Binciken tasirin kiwon lafiya
 Binciken tasirin kiwon lafiya | |
|---|---|
| Bayanai | |
| Ƙaramin ɓangare na |
scientific method (en)  |
| Filin aiki | Lafiyar jama'a |
An bayyana kimanta tasirin kiwon lafiya (HIA) a matsayin "haɗin hanyoyin, hanyoyin, da kayan aiki wanda za'a iya yin hukunci da manufofi, shirin, ko aikin game da tasirin da zai iya samu akan lafiyar jama'a, da rarraba waɗannan tasirin a cikin jama'a". (, shafi na
Bayani na gaba ɗaya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]HIA an yi niyyar samar da saiti na shawarwari na tushen shaida don sanar da yanke shawara (, shafi na . HIA tana neman kara tasirin kiwon lafiya mai kyau da rage tasirin kiwon lafiyar da aka tsara, shirye-shirye ko ayyukan. Binciken kiwon lafiya na yawan saka hannun jari na sabis na jama'a an gabatar da shi a lokacin ƙaddamar da Cibiyar Kula da Lafiya ta WHO a watan Maris na shekara ta 1996 ta hanyar Dokta Greg Parston, a lokacin Babban Darakta na Ofishin Gudanar da Jama'a.
Hanyoyin HIA suna kama da waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a wasu nau'ikan kimanta tasirin, kamar kimanta tasirin muhalli ko kimanta tasirin zamantakewa. HIA yawanci ana bayyana shi kamar yadda yake bin matakan da aka lissafa, kodayake masu aiki da yawa sun karya waɗannan cikin ƙananan matakai ko lakafta su daban-daban:
- Bincike - tantance idan an ba da izini / ana buƙatar HIA
- Scoping - tantance wane tasirin za a yi la'akari da shi da kuma shirin ga HIA
- Ganowa da kimantawa na tasirin - ƙayyade girman, yanayi, girman da yiwuwar tasirin kiwon lafiya, ta amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban da nau'ikan bayanai
- Shawarwari da shawarwari - bayyana dalla-dalla cinikayya da za a yi a cikin yanke shawara da kuma samar da shawarwari masu shaida
- Bincike, saka idanu da bin diddigin - tsari da tasirin kimantawa na HIA da saka idanu Da gudanar da tasirin kiwon lafiya
Babban manufar HIA ita ce yin amfani da ilimin da ke akwai da shaidu game da tasirin kiwon lafiya, ga takamaiman yanayin zamantakewa da al'umma, don haɓaka shawarwarin da suka danganci shaidar da ke sanar da yanke shawara don karewa da inganta lafiyar al'umma da jin daɗi. Saboda matsalolin kudi da lokaci, HIAs gabaɗaya ba su haɗa da sabon bincike ko ƙarni na ilimin kimiyya na asali ba. Koyaya, binciken HIAs, musamman inda aka saka idanu da kimanta su a tsawon lokaci, ana iya amfani da su don sanar da wasu HIAs a cikin mahallin da suke kama da juna. Shawarwarin HIA na iya mayar da hankali kan duka zane da bangarorin aiki na tayin.
Abubuwan da ke tabbatar da kiwon lafiya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Shirin cewa manufofi, shirye-shirye da ayyukan suna da damar canza abubuwan da ke tattare da kiwon lafiya suna haifar da amfani da HIA. Canje-canje ga abubuwan da ke ƙayyade kiwon lafiya suna haifar da canje-canje a cikin sakamakon kiwon lafiya ko yanayin kiwon lafiya na mutane da al'ummomi. Abubuwan da ke ƙayyade kiwon lafiya galibi muhalli ne da zamantakewa, don haka akwai haɗuwa da yawa tare da kimanta tasirin muhalli da kimantawar tasirin zamantakewa.
Dubi kuma
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]- Binciken tasirin
- Binciken tasirin muhalli
- Binciken tasirin daidaito
- Binciken tasirin matakai huɗu
- Binciken tasirin daidaito na kiwon lafiya
- Kayan aiki na ma'auni na ci gaba mai lafiya
- Binciken haɗari
- Binciken tasirin zamantakewa
- Inganta kiwon lafiya
- Sanarwar Jakarta
- Yarjejeniyar Ottawa don Inganta Lafiya
- Kare lafiyar jiki
- Lafiyar muhalli
- Jerin haɗarin lafiyar muhalli
- Ka'idar kariya
- Binciken haɗari
- Lafiyar Jama'a
- Lafiyar jama'a
- Abubuwan da ke tattare da lafiyar jama'a