Bibha Chowdhuri
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Rayuwa | |
Haihuwa | Kolkata, 3 ga Yuli, 1913 |
ƙasa |
Indiya Dominion of India (en) ![]() |
Mazauni | Kolkata |
Mutuwa | 1991 |
Karatu | |
Makaranta |
University of Calcutta (en) ![]() University of Manchester (mul) ![]() University College of Science, Technology & Agriculture (en) ![]() |
Matakin karatu |
Doctor of Philosophy (en) ![]() |
Thesis | Extensive air showers associated with penetrating particles |
Harsuna |
Bangla Turanci Faransanci |
Sana'a | |
Sana'a |
scientist (en) ![]() ![]() |
Employers |
Bose Institute (en) ![]() Physical Research Laboratory (en) ![]() University of Michigan (en) ![]() Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (en) ![]() Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (en) ![]() |
Bibha Chowdhuri (3 ga Yulin 1913 - 2 ga Yunin 1991 [1]) Masanin kimiyyar lissafi ne na Indiya wanda aka sani da bincikenta game da hasken sararin samaniya. Yin aiki tare da D M Bose, ta yi amfani da emulsion na nukiliya na hoto don zama na farko don ganowa da gano mesons. IAU ta ba da sunan tauraron HD 86081 Bibha, bayan ta.[2]
Rayuwa ta farko
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]An haifi Chowdhuri ne a Kolkata [3] ga dangin Zamindars. [4] Mahaifinta, Banku Behari Chowdhuri, likita ne.[4] Mahaifiyarta, Urmila Devi, ta yi amfani da Brahmo Samaj, wanda ke da imani cewa ya kamata a ba da izinin mata su je makaranta.[4][5] Ta hanyar auren Urmila, Banku ya tuba zuwa Brahmo kuma an fitar da shi daga bangarorin Hindu.[4] Yawancin yaran Chowdhuri (ban da 'yar ta biyu wacce ta mutu da wuri ) sun ci gaba da zama masu ilimi sosai. [4][5] Chowdhuri ita ce ta tsakiya a cikin 'yan uwanta biyar, tare da ɗan'uwa ɗaya.[5] Kakanta, Nirmala Devi, ta auri Sir Nilratan Sircar . [4] 'Yar'uwarta, Roma Chowdhuri, ta ci gaba da zama malama a Brahmo Balika Shikshalaya .
Ilimi
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Bibha ta yi karatun kimiyyar lissafi a Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Rajabazar ta Jami'ar Calcutta kuma ita ce kadai mace da ta kammala M.Sc. digiri a cikin shekara ta 1936. Ta shiga Cibiyar Bose bayan kammala karatunta a 1939 kuma ta yi aiki tare da Debendra Mohan Bose . [3] Tare, sun lura da gwaji kuma sun buga su a kan ruwan sama na mesotron, daga baya aka kira mesons.[4][6] Ta yi nazarin rukuni na Ilford rabin sautin da aka fallasa ga hasken sararin samaniya a wurare biyu daban-daban, daya a Darjeeling kuma mafi girma a Sandakphu.[4][7] Barbashi sun ragu da taro a ƙananan tsawo, yana nuna cewa sun lalace a tsawon lokaci.[4] Ta lura cewa lalacewar ta yi lankwasa, mai yiwuwa ne saboda yaduwar barbashi da yawa.[4] Ba za su iya ci gaba da binciken ba saboda babu faranti masu mahimmanci. Chowdhuri ta shiga dakin gwaje-gwaje na Patrick Blackett don karatun digirin digirinsa, tana aiki a kan hasken sararin samaniya a Jami'ar Manchester . [3] Rubutun ta na PhD ya bincika ruwan sama mai yawa. Mai jarrabawarta shine Lajos Jánossy . [8] Ba a san yadda aikinta ya ba da gudummawa ga Kyautar Nobel ta Blackett ba.
Ayyuka da bincike
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Chowdhuri ya nuna cewa yawan abubuwan da suka faru sun dace da jimlar yawan ƙwayoyin iska mai yawa.[4] Jaridar Manchester Herald ta yi mata tambayoyi a cikin wata kasida da ake kira "Meet India's New Woman Scientist - Tana da ido ga hasken sararin samaniya", tana cewa "ba shi da bala'i cewa muna da 'yan mata masu ilimin lissafi a yau".[3]


Chowdhuri ta koma Indiya bayan ta PhD, tana aiki a Cibiyar Nazarin Tushen Tata na tsawon shekaru takwas.[3] A lokacin da take TIFR, nazarin hasken sararin samaniya na Chowdhuri ya ba da gudummawa sosai ga gano K mesons.[9] Bibha ya bar TIFR na ɗan lokaci a 1953 kuma daga baya ya shiga dakin gwaje-gwaje na masanin kimiyyar sararin samaniya L. Leprince Ringuet a ƙarƙashin Cibiyar Nazarin Kimiyya ta Kasa (Paris). Ta yi karatu kuma ta gano sabbin K mesons da yawa a cikin ɗakunan girgije a kan Alps, ta buga binciken a cikin Nuovo Cimento a cikin shekara ta 1957.[10] A shekara ta 1954 ta kasance mai bincike mai ziyara a Jami'ar Michigan . An nada ta ne saboda Homi Bhabha har yanzu tana kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Tushen Tata, kuma ta tuntubi masu jarrabawar ta don shawarwari game da ɗaliban digiri. Ta shiga dakin gwaje-gwaje na Bincike na Jiki kuma ta shiga cikin gwaje-gaje na Kolar Gold Fields. Ta koma Kolkata don aiki a Cibiyar Nazarin Nukiliya ta Saha . [3] Ta koyar da kimiyyar lissafi a Faransanci. [ana buƙatar hujja][<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span>]
An bayyana rayuwarta a cikin littattafan A Jewel Unearthed: Bibha Chowdhuri . da kuma Bibha Chowdhuri, eine indische Hochenergiephysikerin als "Star" am Himmel.[11] The Statesman ya bayyana ta a matsayin almara da aka manta da ita. Ta ci gaba da bugawa har sai da ta mutu a 1991.
Littattafai
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- [Hasiya] An samo asali ne daga littafin nan. Hotunan hoto a matsayin masu gano Mesotron Showers. Halitta. 145: 894-895. https://doi.org/10.1038/145894a0.
- Bose, DM; Chowdhey, Biva (1941a). Asalin da Yanayin Ƙananan Ionization da aka gano a kan Farantin Hotuna da aka fallasa ga Cosmic Rays. Halitta. 147: 240-241. https://doi.org/10.1038/147240a0.
- Bose, DM; Choudhuri, Biva (1941b). Hanyar FTOGRAPHIC ta tsara MASS na MESOTRON. Halitta. 148: 259-260. https://doi.org/10.1038/148259a0.
- An samo asali ne daga littafin nan. Hanyar daukar hoto don kimanta Mass na Mesotron. Halitta. 149: 302. https://doi.org/10.1038/149302a0.
- [Inda Aka Ɗauko Hoto da ke shafi na 9] Ruwan iska mai zurfi da ke da alaƙa da ƙwayoyin da ke shiga. (Taskar Ph.D.). Manchester: Jami'ar Manchester . OCLC 643572452.
- [Hotuna a shafi na 9] A kan bangaren da ke shiga cikin ruwan sama. Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Indiya. 36: 457. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03172244.
- [Hotuna a shafi na 9] Babban ruwan sama na karkashin kasa da muons da yawa a cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Indiya ta E.A.S. 77: 212-225. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03050804
Manazarta
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- ↑ Roy, Pragya (2019-06-18). "Bibha Chowdhuri: The Invisibilised Physicist| #IndianWomenInHistory". Feminism In India (in Turanci). Retrieved 2019-12-21.
- ↑ "Approved names". NameExoWorlds. December 17, 2019. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Bhattacharya, Amitabha (2018). "The woman who could have won a Nobel". The Telegraph (in Turanci). Retrieved 2018-11-28. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>
tag; name "Bhattacharya 2018" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 Roy, S. C.; Singh, Rajinder (2018). "Historical Note: Bibha Chowdhuri – Her Cosmic Ray Studies in Manchester". Indian Journal of History of Science. 53 (3). doi:10.16943/ijhs/2018/v53i3/49466. ISSN 0019-5235. Cite error: Invalid
<ref>
tag; name "Roy 2018" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Bibha Chowdhuri – A Forgotten Legend". whastic.com. 15 August 2020. Retrieved 12 September 2020.
- ↑ Bose, D; Chowdhry, B (1940). "Photographic Plates as Detectors of Mesotron Showers". Nature. 145 (3684): 894–895. Bibcode:1940Natur.145..894B. doi:10.1038/145894a0.
- ↑ Bose, D. M.; Choudhuri, Biva (1941). "A PHOTOGRAPHIC METHOD OF ESTIMATING THE MASS OF THE MESOTRON". Nature. 148 (3748): 259–260. Bibcode:1941Natur.148..259B. doi:10.1038/148259a0.
- ↑ Roy, S. C.; Singh, Rajinder (2018-08-01). "Historical Note: Bibha Chowdhuri – Her Cosmic Ray Studies in Manchester" (PDF). Indian Journal of History of Science. 53 (3). doi:10.16943/ijhs/2018/v53i3/49466. ISSN 0019-5235.
- ↑ Sreekantan, B. V. (10 April 2006). "Sixty years of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research 1945–2005: The role of young men in the creation and development of this institute". Current Science. 90 (7): 1012–1025. JSTOR 24091966 – via JSTOR.
- ↑ Mondal, Naba K. ""Bibha Chowdhuri and Her Remarkable Scientific Endeavours."". Resonance. 28 (10): 1494–1495.
- ↑ "Rajinder Singh, Suprakash C. Roy - Bibha Chowdhuri, eine indische Hochenergiephysikerin als Star am Himmel". shaker.de. Retrieved 2020-09-11.
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