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Bayana ra 'ayi akan siyasa

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.

A cikin shugabanci, zaɓi shine zaɓin jami'an gwamnati ko alkalai a bazuwar, watau ta hanyar caca, don samun samfurin wakilci.[[1] [2] [3]

A tsohuwar dimokuradiyya ta Athens, rarrabuwa ita ce hanyar gargajiya kuma ta farko don nada jami'an siyasa, kuma ana ɗaukar amfani da ita a matsayin babbar sifa ta dimokuradiyya[4] [5] Sau da yawa ana rarraba rarrabuwa azaman hanya don dimokuradiyya kai tsaye da dimokuradiyya mai tunani.

Yau ana yawan amfani da rarrabuwar kawuna don zabar alkalai masu yiwuwa a cikin tsarin dokokin gama gari. Abin da ya canza a cikin 'yan shekarun nan shi ne ƙara yawan ƙungiyoyin 'yan ƙasa da ikon ba da shawara na siyasa, [6] ] [7] tare da kiraye-kirayen yin ficewa fiye da zaɓe, kamar yadda yake a Athens, Venice, da Florence.

Tsohon Athens Duba kuma: Dimokuradiyyar Athens § Zaɓi ta kuri'a Dimokuradiyyar Atheniya ta ci gaba a karni na 6 BC daga abin da ake kira isonomia a lokacin (daidaicin doka da 'yancin siyasa). Rarraba a lokacin ita ce babbar hanyar samun wannan adalci. An yi amfani da shi don ɗaukar mafi yawan [8]afi da ake buƙata] na alƙalai don kwamitocin gudanarwarsu, da kuma juriyoyin su (yawanci na maza 501).


Kleroterion a cikin Tsohon Agora Museum (Athens) Yawancin mutanen Athens sun yarda cewa zaɓe, ba zaɓe ba, ya zama dimokiradiyya [9] [shafi da ake buƙata] kuma sun yi amfani da tsare-tsare masu sarƙaƙiya tare da injunan rabon da aka gina (kleroteria) don guje wa ayyukan cin hanci da rashawa da masu mulki ke amfani da su don siyan hanyarsu ta shiga ofis. A cewar marubucin nan Mogens Herman Hansen, kotun dan kasar ta fi majalisar saboda ‘yan majalisar da aka ba su sun yi rantsuwar da talakawan majalisar ba su yi ba; don haka kotu na iya soke hukuncin da majalisar ta yanke. Yawancin marubutan Girka waɗanda suka ambaci dimokuradiyya (ciki har da Aristotle, [10] [shafi da ake buƙata] [Lura 1] [Lura 2] Plato, [Lura 3] Herodotus, [Note 4] da Pericles [Note 5]) sun jaddada rawar da zaɓaɓɓu ta hanyar kuri’a, ko kuma jaha kai tsaye wanda aka ba da shi ya fi dimokiradiyya fiye da zaɓe (wanda aka gani a matsayin oligarchic). Socrates [bayanin kula 6] da Isocrates [Note 7] duk da haka sun yi tambaya ko masu yanke shawara da aka zaɓa ba da gangan suna da isasshen ƙwarewa

Sakamako Dubi kuma: Taron Jama'a § Amfanin gama gari Andranik Tangian ya soki siyasar zaɓe a matsayin mafi girman wakilcin mutane da ƙungiyoyin siyasa a cikin al'umma.[32][18] Bambance-bambancen fahimi (ko hikimar taron jama’a) na amfani da ra’ayoyi iri-iri da basirar fahimi don nemo mafita mafi kyau]. A cewar masana da yawa kamar Page da Landemore,] wannan bambance-bambancen ya fi mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar ra'ayoyi masu nasara fiye da matsakaicin matakin iyawar ƙungiya. Shafi yana ba da hujjar cewa bazuwar zaɓi na mutane masu matsakaicin hankali suna aiki mafi kyau fiye da tarin mafi kyawun masu warware matsalolin mutum.] Wannan "diversity trumps ikon theorem"] shi ne tsakiyar muhawarar fita.

  1. Engelstad, Fredrik (1989). "The assignment of political office by lot". Social Science Information. 28 (1): 23–50. doi:10.1177/053901889028001002. S2CID 144352457
  2. Innovative Citizen Participation and New Democratic Institutions: Catching the Deliberative Wave
  3. Deliberation, Representation, and the Epistemic Function of Parliamentary Assemblies: a Burkean Argument in Favor of Descriptive Representation
  4. Headlam, James Wycliffe (1891). Election by Lot at Athens. The University Press.
  5. "Piccola archeologia del sorteggio"
  6. Flanigan, Bailey; Gölz, Paul; Gupta, Anupam; Hennig, Brett; Procaccia, Ariel D. (2021). "Fair algorithms for selecting citizens' assemblies". Nature. 596 (7873): 548–552. Bibcode:2021Natur.596..548F. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03788-6. PMC 8387237. PMID 34349266.
  7. When the People Speak: Deliberative Democracy & Public Consultation
  8. ]Hansen, Mogens Herman (1999). The Athenian democracy in the age of Demosthenes: structure, principles and ideology. Bristol Classical Paperbacks. London: Bristol Classical Press. ISBN 978-1-85399
  9. Hansen, Mogens Herman (1999). The Athenian democracy in the age of Demosthenes: structure, principles and ideology. Bristol Classical Paperbacks. London: Bristol Classical Press. ISBN 978-1-85399
  10. Hansen, Mogens Herman (1999). The Athenian democracy in the age of Demosthenes: structure, principles and ideology. Bristol Classical Paperbacks. London: Bristol Classical Press. ISBN 978-1-85399