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Batutuwan muhalli a Peru

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Batutuwan muhalli a Peru
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli
Ƙasa Peru
Sharar filastik da ke tarawa kusa da wani wurin sharar gida a Peru.

Babban Batutuwan muhalli a Peru sune gurɓataccen ruwa, Rushewar ƙasa, gurɓata da sare daji. Kodayake waɗannan batutuwan suna da matsala kuma suna da lalacewa daidai, ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Peru tana haɓaka ƙa'idodi da dokoki don rage yawan gurɓataccen da aka kirkira a manyan birane kuma suna yin manufofi don rage yawan lalacewar gandun daji a Peru.

Rashin fitarwa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Hukumar Tattalin Arziki ta Latin Amurka da Caribbean (ECLAC) ta kiyasta cewa asarar tattalin arziki da ke da alaƙa da Canjin yanayi na iya kaiwa sama da 15% na babban kayan cikin gida (GDP) ta hanyar 2100.[1] A cikin shekara ta 2010, hayakin gas na Peruvian ya wakilci 0.4% kawai na hayakin duniya.[2] Koyaya, hayaki yana ƙaruwa a duk faɗin ƙasar - musamman a bangarorin makamashi da sufuri. A kokarin yaki da wannan, Gwamnatin Peru ta amince da doka don kafa tsarin samar da iskar gas na kasa da ake kira INFOCARBONO. INFOCARBONO za ta ba da damar ma'aikatu daban-daban su haɗa da kula da iskar gas a cikin aikinsu[3]

Kashe daji na gandun daji.

Rashin gurɓata iska

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Rashin gurɓataccen abu - panorama

Rashin gurɓata iska babban matsala ne a Peru, musamman a Lima, babban birnin, wanda ke haifar da ayyukan masana'antu da hayakin motoci. A watan Agustan shekara ta 2006, gurɓataccen iska a Lima ya wuce ma'auni na kasa da kasa da 122.1% Matsakaicin maida hankali na PTS ya kai 166.57 micrograms a kowace cubic mita, ma'aunin kasa da kasa shine 77 micrograms da kowace cubic meter. A shekara ta 2009, an fitar da tan 1.5 na gubar da tan 810 na sulfur dioxide, a kowace rana, wanda shine sau hudu da matsakaicin da aka ba da izini a karkashin dokokin Peruvian.[4] Gwamnatin Peru ta kirkiro tsarin faɗakarwa don matakan gurɓataccen yanayi. Akwai matakai uku: tsaro, haɗari da gaggawa. A lokacin gaggawa, ana iya tambayar yara, mata masu juna biyu, tsofaffi da marasa lafiya su zauna a cikin gida. Wadanda suke da lafiya sosai don ci gaba da rayuwarsu a waje ana ba su shawara su rufe bakinsu da hanci da takalma ko takalma - amma ba masks ba, saboda a cewar mai magana da yawun gwamnati Carlos Rojas "mutane ba sa son hotunan da za su kara nuna halin da ake ciki. " Har ila yau, Peru tana amfani da fasahar "super itace", wacce Tierra Nuestra ta kirkira don gwadawa da yaki da gurɓata iska a cikin manyan biranen. Babban itacen yana aiki kamar itatuwa 1200 na ainihi, yana tsarkake iska. Yana shan iska ta waje, kuma a ƙarƙashin matsin thermodynamic yana haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin guba a cikin iska tare da ruwa, sannan ya fitar da iska mai tsabta. Abin takaici, akwai samfurori ga tsari, wanda ya haɗa da laka da ruwan da ba mai sha ba. Super Tree yana tsabtace kusan mita 200,000 na iska a kowace rana, yana kawar da gurɓataccen iska kamar carbon dioxide.[5]

Rashin gurɓata ruwa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
Kusa da Quiruvilca Peru- ruwa yana zuwa kai tsaye daga ma'adinai

Tushen gurɓata ruwa a Peru sun haɗa da Sharar masana'antu, datti da sharar da suka shafi mai. Peru tana da 1746 cu km na albarkatun ruwa masu sabuntawa kuma ana amfani da kashi 86% na wannan ruwa don noma da kashi 7% don ayyukan masana'antu. A cikin birane kawai kashi 87% kuma a yankunan karkara kashi 62% na yawan jama'a suna da damar samun ruwa mai tsabta. A cikin manyan birane an halicci tan miliyan 3.0 na sharar gida a kowace shekara.[6] Shugaba Alan García ya yi kamfen don shirin dabarun "ruwa ga kowa", wanda ya ba da shawarar saka hannun jari a cikin ayyukan samar da ruwa da tsabtace muhalli 185. Manufar wannan shirin ita ce fadada ayyukan ruwan sha daga kashi 76% zuwa 88% na gidaje; Tsabtace daga kashi 57% zuwa 77%; da kuma datti daga kashi 22% zuwa 100% nan da shekarar 2015. Tafkin Titicaca takamaiman damuwa ne ga Puno a kudu maso gabashin Peru saboda muhimmancin ruhaniya da tarihi. Contamination da gurɓata tafkin yana shafar lafiyar waɗanda suka dogara da shi sosai saboda sa ido da gwajin yanzu na tafkin ba shi da kyau kuma ba shi da kuɗi. Saboda tashin hankali a ciki da kewayen yankin ne kawai yanzu ke magance matsalar. A cewar rahoton Oxfam, fiye da rabin kogunan Peru sun gurɓata sosai a Arewacin Chillón, Yauli da Mantaro a yankin tsakiya; da Kogin Chili a Kudu.

  1. "Climate change in Peru seen affecting fishing and High Andes livestock and agriculture". www.cepal.org. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  2. "Emissions Summary for Peru" (PDF). United Nations. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  3. "Peru's National Climate Law: A critical step towards reducing global emissions". Low Emission Development Strategies Global Partnership (LEDS GP). Retrieved 25 February 2016.
  4. "PERU: Gasping for Clean Air in La Oroya". Ipsnews.net. Archived from the original on 10 June 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  5. "EcoLocalizer - News & commentary on urban planning, bike advocacy, and our world". EcoLocalizer. Retrieved 18 October 2014.
  6. "Environment - Peru - problem, farming". Nationsenecyclopedia.com. Retrieved 18 October 2014.