tallafawa mafi girman bambancin halittu kuma yana da manufa ga ƙoƙarin sabunta shimfidar wuri da yawa. [9]
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Cikakken sararin samaniya
- Halitta
- Yaduwar cututtuka
- Binciken sararin samaniya
- Gwajin ƙididdigar ƙididdiga
- Tsarin tsari guda ɗaya
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ "Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913 + 1828)". Heterogeneity. The ARTFL Project, University of Chicago. September 2010. Archived from the original (Part of this paragraph is public domain material copyright 1828 and 1913) on 2011-07-28. Retrieved 2010-09-10.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1
"Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913 + 1828)". Heterogeneous. The ARTFL Project, University of Chicago. September 2010. Archived from the original (Part of this paragraph is public domain material copyright 1828 and 1913) on 2011-07-28. Retrieved 2010-09-10. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Heterogeneous" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 3.0 3.1 Stein, Anke; Kreft, Holger (August 2015). "Terminology and quantification of environmental heterogeneity in species-richness research". Biological Reviews (in Turanci). 90 (3): 815–836. doi:10.1111/brv.12135. ISSN 1464-7931. PMID 25099766. S2CID 593580.
- ↑ "Lessons". cecs.wright.edu. Retrieved 2024-03-09.
- ↑ Empty citation (help)
- ↑ Križ, Manuel (2019). "Homogeneity effects in natural language semantics". Language and Linguistics Compass. 13 (11): e12350. doi:10.1111/lnc3.12350. PMC 7363159. PMID 32699550.
- ↑ Bhatia, Sangeeta; John V Frangioni; Robert M Hoffman; A John Iafrate; Kornelia Polyak (10 July 2012). "The challenges posed by cancer heterogeneity". Nature Biotechnology. 30 (7): 604–610. doi:10.1038/nbt.2294. PMID 22781679. S2CID 15083285.
- ↑ Dictionary of Sociology. Routledge; 12 November 2012. ISBN 978-1-136-59845-6.
- ↑ Cardoso, Fernanda C. G.; Capellesso, Elivane S.; de Britez, Ricardo Miranda; Inague, Gabriel; Marques, Marcia C. M. (September 2022). "Landscape conservation as a strategy for recovering biodiversity: Lessons from a long-term program of pasture restoration in the southern Atlantic Forest". Journal of Applied Ecology (in Turanci). 59 (9): 2309–2321. Bibcode:2022JApEc..59.2309C. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.14240. ISSN 0021-8901.