Baru Bian

Baru Bian
Member of the Dewan Rakyat (en) District: Selangau (en)
Rayuwa
Haihuwa	Lawas (en) , 9 Satumba 1958 (67 shekaru)
ƙasa	Maleziya
Karatu
Makaranta	University of Melbourne (en)
Sana'a
Sana'a	ɗan siyasa da lauya
Imani
Jam'iyar siyasa	People's Justice Party (en)

Baru Bian (an haife shi a ranar 9 ga Satumba 1958) ɗan siyasa ne kuma lauya ɗan ƙasar Malaysia wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar Dokokin Jihar Sarawak (MLA) a Ba'kelalan tun daga watan Afrilun 2011. Ya yi aiki a matsayin Ministan Ayyuka a gwamnatin Pakatan Harapan (PH) a ƙarƙashin tsohon Firayim Minista Mahathir Mohamad daga Yulin 2018 zuwa rugujewar gwamnatin PH a watan Fabrairun 2020 da kuma ɗan Majalisar Dokoki (MP) na Selangau daga Mayun 2018 zuwa Nuwamba 2022. Shi memba ne na Jam'iyyar Progressive Democratic Party (PDP), wani ɓangare na ƙungiyar Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS) kuma memba ne na Jam'iyyar Parti Sarawak Bersatu (PSB), Jam'iyyar Adalci ta Jama'a (PKR), wani ɓangare na jam'iyyar PH da kuma tsohuwar ƙungiyar Pakatan Rakyat (PR). Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Mataimakin Shugaban Jam'iyyar PDP tun daga watan Afrilun 2024. Ya kuma yi aiki a matsayin Shugaban Jam'iyyar PKR ta Sarawak daga Disamban 2009 har zuwa lokacin da ya yi murabus daga jam'iyyar a watan Fabrairun 2020. Ya zama ministan tarayya na farko na kabilar Lun Bawang a tarihin Malaysia .

Rayuwar farko da ilimi

An haifi Baru Bian a cikin dangin Lun Bawang da ke cikin talauci a ranar 9 ga Satumba, 1958, ga Bian Labo (uba) da Takong Taie (uwa) a Long Lopeng, Sarawak . Asalin Baru Bian za a iya samo shi ne daga yankin Berunut, kusa da kogin Adang, inda na ƙarshe shine mahadar Kogin Limbang . Duk mutanen Lun Bawang na gaske ya kamata su iya gano asalinsu daga kakanni ɗaya tilo mai suna Terur Aco. Baru Bian da 'yan uwansa shida su ne tsara ta ashirin tun daga farkon Lun Bawang. Shi ne ɗa na uku kuma babban ɗa a cikin iyalin. Iyayen Baru duka fastoci ne. Mahaifin Baru, Bian Labo, an horar da shi a makarantar bible ta Lawas wadda ke ƙarƙashin cocin Sidang Injil Borneo (SIB). Iyalan Baru sun ƙaura daga ƙauye ɗaya zuwa wani saboda mahaifinsa yana aiki a ƙauyuka daban-daban kowace shekara. An rene Baru a cikin iyalin Kirista tun yana ƙarami, mahaifinsa ya koya masa tarbiyya da yin abubuwan da suka dace.

Lokacin da yake da shekaru bakwai ko takwas, ya bi mahaifinsa zuwa cikin daji don koyon farauta da kamun kifi. Yayin da yake girma, zai koyi dabarun tsira daga daji, yanayin ƙasa da iyakokin ƙasashen kakanninsa, sannan ya haddace tsararraki ashirin na sunayen kakanninsa. Ya halarci Firamare 1 zuwa 2 a Long Lellang (1966 zuwa 1967), Firamare 3 zuwa 4 a Long Semado (1968-1969), kuma ya ci jarrabawar shiga makarantar gama gari a Long Napir (1970 zuwa 1971). Bayan haka, ya halarci makarantar sakandare ta Limbang har zuwa aji na 5. A wani lokaci, zai buƙaci ya sanya rigar makaranta da aka gyara wadda 'yar uwarta ta bari don makarantar sakandare. Yana buƙatar yin yawo a cikin daji na tsawon kwana uku kafin ya isa Lawas da kuma wata tafiyar kwana ɗaya don isa Limbang . Abubuwan da ya fuskanta a lokacin tafiye-tafiye a cikin dazuzzuka da kogunan duwatsu sun sa ya fahimci darajar haƙƙin gargajiya na asali (NCR) don pemakai menoa (yankin ƙasa) da pulau galau (ajiyar gandun daji ta al'umma) da kuma kare muhalli. A lokacin hutun makaranta na ƙarshen shekara a 1980, Baru Bian ya yi hira da mahaifinsa da kawunsa Lasong Labo game da tarihin ƙasar NCR ta iyalinsu. Ya zana iyakokin ƙasar NCR ɗinsu kuma shugaban ƙauyen ya sanya hannu. Daga baya taswirar ta zama da amfani wajen yaƙi da kamfanonin sare bishiyoyi shida da suka mamaye filayensu a Berunut daga 1986 zuwa 1990s.

Ya halarci Kolej Tun Datu Tuanku Haji Bujang don aji na 6 a Tanjong Lobang, Miri, Sarawak. Ya sami sakamako mai kyau a jarrabawar GCE Ordinary Level . Bayan kammala karatunsa na sakandare, ya yi aiki a matsayin malami na wucin gadi a SMK Medamit, Limbang daga 1979 zuwa 1981. Ya koyar da ilimin ƙasa, Tarihi, Ilimin Jiki da Kimiyyar Gabaɗaya a can. Sha'awarsa ga haƙƙin mallakar filaye ta sa ya ci gaba da karatunsa na gaba a Institut Tecnology Mara (ITM), wanda yanzu Jami'ar Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Selangor a fannin Difloma a fannin Shari'a (DIL). Kawunsa, Libat Langub, wanda tsohon ɗalibi ne a ITM, ya ƙarfafa shi ya yi karatun shari'a a can. Ya tafi Melbourne don ci gaba da karatunsa a fannin Shari'a a 1985. Ya nemi tallafin karatu daga ITM amma aka hana shi. Saboda haka, ya yanke shawarar ɗaukar bashin karatu maimakon haka. Daga baya ya sami digirin farko na shari'a (LL.B) daga Jami'ar Melbourne, Ostiraliya a 1986. Bayan kammala karatunsa a Ostiraliya, Baru ya yanke shawarar komawa Malaysia don yi wa mabukata hidima maimakon neman izinin zama na dindindin a Ostiraliya.

Ƙungiyoyin fafutuka da aikin shari'a

Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya zama mai horo a wani kamfanin lauyoyi mai suna Rashid & Lee a Kuala Lumpur na tsawon watanni shida kafin kamfanin lauyoyi ya daina biyan alawus saboda matsalolin kuɗi. Daga nan ya ci gaba da horonsa a Eddy Chung & Co kuma ya yi aiki a can har sai da ya koma Kuching a 1988. Daga baya aka shigar da Baru a Lauyan Malayan a matsayin lauya da lauya . A shekarar 1990, Baru ya zama abokin tarayya a kamfanin Messrs Anthony Ting, Baru Bian & Co. da ke Kuching, Sarawak. Baru ya koyar da kansa game da dokar haƙƙin al'ada ta asali (NCR) ta hanyar Sahabat Alam Malaysia (SAM), wata ƙungiya mai zaman kanta da Harrison Ngau Laing, wani mai kare muhalli ke jagoranta. Daga baya Baru ya zama mai ba da shawara kan shari'a ga SAM. A wannan shekarar, ya wakilci SAM a Yokohama, Japan don yin zanga-zanga kan Ƙungiyar Katako ta Duniya (ITTO) saboda rashin haɗa batutuwan haƙƙin al'ada ta asali a cikin rahotonsu. A wannan lokacin ne kuma Baru Bian ya haɗu da mai fafutukar Switzerland, Bruno Manser . Daga baya Bruno zai taimaka wa Baru wajen tara RM 30,000 daga magoya bayan ƙasashen waje don tallafawa ƙoƙarin zaɓen Baru na 1991. Duk da haka, jami'an ofishin jakadancin Malaysia daga baya suka ɗauki hoton Baru Bian da Bruno Manser a Yokohama kuma suka yi amfani da hoton don nuna Baru a matsayin mai cin amanar muradun Malaysia a zaɓen 1991.

Baru ya shigar da ƙararsa ta farko a NCR a shekarar 1991 a madadin danginsa na nesa waɗanda kamfanonin sare bishiyoyi suka yi wa filayen kakanninsu kutse a Berunut. Duk da haka, shari'ar tana nan a kotu bayan shekaru biyu. Saboda haka, Baru da iyalansa sun shiga cikin shingen katako wanda ya sa Samling, wani kamfanin sare bishiyoyi ya biya su diyya ta RM 100,000. A matsayin wani ɓangare na yarjejeniyar, Baru ya janye ƙarar kotu. Ya kafa Messrs Baru Bian Advocates and Solicitors a Kuching a shekarar 1992. Daga baya Baru ya sami abokin hulɗa na shari'a mai suna See Chee How. See ɗan fafutukar kare haƙƙin ɗan adam ne kuma lauya daga Kuching. Tare, sun shiga cikin shari'o'in haƙƙin mallakar filaye da yawa na asali. Baru ya kuma ɗauki shari'o'in da suka shafi kama mutane ba bisa ƙa'ida ba ko kuma a tsare shi ba tare da an tsare shi ba. A shekarar 2001, Baru Bian ya lashe ƙarar Rumah Nor Nyawai a Babbar Kotun Sarawak. Wannan shi ne karo na farko a tarihin kotunan Malaysia da aka tabbatar da haƙƙin NCR. A shekarar 2007, Kotun Tarayya ta Malaysia ta amince da hukuncin da aka yanke kan shari'ar Rumah Nor Nyawai cewa an haɗa pemakai menua da pulau galau, ban da temuda (filayen da aka noma kafin 1 ga Janairu 1958) a cikin ma'anar ƙasar NCR. A watan Maris na 2011, Baru ya jagoranci ƙungiyar kare haƙƙin jama'a wacce ta ƙunshi Lauyoyin Haƙƙin Bil'adama See Chee How & Desmond Kho, wanda ya haifar da wanke Numpang Suntai wanda aka zarge shi da ƙona kayayyaki goma na injuna a sansanin sare bishiyoyi a Sebangan, Gundumar Simunjan saboda ya mamaye ƙasar kakanninsa. Zuwa shekarar 2013, kamfanin lauyoyi na Baru Bian ya gudanar da shari'o'in haƙƙin mallakar filaye sama da 200 a kotu.

Ƙarfin imanin Baru game da 'yancin addini da Kundin Tsarin Mulkin Malaysia ya tabbatar ya sa ya shigar da ƙara ga waɗanda ke son barin addinin Musulunci. Wakilansa a shari'o'in ridda sun jawo suka daga Jam'iyyar Musulunci ta Pan-Malaysia (PAS), suna zarginsa da raini ga addinin Musulunci. Ya kuma yi fafutuka game da haƙƙin Kiristocin Sabah da Sarawak na ci gaba da amfani da kalmar Allah a cikin ayyukan addinin Kirista na tsawon tsararraki.

Baru ya kasance sanannen mai fafutuka kuma lauya wanda ya yi aiki da filaye da dama na kakanninsa da kuma shari'o'in haƙƙin gargajiya na asali kuma yana da goyon baya mai ƙarfi daga coci-coci, musamman al'ummar SIB da Dayak . A matsayinsa na Orang Ulu na Lun Bawang, ana ɗaukar Baru a matsayin gwarzo kuma mayaƙi musamman a cikin al'ummar Dayak ta Sarawak saboda gudummawar da ya bayar. Daga baya a matsayinsa na ɗan siyasa har ma da minista, Baru ya ci gaba da fafutukar samar da ingantattun damammaki da samar da ilimi da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya a Sarawak kuma yana ƙoƙarin amfani da Asusun Arziki na Sarawak don tabbatar da ingantaccen ci gaba da rarraba dukiya tsakanin dukkan Sarawak.