Bharthari (sarki)
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| Muhimman ayyuka |
Q12988100 |
Bharatthari, wanda kuma aka fi sani da "Baba Bharthari" ko "Jogi Sant " Bharthari a yankuna da dama na Indiya, shine jarumin labaran al'umma da yawa a Arewacin Indiya . Shi ne sarkin Ujjain, kafin ya bar duniya ya yi murabus don neman yardar kaninsa Vikramaditya . Ya dogara ne akan wani mutum na tarihi mai suna Bhartrihari .[1]
Labarun Bharthari da dan uwansa Sarki Gopi Chand na Bengal, wadanda ake ganin Nath panth yogis, sun yi yawa a cikin tatsuniyar Indiya ta Rajasthan, Punjab, Gujarat, Haryana, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh da West Bengal . [2][3]
Yawancin cikakkun bayanai game da rayuwar Bharthari da ɗan'uwansa Vikramaditya sun fito ne daga tatsuniyoyi na Baital Pachisi (tatsuniyoyin Baital ashirin da biyar), wanda Sir Richard Francis Burton ya fassara a matsayin 'Vikram da The Vampire' a 1870.
Tatsuniya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bhartrhari shine babban ɗan Sarki Gandharva Sena, wanda ya karɓi mulkin Ujjain daga allahn sama Indra da Sarkin Dhara.
Lokacin da Bhartrhari yake sarkin 'Ujjayani' ( Ujjain na yau), akwai wani Brahman ya rayu wanda ya sami 'ya'yan dawwama daga buri na sama da ke ba da itacen, Kalpavriksha, sakamakon dogon lokaci. Ya yanke shawarar ba da ita ga Sarki Bhartrhari. Sarki yana son sarauniyar ƙaunatacciyarsa, Pinglah ko Ananga Sena (kamar yadda Maha Kavi Kalidas) ta kasance matashi, don haka ya ba ta 'ya'yan itace. Matar Raja Bhartrhari ta ƙarshe kuma ƙaramar matar.[2][4] Duk da haka, sarauniyar ta yi soyayya a asirce da babban hafsan soji, Mahipaala, ta so ya zama marar mutuwa kuma aka ba shi 'ya'yan itacen sihiri, shi kuma ya mika wa masoyinsa, 'Lakha' shugaban uwargida. Daga ƙarshe, 'ya'yan itacen suka koma wurin sarki. Bayan ya gama da'irar, 'ya'yan itacen ya bayyana wa sarki illar rashin imani, sai ya kira sarauniya ya ba da umarni a sare ta, ya ci 'ya'yan itacen da kansa. Bayan haka ya sauke karagar mulki, ga kaninsa Vikramaditya, kuma ya zama mai son addini. [2][5] Daga baya ya zama almajirin Pattinathar (Swetharanyar ko Pattinathu chettiyar shine poorvashram sunan wannan saint daga Poompuhar, Tamil Nadu) wanda ya fara yin jayayya game da samsari kuma ya sanyasi tare da sarki Bhartrhari daga baya yayin tattaunawar pattinathar ya ce duk mata suna da 'hankali biyu' kuma yana iya zama lamarin gaskiya har ma da parames. Sarki ya isar da wannan labari ga rani Pingalah sai ta umurci Pattinathar da a hukunta shi kuma ya zauna a cikin 'kalu maram' ( Itace wadda za a kaifi saman samanta kamar fensir kuma duk bishiyar ta cika fentin mai, wanda aka yarda ya zauna a saman za a raba kashi 2), sun gwada pattinathar amma kalu maram ya fara konewa kuma ba abin da ya faru da Pattinar, sai labari ya zo da Pattin. ki shirya ki mutu washegari, amma Pattinathar ya amsa na shirya ko da yanzu in mutu. Kashegari sarki ya zo da hawaye a idanunsa, ya saki waliyyi daga gidan yari domin a zahiri ya lura sarauniya Pingalah tana soyayya da mahayan doki a wannan dare, sai ya watsar da daularsa, da dukiyarsa, har da cikakkiyar rigarsa, sanye da wata rigar kovanam. Sarkin ya zama almajirin Pattinatar kuma ya sami mukthi (ceto) a cikin haikalin Kalahasthi . Sarki Bharthari, ko Bhadragiri (kamar yadda ake kiransa a cikin shahararrun al'adun mutanen Tamil) ya rubuta tarin waƙoƙin Tamil mai suna Meignana Pulambal. [6]
Akwai wata shahararriyar waka da bardun Chhattisgarh suka rera domin tunawa da Raja Bhartrhari. Labarin ya ce Sarauniya Pingala da Raja Bhartrhari ba su da ɗa kuma sarauniyar ta yi baƙin ciki sosai sakamakon hakan. Wani waliyyi ya zo kofar fadarsu wata rana ya nemi sadaka. Da Rani Pinglaa ya gangara don ya yi masa sadaka, sai ya ce, "Na san kana cikin bakin ciki, na kawo maka ruwa mai tsarki, idan ka sha wannan ruwan da imani, za ka haifi da nan da wata goma sha biyu." Rani Pingala tana da ruwan kuma kamar yadda Yogi ya yi alkawari, ta haifi ɗa bayan wata goma sha biyu.
Akwai wani labari mai ban sha'awa da ya shafi Raja Bhartrhari da Rani Pingla. An ce Raja Bhartrhari ya fita neman farauta wata rana sai yaga wata mata ta yi tsalle ta kutsa kai cikin ramin mijinta domin bakin cikinta ba zai bar ta ta rayu ba. Raja Bhartrhari ya girgiza kuma wannan lamarin ya tsaya a zuciyarsa. Da ya koma fadarsa, ya ba wa Rani Pingala labarin, ya tambaye ta ko za ta yi haka. Rani Pingala ta ce za ta mutu da jin labarin kanta kuma ba za a samu damar dawwama a raye ba har sai an yi jana'izar. Raja Bhartrhari ya yanke shawarar gwada ta kuma ya sake yin farauta kuma ya aika da labarin mutuwarsa zuwa fada. Maharaani ta mutu da jin labarin kamar yadda ta yi alkawari kuma Raja Bhrithari ta kasance cikin bakin ciki. Guru Gorakhnath ya ji bacin ran Sarki ya zo don ya taimake shi ya shawo kan bakin cikinsa. An ce Guru Gorakhnath ya ƙirƙiri kofe 750 na Rani Pingala don nuna yanayin ruɗi na duniya ga Raja Bhartrhari. Ko da yake an dawo da Rani Pingala zuwa rai, Raja Bharthari ya yanke shawarar yin watsi da duniya kuma ya zama mabiyin Guru Gorakhnath . Ya zama sanannen waliyi kuma mutanen Arewacin Indiya suna kiransa da Sant Bhartrhari. Bhratahari ya shahara a Alwar na Rajasthan. Ashtami ita ce ranar ibada da ake yi a matsayin biki. Lakhs na mutanen Alwar, Jaipur, Dausa kusa da Sariska a cikin Alwar ne suka hada baje kolin bhratahari.
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Chhattisgarh Folktales of Bhartari Archived 27 Oktoba 2009 at the Wayback Machine Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts 2004.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Introduction Vikram and The Vampire by Richard Francis Burton, 1870.
- ↑ Footnote 13 Vikram and The Vampire by Richard Francis Burton, 1870.
- ↑ Footnote 13 Vikram and The Vampire by Richard Francis Burton, 1870.
- ↑ Footnote 13 Vikram and The Vampire by Richard Francis Burton, 1870.
- ↑ Unknown[dead link]