Bashin 'yancin kai na Haiti

Baron de Mackau na Faransa yana gabatar da buƙatun ga Jean-Pierre Boyer, Shugaban Haiti, a 1825

Bashin 'yancin kai na Haiti ya ƙunshi yarjejeniyar 1825 tsakanin Haiti da Faransa wanda ya haɗa da Faransa na buƙatar biyan kuɗi na francs miliyan 150 a cikin biyan kuɗi biyar na shekara-shekara na miliyan 30 da Haiti za ta biya a cikin iƙirarin kadarorin da Haiti ta yi hasarar ta hanyar juyin juya halin Haiti don samun amincewar diflomasiyya. An tilasta wa Haiti karɓar lamuni na miliyan 30 na farko, kuma a cikin shekarar 1838 Faransa ta amince da rage sauran bashin zuwa miliyan 60 da za a biya sama da shekaru 30, tare da biyan ƙarshe na biya a shekarar 1883. Duk da haka, Jaridar New York Times ta kiyasta cewa saboda wasu lamunin da aka karɓa don biyan wannan lamuni, biyan bashin na ƙarshe ga masu bashi ya kasance a cikin shekarar 1947. Sun kiyasta cewa a cikin jimlar 112 francs an biya diyya, wanda idan aka daidaita don hauhawar farashin kayayyaki zai zama dala miliyan 560 a cikin shekarar 2022, amma idan aka yi la’akari da cewa idan an saka hannun jari a tattalin arzikin Haiti a maimakon haka, za a iya kimanta shi da dala biliyan 115. A cikin shekarar 2025, Faransa ta kafa kwamiti don nazarin tasirin bashin da Faransa ta sanyawa Haiti.

Maido da buƙatar Faransa ta biya domin amincewa da 'yancin kai na Haiti, jiragen ruwan yakin Faransa da dama ne suka isar wa kasar a shekara ta 1825, shekaru ashirin da ɗaya bayan ayyana 'yancin kai a shekarar 1804. Duk da juyin juya hali da yawa a Faransa bayan wannan kwanan wata (July Juyin Juyin Halitta, juyin juya halin Faransa na 1848, Paris Commune), gwamnatocin da suka biyo baya, walau na sarakuna, sarakuna ko na jamhuriya, sun ci gaba da aiwatar da bashin tare da tilastawa Haiti ta biya. Haiti dole ne ta karɓi lamunin a cikin shekarar 1875 don biyan kashi na ƙarshe na rancen asali, kuma bankin da ya fi cin gajiyar wannan shine Crédit Industriel et Commercial. Ko da bayan an biya diyya, Haiti ta ci gaba da biyan sauran lamunin, kuma gwamnatin Amurka ta ba da kuɗin sayen baitul malin Haiti a shekarar 1911, da kuma a cikin shekarar 1922, sauran bashin Haiti ya koma don biya ga masu zuba jari na Amurka. Jaridar New York Times ta bayyana cewa ya ɗauki har zuwa shekara ta 1947 don Haiti ta ƙarshe ta biya duk abin da ke da alaƙa ga Babban Bankin City na New York (yanzu Citibank). A cikin shekarar 2016, Majalisar Faransa ta soke dokar Charles X na 1825, kodayake Faransa ba ta biya diyya ba. The New York Times states that it took until 1947 for Haiti to finally pay off all the associated interest to the National City Bank of New York (now Citibank). Wasu masana tarihi da masu fafutuka sun yi Allah wadai da waɗannan basussuka a matsayin alhakin talaucin Haiti a yau da kuma shari'ar bashi mai banƙyama.