Bincike (magunguna)

Wani ma'adinin kwal ya kammala binciken bincike don Cutar huhu ta ma'aikacin kwal.

Bincike (magunguna)
ƙunshiya, method (en) , Harkokin kiwon lafiya na jama'a da type of test (en)
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	Gwajin likita
Bangare na	health monitoring (en)
Fuskar	medicine (en) , Ilimin halin dan Adam da social science methodology (en)

A cikin magani, tantancewa wata dabara ce da ake amfani da ita don neman yanayin da ba a san shi ba ko Alamun haɗari. Ana iya amfani da wannan gwajin ga mutane ko ga dukan jama'a ba tare da alamun ko alamun cutar da ake tantancewa ba.

An tsara sa hannun jari don gano yanayin da zai iya zama cuta a wasu lokuta na gaba, don haka ya ba da damar shiga tsakani da gudanarwa a baya da fatan rage mutuwa da wahala daga cuta. Kodayake tantancewa na iya haifar da ganewar asali a baya, ba duk gwaje-gwaje na tantancewa ba ne aka nuna don amfanin mutumin da ake tantancewa - yawan ganewar asali, kuskuren ganewar asali ne, da kuma haifar da rashin tsaro na ƙarya wasu sakamako masu illa na tantancewar. Bugu da ƙari, wasu gwaje-gwaje na tantancewa za a iya amfani da su yadda bai dace ba. Saboda wadannan dalilai, gwajin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin shirin tantancewa, musamman ga cutar da ke da karancin abin da ya faru, dole ne ya sami kyakkyawar hankali ban da takamaiman abin da ya dace.

Akwai nau'ikan tantancewa da yawa: tantancewa na duniya (wanda ya danganta da yawan jama'a) ya haɗa da gwajin dukkan mutane a cikin wani rukuni (alal misali, duk yara na wani zamani). Binciken shari'a ya haɗa da gwada ƙaramin rukuni na mutane bisa ga kasancewar abubuwan haɗari (alal misali, saboda an gano wani memba na iyali da cutar gado). Lokacin da aka isar da su ga mutane da yawa a matakin yawan jama'a maimakon likitoci, gwajin mutanen da ba su da alamun cutar saboda suna da haɗari ɗaya ko fiye wani lokacin ana kiransu tantancewa ko tantancewa. Ba a tsara tsoma baki na tantancewa don zama bincike ba, kuma sau da yawa suna da ƙimar ƙididdigar ƙididdiga da ƙididdigatattun ƙididdigas.

A cikin Amurka, shawarwari masu sabuntawa akai-akai don tantancewa ana bayar da su ta kwamitin kwararru masu zaman kansu, Ƙungiyar Ayyukan Tsaro ta Amurka. A cikin Burtaniya, kwamitin binciken kasa na Burtaniya ne ke ba da shawarwari.

Ka'idoji

A shekara ta 1968, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta wallafa jagororin kan Ka'idoji da aikin tantance cututtuka, wanda galibi ake kira Ka'idodin Wilson da Jungner. Ka'idodin har yanzu suna aiki sosai a yau: